IRNOZIS

LIMS 
1- ;g le>uk fd ijes’oj ds ikl vkids thou 3
ds fy, ,d mn~ns’; gS
 LMHV¦RMNVWXN@PQaQ¦V @LIMG<LXN 
YN6M\^GNLMHV¦RMJ6
 LMHV¦RMGVLNOGPQaQV¦J6 
AONHN8PQaQV¦ NAHN/9M,\NX
WNVRJEOL)RK
LMYNWLZMNGMMJNJ6
 LMHV¦RMGVLNOYNLGVI\G 
PQaQV¦J6 AGIRI
N9NVWXN
 JHNMVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNJHV¦NN 
+N\KJNVUKJ6
 LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNGNVLZMNGMXVJVUT 
JHVDPOGVON)NOJNV[GMXNJ6
 JHVDYLXVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGK 
NVWXN>NNVWXNYN6MPOGN
YXTOMNGMXNJ6
 LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GNVLZMN 
GMXVJVUTLMHV¦RMYNLGNVU6NMGMV[N
  JH[\IUNDGMOGUVJ6D LMDUTJHNMK 
YO4\UNYNVDLMIRWLNXVHVDYN6MPOGK
FT\NJ9GNVLZMNGMXVHVDLMHV¦RMJHNMK
OJNUNGMOGUNJ6
 LMHV¦RMGVPQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVOV 
JHVDMNVGXVGN
N6UNXJMUMJL]NOGMV[N
 JHVDLMHV¦RMGKFT\NJ9LMYLXN 
NX\[NMJXNJ6
JHHVDNKMWJNVXNSNIJ 
2- vkids thou ds fy, ijes’oj ds 12
mn~ns’; dks igpkuuk
 LMHV¦RMGVRSXGKYNHI¦N^NNYN6M 
IXQV=¦NGNVLJSNXVD
 YNLGVWKRXGVAFKWNVD GNVLJSNXVD 
 YLXVYDQMGKOM[HK=GNVLJSNXVD 
 LMHV¦RM`NMNYNLGNVWNVYXT[]JIQN 
[NJ6POVLJSNXVD
 XIXHHVDAYXT[]J ¦N&Q 
Q¦NN=UNJ6
E=¦RMKYXT[]J 
E=¦RMKSIM 
E=¦RMKOH)N=UN 
 YXT[]JYN6MGN= 
 LMHV¦RMGVYN5HNGKY[TRNE=GNVLJSNXVD 
 LIR YN5HNJHOVIGO 
L]GNMFNUVDGMUNJ6?
  JHG6OVWNXOGUVJ6DIG 
LIR YN5HNFNV\MJNJ6
 LIMI/)NIUNVDGNVLJSNXVD 
 E=¦RMKLMNH¦N=YN6MFTIHNXK 
GNVLJSNXVD
2I'UGVYLXV.NXYN6M 
YXT+NRLMYNNNIMULMNH¦N=
LMHV¦RMGVI\I>NURSXLM 
YNNNIMULMNH¦N=
+NIRN5HGL]VMNNLM 
YNNNIMULMNH¦N=
 OHNVDYN6MBUTYNVDGNVLJSNXVD 
 LMHV¦RMGNGN=GMXVGN 
UMKGNLJSNXVD
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN 
 U6NMKGKL]INGV`NMNLMHV¦RM'N 
U6NMKGMXNSNJUNJ6?
 E=¦RMKSIM 
 O+NKFNUNVDHVDLIML'RUN 
 LMHV¦RMJHVDG6OVU6NMGMUNJ6? 
RSX 
LIR YN5HN 
Y8\NV[NVD`NMN 
WKRXGVYXT+NR 
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INOV[TWMUV 
OHOHNXHVDM>NXVNV;FNUVD
  U6NMKGKL]INGVQN6MNXJHVD 
LMHV¦RMI\U6NMMJXNOK>NXNJ6
 YNLGNMR6NHJ5RLZN=J6 
 WJNDONH)N=J6@RJNDLMOD[UUNJ6 
 WFYNL1NV9KFNUNVDHVDIR¦RNONV; 
MJVD[V@UFLMHV¦RMYNLGNVY[\K
FNUNVDGVI\FN6UMKQV[N
 YN5HODUNVNOVONRNNXMJVD$ 
LMHV¦RMGNVYXTHIUQVDIGRJ
YNLGNVFN
 U6NMKGNOHG+NKFMFNQ 
XJKDJNVUN$IWUXKF0KFT\NJ9
JNVUKJ6@PUXKJKF0KU6NMKGK
YNR¦GUNJNVUKJ6
 W<QFNWKXGMVD$U6NMKGN 
OHLZMNJNVXVQVD
FT\NJ9YN6MRMQNXGVYNLGV^NV HVDMJVD 
 POGVPQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXN 
 POGNPQaQV¦LZMNGMXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXN 
 POGNL]NVWXLNXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXN 
 OTM^NNLNXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXN 
 P8XIUNFUKLNXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXN 
 LMHV¦RMGKRU=HNXFVQNMKHVDMJXVJVUT 
YLXN/)NNX\VXN
 WFYNLYLXN/)NNX\VUVJ6D@UF 
IX(XI\I>NUFNUNVDGNVNXHVDM>NVD
 cDSKFT\NJ9GKGKHU 
 L]IUIQXGVFI\QNX 
 WKRXFI\QNX 
 YN5HNGKY[TRNE=HVDIG[FI\QNX 
YN6M
NNMKIMGFI\QNX
 YLXKQN60LZMKGMXN 
 IXNVWX 
 YDIUHMV>NNUGQN60XN 
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

