DEA Report-BSA Apparels

STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF
BSA APPARELS LTD.

Project type: 12- Storied RCC Building.
Location: Plot #D-9-12, Block#B, BSCIC Industrial Area, Sagarika
Road, Pahartali, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Client: BSA GROUP
Assessed by-
Engr. Md. Mehedi Hasan
Lead Structural Engineer,
Sthapona Consultants
(Structural Engineering) M.Sc. (BUET),
MIEB -24748, Rajuk Reg. DMINB-CE0233.
Submitted by
Y OUR S AFETY IS OUR C ONCERN

1st Floor (2A), House#01, Road#10, Nikunjo-2, Dhaka-1229.
Office: +880-1762-777666.
sthaponaconsultants@gmail.com
[BSA APPARELS LTD.] DETAIL ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 2
1.1 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................ 2
1.2 GENERAL OBJECTIVE .......................................................................................................... 4
2 DESTRUCTIVE & NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ......................................................... 4
2.1 EVALUATION OF CONCRETE STRENGTH FROM CORE TEST ............................. 4
3 ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY .................................................................... 5
3.1 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM ........................................................................................................ 5
3.2 CODES AND PRACTICES ..................................................................................................... 7
3.3 MATERIAL PROPERTY ........................................................................................................ 7
3.4 LOADS ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.4.1 Dead Loads ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.4.2 Live Load........................................................................................................................................................... 8
3.4.3 Wind Load (W) ............................................................................................................................................... 8
3.4.4 Earthquake Load (E) .................................................................................................................................... 8
3.5 METHOD OF ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 9

3.6 LOADING AND LOAD COMBINATION ........................................................................... 9
3.7 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ............................................................................................... 11
3.8 APPLICATION OF LOAD AND ANALYSIS .................................................................. 11
4 EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS FOR 42 PSF LIVE LOAD ................. 13
4.1 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF FOUNDATION ................................................................ 13
4.2 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF COLUMN .......................................................................... 19
4.3 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF BEAMS .............................................................................. 31
4.3.1 Evaluation of Grade Beam ...................................................................................................................... 31
4.3.2 Evaluation of Roof Beam ......................................................................................................................... 32
5 EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS FOR 63 PSF LIVE LOAD ................. 39

5.1 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF FOUNDATION ................................................................ 39
5.2 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF COLUMN .......................................................................... 44
5.3 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF BEAMS .............................................................................. 56
5.3.1 Evaluation of Grade Beam ...................................................................................................................... 56
5.3.2 Evaluation of Roof Beam ......................................................................................................................... 57
5.4 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF SLAB WITH 63 PSF LIVE LOAD .............................. 64

6 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................ 66
7 DISCLAIMER ......................................................................................................................... 66
List of Figures and Tables
Figure 1.1.1: Location of Project ..................................................................................... 2
Figure 3.1.1: Beam Slab System of the Building ................................................................ 6
Figure 3.1.2: 3D View of Analytical Model ....................................................................... 6
Figure 3.8.1: Applied Floor Finish in Typical Floor (30psf) ............................................ 11
Figure 3.8.2: Applied Live Load in Typical Floor (42 psf), As per NTPA ...................... 12
Figure 3.8.3: Applied Live Load in Typical Floor (63 psf), As per BNBC ..................... 12
Figure 3.8.4: Deflected Shape of the building .................................................................. 13
Figure 4.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan ............................................................................... 14
Figure 4.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model ..................................................................... 17
Figure 4.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing. .............................................. 20
Figure 4.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot. ............................................... 20
Figure 4.2.3: Condition of Column in Grid 1.................................................................... 21
Figure 4.2.10: Condition of Column in Grid 8.................................................................. 28
Figure 4.2.12: Condition of Column in Grid 10 ............................................................... 30
Figure 4.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams. .............................................................. 32
Figure 4.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams....................................................................... 33

Figure 4.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 33
Figure 4.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 34
Figure 4.3.5: Condition of 4th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 34
Figure 4.3.10: Condition of 9th Floor Beams................................................................. 37
Figure 4.3.11: Condition of 10th Floor Beams. ................................................................. 37
Figure 4.3.13: Condition of Top Floor Beams. ................................................................. 38
Figure 5.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan ............................................................................... 39
Figure 5.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model ..................................................................... 42
Figure 5.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing. .............................................. 45
Figure 5.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot. ............................................... 45
Figure 5.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams. .............................................................. 57

Figure 5.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams....................................................................... 58
Figure 5.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 58
Figure 5.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 59
Figure 5.3.10: Condition of 9th Floor Beams................................................................. 62
Figure 5.3.13: Condition of Top Floor Beams. ................................................................. 63
Figure 5.4.1: Deformed shape of slab under 63 Psf Live Load ................................... 64
List of Tables
Table 1.1.1: Basic information ............................................................................................ 2
Table 4.1.1: Pile Capacity check for 42 psf Live Load..................................................... 18
Table 4.1.2: Punching Shear Check for Pile Cap considering 42psf Live Load .............. 19
Table 5.1.1: Pile Capacity check for 63 psf Live Load..................................................... 43
Table 5.1.2: Punching Shear Check for Pile Cap considering 63psf Live Load .............. 44
APPENDIX-I: NDT AND DT REPORT
APPENDIX-II: SOIL TEST REPORT

