THIS STANDARD IS: STD. NO.

: 81-80-02
Updated INDEX : 2.4
DESIGN STANDARD DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 1 OF 11

SUBJECT : DAMPER SELECTION FOR BALANCED DRAFT UTILITY BOILERS

PURPOSE : To provide selection of damper locations, types and their functions.

DRAWING : C-981-0226, E-981-0076

REMARKS : This Standard to be effective immediately.

NOTES: 1. See Page 2 for Versions.

2. See Page 3 for list of Arrangement and Detail drawings.
3. This Standard has been updated for After Market Use Only.

SR. ENGINEERING TECHNICIAN

PREPARED BY: S. GARCIA STANDARDS ENGINEERING - 8126
MANAGER
APPROVED FOR CONTENT: R. KUNKEL PERFORMANCE DESIGN ENGINEERING - 8152
MANAGER
APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION: J. LUSSIER ENGINEERING AUTOMATION - 8126

This document contains proprietary data and shall

not be reproduced or disclosed without permission of ALSTOM Power Inc.
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced STD. NO. : 81-80-02
Draft Utility Boilers INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 2 of 11
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UNITS: n ENGLISH; o METRIC; o BOTH; o NONE

PRODUCT LINES: CHECK THE PRODUCT LINES THAT THE STANDARD IS APPLICABLE TO

o ALL; n A = CONTROLLED CIRC. BOILERS o H = HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATORS

o B = SUPERCRITICAL BOILERS (HRSG)
n C = VU40 AND VU60 BOILERS o P = PULVERIZERS – MILLING SYSTEM
o E = FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS (CFB) o R = CHEMICAL RECOVERY BOILERS
n F = NATURAL CIRC. BOILERS (UTILITY) n S = SERVICES (AFTER MARKET USE)

Versions

Ver. 1 - Revised Paragraphs 2.3, Item Nos. 3, 5,

11, 12 and (*) in Table "A".

Ver. 2 - Updated Standard format; name change

to ALSTOM Power Inc.; added list of Arrangement
and Detail drawings; Owner Dept. changed from
8152 to MEDS (After Market Use Only).
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced STD. NO. : 81-80-02
Draft Utility Boilers INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 3 of 11
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List of Arrangement Drawings

Drawing No. Title

C-981-0226 Slide Gate Assembly - Butterfly Damper Assembly

E-981-0076 Typical Damper Assemblies (Louvre Type)

List of Detail Drawings

None
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced STD. NO. : 81-80-02
Draft Utility Boilers INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 4 of 11
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1.0 General 3.2 Primary Air Control Damper

1.1 This standard provides the standard A damper for regulating the flow of
selection of damper locations, types of dampers primary air to the pulverizer from the primary air
and various specific functions of dampers. fan.

1.2 This standard also provides the 3.2.1 Primary Air

generic definitions of different types of dampers
and the medium in which they are used. The air introduced into the
pulverizer to dry the fossil fuel (coal) and convey
2.0 Location, Type of Damper and the pulverized fuel to the burners.
Various Specific Functions
3.3 Primary Air Shut-Off Damper
2.1 Dampers are located in air and gas
flow paths depending upon the requirement of A tight seating damper usually
the boiler systems. See Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. located upstream from the primary air regulating
damper to prevent flow. This is a slide gate type
2.2 Damper locations and their functions damper.
are tabulated in Table "A".
3.4 Tempering Air Damper
2.3 The orientation of the damper blades (Cold Air Damper)
shall be such that the gas flow will be turned in
the direction of the fan rotation when the A damper used to control and/or
dampers are being opened. (See Figure 5) shut off tempering air.

2.4 Typical standard dampers are shown 3.4.1 Tempering Air

on Drawings C-981-0226 and E-981-0076.
Ambient air at the lowest
3.0 Definitions temperature added to the hot primary air to
modify its temperature.
For the purpose of this standard, the
following definitions shall apply. 3.5 Secondary Air Control Damper

3.1 Damper A damper for regulating the flow of

The damper can be defined as an
opening and closing device for controlling and/or
shutting off of air and/or gas flow to and/or from
an equipment. Dampers are normally of a
louvre, butterfly, slide gate or guillotine type
construction.
secondary air from the forced draft fan.
3.5.1 Secondary Air
the air supplied by the forced
draft fan to the burners for combustion.
3.6 Secondary Air Shut-Off Damper

A tight seating damper usually

located upstream from the secondary air
regulating damper to prevent flow. This can be a
slide gate or guillotine type damper.
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced STD. NO. : 81-80-02
Draft Utility Boilers INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 5 of 11
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3.7 Gas Tight Shut-Off Damper

A close fitting damper to minimize

gas from passing into any system components.
Sometimes this is called an Isolation Damper.