[BSA Apparels Ltd.] DETAIL ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT REPORT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Factory building of BSA Apparels Ltd. is a 12-storied RCC building.
A team from ALLIANCE conducted visual assessment of the factory building on 27th May, 2014.
They recommended to perform Structural Integrity Assessment of the building. On this
recommendation BSA Apparels Ltd. has engaged Sthapona Consultants for performing Structural
Integrity Assessment along with checking architectural and structural drawing of the building.
The structural and architectural drawings were verified by Ferro-scanning, dimensions

measurement, plaster removing etc. There are few changes in as-built condition with
architectural drawings which has been incorporated during DEA.
For Structural Integrity Assessment one of the key inputs is the concrete strength. Eight cores
from different locations of columns and two cores from different locations of beams have been
collected to test the concrete strength. These cores have been sent and tested in MIST lab by
UTM (universal testing machine) to find its compressive strength. It has been found that stone0
chips were used as coarse aggregate. Equivalent concrete strength (As per ACI-562) for column is
4862 psi and for beam is 4342 psi respectively. MIST Core test result is presented in Annex-I.
Considering NTPA referred loading (42 pound per square feet live load), we analysed the structure
& found all the pile caps are adequate for punching shear and piles are adequate in capacity. All
the RCC columns are adequate for present loading condition. All the provided grade beams and
floor Beams are also adequate.
After considering BNBC referred loading (63 pound per square feet live load), we analysed the
structure & found all the pile caps are adequate for punching shear and piles are adequate in
capacity. All RCC columns are also adequate for present loading condition. All the grade beams
and floor Beams are also adequate.
So, according to the assessment we can say that, this building possesses a good structural
condition. We strongly recommend to maintain the allowable load layout and suggest not to
do any further construction above roof floor.
Page | 1
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
The factory building of BSA Apparels Ltd. is a 12‐storied RCC building located at Plot #D-9-
12, Block#B, BSCIC Industrial Area, Sagarika Road, Pahartali, Chittagong, Bangladesh having
Latitude: 22°21'38.25"N and Longitude: 91°46'27.23"E.
Source: Google Earth
Figure 1.1.1: Location of Project
Table 1.1.1: Basic information
Information Description
Structural System The structural system of main production building is RCC

Beam-Column frame system and foundation system is
isolated column footing.
Floor Area Twelve story RCC main production building: 1,17,385.00 sft
(Basement: 6775.00 sft, Ground floor: 10732.00 sft, 1st floor:
10732.00sft, 2nd floor: 10732.00 sft, 3rd floor: 10732.00 sft,
4th floor: 10732.00 sft, 5th floor: 10732.00 sft, 6 th floor:
10732.00 sft, 7th floor: 10732.00 sft, 8 th floor: 10732.00 sft,
9th floor: 10732.00 sft, 10th floor: 506.00 sft, 11th floor:
1392.00 sft, Roof : 1392 sft )
Number of Stories 12‐storied RCC building
Page | 2
Construction Year 2006-2008
Foundation Type Cast in situ pile.
Construction materials Concrete with stone chips and steel.
Floor usage Major use of floors area as below: Total Occupant: 2,215;
 Basement Floor: Fabric store
 Ground Floor: Finish godown, pump room, generator

room, sub-station, child care, security room;
 1st Floor: Dining hall, finish goods store, idle machine,

accessories store, administration, IT dept., medical,
office;
 2nd Floor: Cutting Section, fusing Area, fabric roll, final

inspection area;
 3rd Floor: Sewing Section, Office room, Maintenance

room;
 4th Floor: Sewing Section, Office room, Maintenance

room;
 5th Floor: Sewing machine, measurement table,

trimming table, iron section;

trimming table, iron section, final inspection area;

room;

trimming table, iron section, final inspection area;

room;
 10th Floor: Male & female prayer room.
Page | 3
 Top Floor: Chairman rest room.
1.2 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

Sthapona Consultants was assigned to Prepare Design Report of the factory building of
BSA Apparels Ltd. The scope of work of the project has been shown below, which includes
recommendation made by The ALLIANCE team,
(i). Ferro-Scanning in Column, Beam and Slab for Rebar Detection

(ii). Validate available structural design drawings
(iii). Verify architectural drawings and
(iv). The Structural Integrity Assessment of the building, which includes the
following items:
 Highlight any variations between as-built and structure design drawings (if
applicable)
 Result of testing of materials
 Results of geotechnical assessment and testing/investigation
 Details of assumptions, loading, inputs and results of computer modelling
 Detail assessment of the performance of all structural members under the
seismic load, earthquake load and gravity load
 Commentary on adequate/inadequacy of elements of the structure and
further action plan
2 DESTRUCTIVE & NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
2.1 EVALUATION OF CONCRETE STRENGTH FROM CORE TEST

Six cores from different locations of columns and two cores from different locations of
beams have been collected to test the concrete strength. These cores have been sent and
tested in MIST lab by UTM (universal testing machine) to find its compressive strength. It
has been found that stone chips were used as coarse aggregate. Equivalent concrete
strength (As per ACI-562) for column is 4862 psi and for beam is 4342 psi respectively.
Core test result is presented in Annex-I.
Page | 4
Calculation of Equivalent Concrete Strength as per ACI 562 for Column
n kc
Core Test Core Modified
Core Diameter
Result Diameter Strength 2 2.4
ID Effect
(psi) (inch) (psi)
1 5760 2.68 1.0396 5988.1 3 1.47
2 7950 2.68 1.0396 8264.8 4 1.28
3 4260 2.68 1.0396 4428.7 5 1.2
4 5340 2.68 1.0396 5551.5 f c (avg)= 6237.6 psi 6 1.15
Standard Deviation of
5 6080 2.68 1.0396 6320.8 1290.26 psi 8 1.1
Core strength=
6 6610 2.68 1.0396 6871.8 Coefficient of variation, V= 0.21 10 1.08
Number Of Sample, n= 12 1.06

6
Coefficient of variation
1.15 16 1.05
modification factor, kc =
f c (eq)= 4862.6 psi 20 1.03
>25 1.02
So, Concrete Strength for Column is 4862.6 psi.
Calculation of Equivalent Concrete Strength as per ACI 562 for Beam
n kc
Core ID Conc. Strength 2 2.4
1 4710 psi 3 1.47
2 3730 psi 4 1.28
3 5760 psi 5 1.2
4 7950 psi f c (avg)= 5555 psi 6 1.15
Standard Deviation of
5 4260 psi 1359 psi 8 1.1
Core strength=
6 5340 psi Coefficient of variation, V= 0.24 10 1.08
7 6080 psi Number Of Sample, n= 12 1.06

8
Coefficient of variation
8 6610 psi 1.1 16 1.05
modification factor, k c =
f c (eq)= 4342 psi 20 1.03
>25 1.02
So, Concrete Strength for Beam is 4342 psi.
3 ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY
3.1 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

The structural system of the factory building is a twelve storied RC frame structure (
Figure 3.1.1).
Page | 5
Figure 3.1.1: Beam Slab System of the Building
The building is classified as Intermediate moment resisting frame. General 3D view of the
building has been presented in Figure 3.1.2.
Figure 3.1.2: 3D View of Analytical Model
Page | 6
3.2 CODES AND PRACTICES

For the present project relevant sections of Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC,
2006) have been used for analysis. For the reinforced concrete design check, American
Concrete Institute (ACI 318-99) code has been consulted as and when became necessary
to complement the BNBC.
3.3 MATERIAL PROPERTY
The principal material of construction is reinforced concrete. As per investigation and

design drawings, the following material properties has been used:
 Yield strength of steel (Rebar), fy = 60,000 lb/in2
 Compressive strength of concrete of Column, fc' = 4,862 lb/in2
 Compressive strength of concrete of Beam, fc' = 4,342 lb/in2
 Compressive strength of concrete of Slab, fc' = 4,342 lb/in2
 Young's modulus of concrete, Ec = 57,000fc'
The above concrete strength is Equivalent concrete strength found using Core test result.
Here we use 60,000 psi rebar strength, based on valid purchase documents. We present
the purchase documents in ANNEX-I.
3.4 LOADS
The loads that may act upon the structure are as follows:
3.4.1 Dead Loads

Dead loads (D) are those gravity load which remain acting on the structure permanently
without any change during the structures normal service life. These are basically the loads
coming from the weight of the different components of the structure. For the sake of
convenience in the analysis, sometimes this kind of loads are divided into two types,
namely a) self-weight of the structure (SW) and b) the weight coming from the non-
structural permanent components of the building (SDEAD). In concrete building the
weight of slabs, beams, and columns etc. which form the main structural system is
considered the self-weight (SW). The weights of floor finish, water proofing layer,
partition walls and other non-structural permanent components generally constitute the
rest of the total dead load, i.e. (SDEAD). For the analysis and design checking of the
building, following are the values of dead loads,
 Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 150 pcf

 Unit weight of brickwork = 120 pcf
 Floor finish = 30 psf
Page | 7
3.4.2 Live Load
Live load is the gravity load due to non-permanent objects like machines, furniture, and
human. Analysis has been carried out base on load recommended by BNBC (2006). For
checking if needed reduced live load (42psf) are also used to find present condition of
the structure.
3.4.3 Wind Load (W)

Bangladesh is typically a storm prone area where due consideration to the thrust due to
storm must be given in the analysis and design of building and structures. Wind load due
to storm is typically modelled as lateral thrust force causing sway or overturning of the
building. Detailed specifications on wind loading on buildings are outlined in BNBC (2006).
The present project is located in Chittagong, for which the following basic parameters are
used in wind load calculation,
 Basic wind speed, Vb= 260 km/h

 Exposure category = A
 Structure Importance coefficient CI =1.00
3.4.4 Earthquake Load (E)

Proper structural design of any building structure must include loads due to earthquake
shaking. Although there has been no major incident of earthquake hazard in the recent
past of Bangladesh, earthquakes are not uncommon in this area. Scientific geological
study of the earth crust below Bangladesh shows that Bangladesh does fall in moderate
to high seismic risk zone. Statistical evidence from past major and minor earthquake
incidents shows that a major earthquake is overdue in the recent times of geological
scale. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare against any possible earthquake hazard. It
should be kept in mind that the objective of earthquake resistance building design is not
to make a strong building which can resist any damage due to earthquake. Instead,
earthquake resistant design basically aims at minimizing the possible damage and
casualty to an acceptable level.
Regarding the earthquake resistant structural design, it essential that the specific design
code is followed. For the analysis and design checking of this building, Equivalent Static
Force Method of BNBC (2006) is followed. The main considerations for calculation of
earthquake load are given below.
 Zone co-efficient, Z = 0.15 (zone 2, As Per BNBC 2006)

 Structure importance co-efficient, I = 1.00 (Standard Occupancy, Table 6.2.23,
BNBC 2006)
 Response modification co-efficient, R = 8.0 (IMRF, Table 6.2.24, BNBC)
 Site co-efficient, S3= 1.5 (type 3 soil as suggested in Table 6.2.25, BNBC)
Page | 8
3.5 METHOD OF ANALYSIS

Depending on the type of project, there are several well-established methods among
which Finite Element Method (FEM) is perhaps the most sophisticated and all-
encompassing one. For analysis and design checking of the building, powerful finite
element based structural design software package ETABS v9.7.4 has been employed for
analysis. Some aspects of the analysis process are discussed in the following paragraphs.
A full three dimensional modelling of the structure has been developed using frame and
plate/shell elements. At base level, the columns are assumed to be fixed due to cast in
situ pile.
3.6 LOADING AND LOAD COMBINATION
The basic sources of loads are described in earlier section. These loads are applied on the
model in seven basic categories. These are as follows:
 Self-weight of structure (SW).