3.8 Ignitor Air, Scanner Air and Seal Air

Air supplied to any device at a

significantly higher pressure than the surrounding
atmosphere for the specific purpose and to
prevent contamination.
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced Draft Utility Boilers STD. NO. : 81-80-02
INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 6 of 11
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Table "A"

Item No. Damper Description and Location Location Preference on Type of Damper Damper Function Remarks
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4
Secondary Air/Gas System Figure 1
1 Forced Draft Fan - Inlet Vane Damper 1 Radial Vane Control the flow Fan Vendor
of air
2 Forced Draft Fan - Outlet Damper to 2 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation Guillotine type
Air Preheater Damper of air damper may be used
if space is available.
3 * Air Preheater - Outlet Damper 3 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation Guillotine type
Damper of air damper may be used
if space is available.
4 At Windbox - Hot Secondary Air 4 Opposite Blade Control
Damper Louvre Damper
5 * Air Preheater - Gas Inlet Damper 5 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation Guillotine type can be
Damper of gas used.
6 Inducted Draft Fan - Inlet Vane 6 Radial Vane Control Gas Flow
Damper
7 Induced Draft Fan - Outlet Damper to 7 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation Guillotine type can be
Stack Damper used.
Primary Air System Figure 2
8 Primary Air Fan - Outlet Damper 8 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation
Damper
9 Tempering Air to Mill (Slide Gate) 9 Slide Gate Shut-off Isolation Tight shut-off or zero
Inlet leakage.

* The purpose of these dampers is to avoid a forced outage is case there is damage to the air heater, precipitator or I. D. fan. ALSTOM normal
practice is not to provide "shut-off" dampers in the air heater gas or air inlets or outlets but to provide 28" straight duct for adding ALSTOM damper
later.
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced Draft Utility Boilers STD. NO. : 81-80-02
INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 7 of 11
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Table "A" (Cont.)

Item No. Damper Description and Location Location Preference on Type of Damper Damper Function Remarks
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4
Primary Air System Figure 2
10 Tempering Air Inlet to Mills 10 Opposite Blade Control Tight shut-off for high
Louvre Type moisture control.
11 * Air Preheater - Premiary Air Inlet 11 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation
Type
12 * Air Preheater - Primary Hot Air 12 Parallel Blade Louvre Shut-off/Isolation
Outlet to Mills Type
13 Hot Air to Mills (Slide Gate) Inlet 13 Slide Gate Shut-off/Isolation Tight shut-off or zero
leakage
14 Hot Air to Mills - Inlet 14 Opposite Blade Control
Louvre Damper
Seal Air Systems Figure
15 Seal Air Supply to Various 15 Butterfly or Louvre Shut-Off Suggest standby
Components Type Small Damper bypass seal air path.
16 16 Butterfly Control
Ignitor Air/Scanner Air Figure 4
17 Ignitor Air Supply to Ignition System 17 Butterfly Control
18 Scanner Emergency Air Damper 18 Butterfly Shut-Off

* The purpose of these dampers is to avoid a forced outage is case there is damage to the air heater, precipitator or I. D. fan. ALSTOM normal
practice is not to provide "shut-off" dampers in the air heater gas or air inlets or outlets but to provide 28" straight duct for adding ALSTOM damper
later.

Note: Parallel blade and opposite blade louvre type, slide gate and butterfly type damper are typical ALSTOM standard construction dampers shown
on Drawings C-981-0226 and E-981-0076.
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced Draft Utility Boilers STD. NO. : 81-80-02
INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 8 of 11
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Figure 1 - Flow Paths: Secondary Air to Furnace and Gas Flow from Furnace to Atmosphere
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced Draft Utility Boilers STD. NO. : 81-80-02
INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 9 of 11
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Figure 2 - Flow Path: Hot and Cold Primary Air to Mills (Both Sides)
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced Draft Utility Boilers STD. NO. : 81-80-02
INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 10 of 11
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Figure 3 - Flow Path: Seal Air

Figure 4 - Flow Paths: Ignitor Air and Scanner Air
SUBJECT: Damper Selection for Balanced STD. NO. : 81-80-02
Draft Utility Boilers INDEX : 2.4
DATE : 11 MAR 2002
OWNER : MEDS
PAGE : 11 of 11
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Figure 5 - Damper Blade Orientation