 Floor finish and partition wall (SDEAD).
 Live load on roof (LL).
 Earthquake load on East-West Direction (Ex).
 Earthquake load on North-South Direction (Ey).
 Wind load on East-West Direction (Wx).
 Wind load on North-South Direction (Wy).
These seven basic load cases are analysed in ETABS v9.7.4. The results are then combined
in accordance with the specifications set forth by BNBC. BNBC specifies a number of
combination options. These are as follows:
For Concrete Structure:
 1.4 D
 1.4 D + 1.7 L
 0.9 D + 1.3 (W or 1.1 E)
 0.75 (1.4 D + 1.7 (W or 1.1 E))
 0.75 (1.4 D + 1.7 L + 1.7 (W or 1.1 E))
 1.4 (D + L + E)
Where D stands for total dead load i.e. D = DL + SDEAD, L stands for live load i.e. L=LL, W
stands for wind load and E stands for earthquake load. When these six basic load cases
are combined accordingly considering the direction of lateral loads, then according to
BNBC 2006, we obtain, after simplification, the following thirty combination cases:
 Combination Case 1: 1.4 D

 Combination Case 2: 1.4 D + 1.7 L
Page | 9
 Combination Case 3: 1.05 D + 1.275 L + 1.275 Wx

 Combination Case 4: 1.05 D + 1.275 L - 1.275 Wx
 Combination Case 5: 1.05 D + 1.275 L + 1.275 Wy
 Combination Case 6: 1.05 D + 1.275 L - 1.275 Wy
 Combination Case 7: 1.05 D + 1.275 Wx
 Combination Case 8: 1.05 D - 1.275 Wx
 Combination Case 9: 1.05 D + 1.275 Wy
 Combination Case 10: 1.05 D - 1.275 Wy
 Combination Case 11: 0.9 D + 1.3 Wx
 Combination Case 12: 0.9 D - 1.3 Wx
 Combination Case 13: 0.9 D + 1.3 Wy
 Combination Case 14: 0.9 D - 1.3 Wy
 Combination Case 15: 1.05 D + 1.275 L + 1.4025 E x
 Combination Case 16: 1.05 D + 1.275 L - 1.4025 Ex
 Combination Case 17: 1.05 D + 1.275 L + 1.4025 E y
 Combination Case 18: 1.05 D + 1.275 L - 1.4025 Ey
 Combination Case 19: 1.05 D + 1.4025 Ex
 Combination Case 20: 1.05 D - 1.4025 Ex
 Combination Case 21: 1.05 D + 1.4025 Ey
 Combination Case 22: 1.05 D - 1.4025 Ey
 Combination Case 23: 0.9 D + 1.43 Ex
 Combination Case 24: 0.9 D - 1.43 Ex
 Combination Case 25: 0.9 D + 1.43 Ey
 Combination Case 26: 0.9 D - 1.43 Ey
 Combination Case 27: 1.4 D + 1.4 L + 1.4 Ex
 Combination Case 28: 1.4 D + 1.4 L - 1.4 Ex
 Combination Case 29: 1.4 D + 1.4 L + 1.4 Ey
 Combination Case 30: 1.4 D + 1.4 L - 1.4 Ey
But in ETABS analysis, we do not calculate combination cases 27, 28, 29 & 30.
For the assessment of garments building we consider the load combination provided by
the Guideline for RMG (November 08, 2013) by NTPA for RC structures. The following
load combination is used for the assessment:
Combination Case 1: 1.2 DL + 1.6LL

Combination Case 2: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL + 1.0Wx
Combination Case 3: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL - 1.0Wx
Combination Case 4: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL + 1.0Wy
Combination Case 5: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL - 1.0Wy
Page | 10
Combination Case 6: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL + 1.0Ex

Combination Case 7: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL - 1.0Ex
Combination Case 8: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL + 1.0E y
Combination Case 9: 1.05 DL + 1.25LL - 1.0Ey
3.7 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

In any finite element analysis, applying appropriate boundary conditions are important.
Without appropriate boundary conditions the model of building structure may not be
stable. On the other hand, application of excessive restraints may render the structure
too stiff resulting in development of unreasonable stresses. For a structure like this
building, it is reasonable to assume that the bases of columns are fully restrained in all
directions.
3.8 APPLICATION OF LOAD AND ANALYSIS

A static analysis is performed using the loadings and combinations of loads (mentioned
earlier) for the factory building. Some pictorial representation of the analysis results is
shown in figures below.
Figure 3.8.1: Applied Floor Finish in Typical Floor (30psf)
Page | 11
Figure 3.8.2: Applied Live Load in Typical Floor (42 psf), As per NTPA
Figure 3.8.3: Applied Live Load in Typical Floor (63 psf), As per BNBC
Page | 12
Figure 3.8.4: Deflected Shape of the building
4 EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS FOR 42 PSF LIVE LOAD
4.1 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF FOUNDATION

Provided structural drawings of the project shows that cast-in-situ pile foundation had
been used for this project (Figure 5.1.1). As per ALLIANCE guideline, we have checked
adequacy of pile capacity & thickness of pile cap for 42 psf live load. Soil report prepared
by “MRITTIKA PROKAUSHALI”. Considering concrete strength (4677 psi) we found all pile
caps are OK for punching shear. All piles are adequate in capacity.
Page | 13
Figure 4.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan
Page | 14
 Pile Capacity Calculation:
Allowable Ultimate
Pile Name Length(ft.) FOS
Capacity(kip) Capacity(kip)
P-52 52 138.734 3 416.202
Page | 15
Allowable Ultimate
P-82 82 179.090 3 537.271
Page | 16
Figure 4.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model
Page | 17
Table 4.1.1: Pile Capacity check for 42 psf Live Load
ULTIMATE LIVE
ULTIMATE PILE DEAD REMARKS
FOOTING PROVIDED CAPACITY LOAD FACTOR OF
POINT CAPACITY PER LOAD REACTION(KIP) (Min
TYPE PILE NO. OF PILE GROUP (kip) FOR SAFETY(FOS)
PILE (Kip) (kip) FOS=1.5)
(kip) 42 PSF
13+44 PC8 7 416 2912.00 611.3 126.7 738.0 3.95 OK
19 PC6 4 416 1664.00 397.5 90.8 488.3 3.41 OK
21 PC5 4 416 1664.00 479.7 111.3 591.0 2.82 OK
23 PC5 4 416 1664.00 492.6 111.8 604.4 2.75 OK
25 PC6 4 537 2148.00 608.4 140.4 748.8 2.87 OK
26 PC6 4 537 2148.00 595.5 140.4 735.9 2.92 OK
28+38 PC13 5 537 2685.00 668.3 483.3 1151.6 2.33 OK
29 PC2 2 537 1074.00 145.9 30 175.9 6.11 OK
39 PC2 2 537 1074.00 235.1 54.1 289.2 3.71 OK
47 PC10 7 416 2912.00 522.7 138.1 660.8 4.41 OK
48 PC10 7 416 2912.00 826.9 221.9 1048.8 2.78 OK
49 PC10 7 416 2912.00 788.3 209.4 997.7 2.92 OK
51 PC10 7 537 3759.00 497.3 128.2 625.5 6.01 OK
52 PC10 7 537 3759.00 648.6 164.1 812.7 4.63 OK
64+66+94+95 PC12 10 537 5370.00 1125.5 206.9 1332.4 4.03 OK
117+135 PC14 6 416 2496.00 506.4 106.9 613.3 4.07 OK
122 PC9 6 416 2496.00 437.1 112 549.1 4.55 OK
123 PC10 7 416 2912.00 847.7 230.1 1077.8 2.70 OK
124 PC10 7 416 2912.00 818.9 227.6 1046.5 2.78 OK
125 PC10 7 537 3759.00 827.7 229.6 1057.3 3.56 OK
126 PC10 7 537 3759.00 889.5 235.7 1125.2 3.34 OK
128 PC5 4 537 2148.00 610.6 119 729.6 2.94 OK
129 PC2 2 537 1074.00 206.5 28.5 235.0 4.57 OK
136+137+153+154 PC11 5 416 2080.00 1085.7 220.1 1305.8 1.59 OK
138 PC3 3 416 1248.00 475.2 108.6 583.8 2.14 OK
161 PC5 4 416 1664.00 602.4 141.2 743.6 2.24 OK
162 PC5 4 416 1664.00 361.2 86.2 447.4 3.72 OK
163 PC7 5 537 2685.00 395.9 97.1 493.0 5.45 OK
165 PC7 5 537 2685.00 433.6 102.3 535.9 5.01 OK
167 PC5 4 537 2148.00 454.4 78.7 533.1 4.03 OK
168 PC2 2 537 1074.00 279.4 39 318.4 3.37 OK
170 PC2 2 416 832.00 219.2 33.1 252.3 3.30 OK
173 PC4 3 416 1248.00 456.2 66.7 522.9 2.39 OK
185 PC1 2 416 832.00 215.4 36.3 251.7 3.31 OK
186 PC1 2 416 832.00 170.2 37.1 207.3 4.01 OK
Page | 18
Table 4.1.2: Punching Shear Check for Pile Cap considering 42psf Live Load
f'C= 4862 psi
Live Load 42 psf
Factored Load , FDN Punching DCR for
COLUMN COLUMN
Point FDN, Name FZ (Live) Kip FZ (Dead), Kip 42 psf LL THICKNESS Shear Punching, Remark
DIM, L DIM, B
(DL*1.2+LL*1.6) , IN Capacity, Kip 42 psf LL
13+44 PC8 67.6 311.6 482 45 15 33 2629 0.18 OK
19 PC6 90.8 397.5 622 45 15 33 2629 0.24 OK
21 PC5 111.3 479.7 754 45 15 33 2629 0.29 OK
23 PC5 111.8 492.6 770 45 15 33 2629 0.29 OK
25 PC6 140.4 608.4 955 45 15 33 2629 0.36 OK
26 PC6 140.4 595.5 939 45 15 33 2629 0.36 OK
28+38 PC13 93.9 389.4 618 45 10 33 2529 0.24 OK
29 PC2 30 145.9 223 42 10 27 2127 0.10 OK
39 PC2 54.1 235.1 369 42 10 33 2238 0.16 OK
47 PC10 138.1 522.7 848 45 18 36 2748 0.31 OK
48 PC10 221.9 826.9 1347 45 18 36 2748 0.49 OK
49 PC10 209.4 788.3 1281 45 18 36 2748 0.47 OK
51 PC10 128.2 497.3 802 45 18 36 2748 0.29 OK
52 PC10 164.1 648.6 1041 45 18 36 2748 0.38 OK
64+66+94+95 PC12 76.5 374.7 572 45 15 33 2629 0.22 OK
117+135 PC14 65.5 295.7 460 45 12 33 2569 0.18 OK
122 PC9 112 437.1 704 45 15 33 2629 0.27 OK
123 PC10 230.1 847.7 1385 45 18 36 2748 0.50 OK
124 PC10 227.6 818.9 1347 45 18 36 2748 0.49 OK
125 PC10 229.6 827.7 1361 45 18 36 2748 0.50 OK
126 PC10 235.7 889.5 1445 45 18 36 2748 0.53 OK
128 PC5 119 610.6 923 45 15 33 2629 0.35 OK
129 PC2 28.5 206.5 293 42 12 27 2164 0.14 OK
136+137+153+154 PC11 61.3 294 451 45 10 27 2410 0.19 OK
138 PC3 108.6 475.2 744 45 12 33 2569 0.29 OK
161 PC5 141.2 602.4 949 45 15 33 2629 0.36 OK
162 PC5 86.2 361.2 571 45 15 33 2629 0.22 OK
163 PC7 97.1 395.9 630 45 15 33 2629 0.24 OK
165 PC7 102.3 433.6 684 45 15 33 2629 0.26 OK
167 PC5 78.7 454.4 671 45 15 33 2629 0.26 OK
168 PC2 39 279.4 398 42 12 27 2164 0.18 OK
170 PC2 33.1 219.2 316 42 10 27 2127 0.15 OK
173 PC4 66.7 456.2 654 45 15 33 2629 0.25 OK
185 PC1 36.3 215.4 317 30 15 15 1075 0.29 OK
186 PC1 37.1 170.2 264 30 15 15 1075 0.25 OK
4.2 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF COLUMN

Column layout plan from model snap shot is shown in Figure 5.2.2. Results has been
shown based on model grid. Assessment of columns (P-M-M Interaction Ratio)
considering 42 psf live load. According to standard practice, column with P-M-M value
greater than 1.0 is considered as inadequate.
Page | 19
Figure 4.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing.
RCC Column layout plan is shown in Figure 5.2.1 from Design Drawing.
Figure 4.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot.
Page | 20
Figure 4.2.3: Condition of Column in Grid 1

(Sections having P-M-M ratio more than 1 are Inadequate)
Page | 21

(Sections having P-M-M ratio less than 1 are Adequate)
Page | 22

Page | 23

Page | 24

Page | 25

Page | 26

Page | 27

Page | 28

Page | 29

Page | 30

4.3 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF BEAMS
4.3.1 Evaluation of Grade Beam

Figure 4.3.1 shows the condition of grade beam under lateral loading. All grade beams
are adequate loading according to NTPA code.
Page | 31
Figure 4.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams.

Provided Reif. At Required
Beam Id. In Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Middle-Bottom Reinf.
Drawing Top-Edge (in2) (in2)
(in2) (in2)
GB-1 3.9 As Shown 3.9 As Shown
4.3.2 Evaluation of Roof Beam

Following figures represent the condition of beams according to 42 psf live loading. Red
coloured beams are overstressed due to excessive shear & torsion; other beams are
adequate in size. Represented Figures are showing required reinforcements also.
Required reinforcement > Provided Reinforcement denotes inadequacy.
Page | 32
Figure 4.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams.

Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. Required Reinf. Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Drawing At Top-Edge (in2) (in2) Middle-Bottom(in2) (in2)
RB-1 2.88 As Shown 2.88 As Shown
Figure 4.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams.
Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. At Required Reinf. Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Drawing Top-Edge (in2) (in2) Middle-Bottom(in2) (in2)
Page | 33
Figure 4.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams.

Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. Required Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Drawing At Top-Edge (in2) Reinf. (in2) Middle-Bottom(in2) (in2)
Figure 4.3.5: Condition of 4th Floor Beams.
Page | 34


Page | 35

Page | 36

Page | 37
Figure 4.3.13: Condition of Top Floor Beams.

Page | 38
5 EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS FOR 63 PSF LIVE LOAD
5.1 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF FOUNDATION

Provided structural drawings of the project shows that cast-in-situ pile foundation had
been used for this project (Figure 5.1.1). As per ALLIANCE guideline, we have checked
adequacy of pile capacity & thickness of pile cap 63 psf live load. Soil report prepared by
“MRITTIKA PROKAUSHALI”. Considering concrete strength (4677 psi) we found all pile
caps are OK for punching shear. All piles are adequate in capacity.
Figure 5.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan
Page | 39
 Pile Capacity Calculation:
Allowable Ultimate
P-52 52 138.734 3 416.202
Page | 40
Allowable Ultimate
P-82 82 179.090 3 537.271
Page | 41
Figure 5.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model
Page | 42
Table 5.1.1: Pile Capacity check for 63 psf Live Load

ULTIMATE LIVE
ULTIMATE PILE DEAD FACTOR OF REMARKS
FOOTING PROVIDED CAPACITY LOAD
POINT CAPACITY PER LOAD REACTION(KIP) SAFETY(FO (Min
TYPE PILE NO. OF PILE GROUP (kip) FOR
PILE (Kip) (kip) S) FOS=1.5)
(kip) 63 PSF
13+44 PC8 7 416 2912.00 611.3 183.8 795.1 3.66 OK
19 PC6 4 416 1664.00 397.5 133.1 530.6 3.14 OK
21 PC5 4 416 1664.00 479.7 161.2 640.9 2.60 OK
23 PC5 4 416 1664.00 492.6 160.6 653.2 2.55 OK
25 PC6 4 537 2148.00 608.4 204.5 812.9 2.64 OK
26 PC6 4 537 2148.00 595.5 202.7 798.2 2.69 OK
28+38 PC13 5 537 2685.00 668.3 193.9 862.2 3.11 OK
29 PC2 2 537 1074.00 145.9 33 178.9 6.00 OK
39 PC2 2 537 1074.00 235.1 60.5 295.6 3.63 OK
47 PC10 7 416 2912.00 522.7 200.6 723.3 4.03 OK
48 PC10 7 416 2912.00 826.9 325 1151.9 2.53 OK
49 PC10 7 416 2912.00 788.3 305.7 1094.0 2.66 OK
51 PC10 7 537 3759.00 497.3 187.3 684.6 5.49 OK
52 PC10 7 537 3759.00 648.6 236.5 885.1 4.25 OK
64+66+94+95 PC12 10 537 5370.00 1125.5 265.5 1391.0 3.86 OK
117+135 PC14 6 416 2496.00 506.4 133.2 639.6 3.90 OK
122 PC9 6 416 2496.00 437.1 148.8 585.9 4.26 OK
123 PC10 7 416 2912.00 847.7 329.4 1177.1 2.47 OK
124 PC10 7 416 2912.00 818.9 327.2 1146.1 2.54 OK
125 PC10 7 537 3759.00 827.7 329.8 1157.5 3.25 OK
126 PC10 7 537 3759.00 889.5 335.6 1225.1 3.07 OK
128 PC5 4 537 2148.00 610.6 164.2 774.8 2.77 OK
129 PC2 2 537 1074.00 206.5 37.7 244.2 4.40 OK
136+137+153+154 PC11 5 416 2080.00 1085.7 247.9 1333.6 1.56 OK
138 PC3 3 416 1248.00 475.2 127.3 602.5 2.07 OK
161 PC5 4 416 1664.00 602.4 197.5 799.9 2.08 OK
162 PC5 4 416 1664.00 361.2 121.9 483.1 3.44 OK
163 PC7 5 537 2685.00 395.9 136.4 532.3 5.04 OK
165 PC7 5 537 2685.00 433.6 142.7 576.3 4.66 OK
167 PC5 4 537 2148.00 454.4 109.1 563.5 3.81 OK
168 PC2 2 537 1074.00 279.4 53.8 333.2 3.22 OK
170 PC2 2 416 832.00 219.2 38.1 257.3 3.23 OK
173 PC4 3 416 1248.00 456.2 83.5 539.7 2.31 OK
185 PC1 2 416 832.00 215.4 49.6 265.0 3.14 OK
186 PC1 2 416 832.00 170.2 51.7 221.9 3.75 OK
Page | 43
Table 5.1.2: Punching Shear Check for Pile Cap considering 63psf Live Load
f'C= 4862 psi
Live Load 63 psf
Factored Load , FDN Punching DCR for
COLUMN COLUMN
Point FDN, Name FZ (Live) Kip FZ (Dead), Kip 63 psf LL THICKNESS Shear Punching, Remark
DIM, L DIM, B
(DL*1.2+LL*1.6) , IN Capacity, Kip 63 psf LL
13+44 PC8 97 311.6 529 45 15 33 2629 0.20 OK
19 PC6 133.1 397.5 690 45 15 33 2629 0.26 OK
21 PC5 161.2 479.7 834 45 15 33 2629 0.32 OK
23 PC5 160.6 492.6 848 45 15 33 2629 0.32 OK
25 PC6 204.5 608.4 1057 45 15 33 2629 0.40 OK
26 PC6 202.7 595.5 1039 45 15 33 2629 0.40 OK
28+38 PC13 113.7 389.4 649 45 10 33 2529 0.26 OK
29 PC2 33 145.9 228 42 10 27 2127 0.11 OK
39 PC2 60.5 235.1 379 42 10 33 2238 0.17 OK
47 PC10 200.6 522.7 948 45 18 36 2748 0.35 OK
48 PC10 325 826.9 1512 45 18 36 2748 0.55 OK
49 PC10 305.7 788.3 1435 45 18 36 2748 0.52 OK
51 PC10 187.3 497.3 896 45 18 36 2748 0.33 OK
52 PC10 236.5 648.6 1157 45 18 36 2748 0.42 OK
64+66+94+95 PC12 98.9 374.7 608 45 15 33 2629 0.23 OK
117+135 PC14 83.3 295.7 488 45 12 33 2569 0.19 OK
122 PC9 148.8 437.1 763 45 15 33 2629 0.29 OK
123 PC10 329.4 847.7 1544 45 18 36 2748 0.56 OK
124 PC10 327.2 818.9 1506 45 18 36 2748 0.55 OK
125 PC10 329.8 827.7 1521 45 18 36 2748 0.55 OK
126 PC10 335.6 889.5 1604 45 18 36 2748 0.58 OK
128 PC5 164.2 610.6 995 45 15 33 2629 0.38 OK
129 PC2 37.7 206.5 308 42 12 27 2164 0.14 OK
136+137+153+154 PC11 70.6 294 466 45 10 27 2410 0.19 OK
138 PC3 127.3 475.2 774 45 12 33 2569 0.30 OK
161 PC5 197.5 602.4 1039 45 15 33 2629 0.40 OK
162 PC5 121.9 361.2 628 45 15 33 2629 0.24 OK
163 PC7 136.4 395.9 693 45 15 33 2629 0.26 OK
165 PC7 142.7 433.6 749 45 15 33 2629 0.28 OK
167 PC5 109.1 454.4 720 45 15 33 2629 0.27 OK
168 PC2 53.8 279.4 421 42 12 27 2164 0.19 OK
170 PC2 38.1 219.2 324 42 10 27 2127 0.15 OK
173 PC4 83.5 456.2 681 45 15 33 2629 0.26 OK
185 PC1 49.6 215.4 338 30 15 15 1075 0.31 OK
186 PC1 51.7 170.2 287 30 15 15 1075 0.27 OK
5.2 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF COLUMN

Column layout plan from model snap shot is shown in Figure 5.2.2. Results has been
shown based on model grid. Assessment of columns (P-M-M Interaction Ratio)
considering 63 psf live load. According to standard practice, column with P-M-M value
greater than 1.0 is considered as inadequate.
Page | 44
Figure 5.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing.
RCC Column layout plan is shown in Figure 5.2.1 from Design Drawing. Figure 5.2.3 to
Figure 5.2.8 shows the failure of column up to the particular level.
Figure 5.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot.
Page | 45

Page | 46

(Sections having P-M-M ratio less than 1 are Adequate)
Page | 47

Page | 48

Page | 49

Page | 50

Page | 51

Page | 52

Page | 53

Page | 54

Page | 55

5.3 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF BEAMS
5.3.1 Evaluation of Grade Beam

Figure 5.3.1 shows the condition of grade beam under lateral loading. All grade beams
are adequate loading according to BNBC code.
Page | 56
Figure 5.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams.
Provided Reif. At Required

Beam Id. In Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Middle-Bottom Reinf.
Drawing Top-Edge (in2) (in2)
(in2) (in2)
5.3.2 Evaluation of Roof Beam

Following figures represent the condition of beams according to 63 psf live loading. Red
coloured beams are overstressed due to excessive shear & torsion; other beams are
adequate in size. Represented Figures are showing required reinforcements also.
Required reinforcement > Provided Reinforcement denotes inadequacy.
Page | 57
Figure 5.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams.

Figure 5.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams.
Page | 58
Figure 5.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams.

Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. Required Provided Reif. At Required Reinf.
Drawing At Top-Edge (in2) Reinf. (in2) Middle-Bottom(in2) (in2)
Page | 59


Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. Required Reinf. Provided Reinf. At Required Reinf.
Page | 60
Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. Required Reinf. Provided Reinf. At Required Reinf.

Page | 61
Beam Id. In Provided Reinf. At Required Reinf. Provided Reinf. At Required Reinf.

Page | 62
Figure 5.3.13: Condition of Top Floor Beams.

Page | 63
5.4 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF SLAB WITH 63 PSF LIVE LOAD

We found beam slab system in the building. Slab thickness is 6 inch. We have assessed
the slab in BNBC recommended minimum live load 63 psf.
Figure 5.4.1: Deformed shape of slab under 63 Psf Live Load
Page | 64
Page | 65
6 CONCLUSION
According to NTPA loading condition (42 psf Live Load)-
 All the piles are adequate in capacity. All pile caps are adequate in thickness for
punching shear.
 All the RCC columns are adequate.
 All the provided grade beams are adequate.
 Floor Beams are also adequate.
According to BNBC loading condition (63 psf Live Load)-
 All the piles are adequate in capacity. All pile caps are also adequate in thickness
for punching shear.
 All the RCC columns are adequate.
 All the provided grade beams and floor beams are adequate.
7 DISCLAIMER
The assessment engineer made the above observations & recommendations from Core
test, NDT results & mathematical modelling of the building. We applied our best
engineering judgments. We do not bear responsibility for any deviation from the
predicted behaviour of the structure caused by uncertainties of performance or
calamities.
Page | 66

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STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF

BSA APPARELS LTD.

Client: BSA GROUP

Y OUR S AFETY IS OUR C ONCERN

3.5 METHOD OF ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 9

5 EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS FOR 63 PSF LIVE LOAD ................. 39

5.4 CHECKING ADEQUACY OF SLAB WITH 63 PSF LIVE LOAD .............................. 64

Figure 3.1.1: Beam Slab System of the Building ................................................................ 6

Figure 3.1.2: 3D View of Analytical Model ....................................................................... 6

Figure 3.8.1: Applied Floor Finish in Typical Floor (30psf) ............................................ 11

Figure 3.8.4: Deflected Shape of the building .................................................................. 13

Figure 4.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan ............................................................................... 14

Figure 4.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model ..................................................................... 17

Figure 4.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing. .............................................. 20

Figure 4.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot. ............................................... 20

Figure 4.2.3: Condition of Column in Grid 1.................................................................... 21

Figure 4.2.4: Condition of Column in Grid 2.................................................................... 22

Figure 4.2.5: Condition of Column in Grid 3.................................................................... 23

Figure 4.2.6: Condition of Column in Grid 4.................................................................... 24

Figure 4.2.7: Condition of Column in Grid 5.................................................................... 25

Figure 4.2.8: Condition of Column in Grid 6.................................................................... 26

Figure 4.2.9: Condition of Column in Grid 7.................................................................... 27

Figure 4.2.10: Condition of Column in Grid 8.................................................................. 28

Figure 4.2.11: Condition of Column in Grid 9.................................................................. 29

Figure 4.2.12: Condition of Column in Grid 10 ............................................................... 30

Figure 4.2.13: Condition of Column in Grid 11 ............................................................... 31

Figure 4.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams. .............................................................. 32

Figure 4.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams....................................................................... 33

Figure 4.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 33

Figure 4.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 34

Figure 4.3.5: Condition of 4th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 34

Figure 4.3.6: Condition of 5th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 35

Figure 4.3.7: Condition of 6th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 35

Figure 4.3.8: Condition of 7th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 36

Figure 4.3.9: Condition of 8th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 36

Figure 4.3.10: Condition of 9th Floor Beams................................................................. 37

Figure 4.3.11: Condition of 10th Floor Beams. ................................................................. 37

Figure 4.3.12: Condition of 11th Floor Beams. ................................................................. 38

Figure 4.3.13: Condition of Top Floor Beams. ................................................................. 38

Figure 5.1.1: Foundation Layout Plan ............................................................................... 39

Figure 5.1.2: Node ID from ETABS Model ..................................................................... 42

Figure 5.2.1: Column Layout Plan from as Built Drawing. .............................................. 45

Figure 5.2.2: Column Layout Plan from Model Snapshot. ............................................... 45

Figure 5.2.3: Condition of Column in Grid 1.................................................................... 46

Figure 5.2.4: Condition of Column in Grid 2.................................................................... 47

Figure 5.2.5: Condition of Column in Grid 3.................................................................... 48

Figure 5.2.6: Condition of Column in Grid 4.................................................................... 49

Figure 5.2.7: Condition of Column in Grid 5.................................................................... 50

Figure 5.2.8: Condition of Column in Grid 6.................................................................... 51

Figure 5.2.9: Condition of Column in Grid 7.................................................................... 52

Figure 5.2.10: Condition of Column in Grid 8.................................................................. 53

Figure 5.2.11: Condition of Column in Grid 9.................................................................. 54

Figure 5.2.12: Condition of Column in Grid 10 ............................................................... 55

Figure 5.2.13: Condition of Column in Grid 11 ............................................................... 56

Figure 5.3.1: Condition of Ground floor Beams. .............................................................. 57

Figure 5.3.2: Condition of 1st Floor Beams....................................................................... 58

Figure 5.3.3: Condition of 2nd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 58

Figure 5.3.4: Condition of 3rd Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 59

Figure 5.3.5: Condition of 4th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 59

Figure 5.3.6: Condition of 5th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 60

Figure 5.3.7: Condition of 6th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 60

Figure 5.3.8: Condition of 7th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 61

Figure 5.3.9: Condition of 8th Floor Beams. ..................................................................... 61

Figure 5.3.10: Condition of 9th Floor Beams................................................................. 62