ifjp;
HVDLMHV¦RMHVMVYDQMGFNV!P0V\XV\[N JMIR¦RNOK
GNVJIQ>NNXVGNFNV!IGLMHV¦RMGVLNOPOGVWKRXNVDGVI\
GNVWXN@PQaQV¦@/R,XYN6MHTGtMÑ+NIRU2UNÐJ6$IL1\VRNNV=D
OVH6DXVJOM\ODQV¦NL]SNMGMXNYN6MIO>NNXNWNMKM>NNJ6IG@
†YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGVLNOGPQaQV¦J6$Ê2I'U[U
YX@YR\NVGXU)NNLMHV¦RMGVY8OVRGNVDGVODQV¦NNVDGNVOTXXV
GV`NMN@HT!VEOFNUGKYN6MOH!L]N,UJNVXV\[KIGLMHV¦RMGK
NVWXNGNVG6OVLJSNXVDYN6MLMHV¦RMYLXKNVWXNGNVL][9GMXV
YN6MLZMNGMXVJVUTG6OVJHVDWKRXHVD\VS\UNJ6$
LMHV¦RMGV\NV[IGOL]GNMEOO5GNVYLXVWKRXHVD[]JN
GMUVJ6D YN6MIGOL]GNMRVG/R[K=PQaQ¦V GVI\YLXNWKRX
IFUNUVJ6DJQV>NXNOSHTSY5DUYNXDQGKFNUJ6$†YN:\LKL<O
SS=HVDJMIR¦RNOKOVRGJ6Ê$JHNMNFNV!IR¦RNIONVDGNVLMHV¦RM
`NMNIXT'UOVRGNE=HVDIR¦RNIONVDGNVHT'UGMXNYN6MOTOI7WU
GMXNJ6$YNLGKOVRGNE= HVD VOKFNUDV ¦NNIH\JNVD[KIW8JVD YNL
G\KIONHVDYN6MODONMHDVGMUVJ6D GNMNVFNMHVD@>NV\GZQHVD@I¦N^NN
^NV HVD@G\NYNIQHVD$YNLGVI\LMHV¦RMGNPQaQV¦G\KION
UGOKIHUXJKDJ6$
YN[VFGMYNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGV/R,XGNV)NNH\VD
YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGVPQaQV¦GVYXTONMWKXVOVFGM
WKXV GV I\YN6MGNVE= cDSNNFVJUMPQaQV¦XJKD J6$/R[K=
FT\NJ9GNYXTOMNGMXVYN6MLZMNGMXVGVFMNFMODUNVNYN6MIGOK
FNUOVL]N,UXJKDJNVOGUN$LMHV¦RMGVON)NS\XVYN6MIWXFNUNVD
GKNVWXNPOXVYNLGVI\FXNE=J6P8JDVLZMNGMXVOVFGMYN6M
GNVE= ONJIOGGN= XJKD J6$

1
 LIMS

JJHV¦NNJKYNONXXJKD JNV[N$YNLGV HN[= HVD LJN0 JNVD[V

IW8JDVYNLGNVJ9NXNJNV[N@GT1QT9N5HNYNDVLMYN6M\NV[NVDLM+NKW
LNXNJNV[NWNVYNLGVHN[=HVDGNR9\NOGUVJ6DLMDUTPOGVON)N
FXVMJDV YN6MYNLQV>NV[
D V IGLMHV¦RMGN/R,XYNLGVI\RN/UIRGUN
FXWN[N$
YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGV/R,XGNYXTOMNGMUVOH
YLXKEON NGNYNXDQP%N$

2
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

1
;g le>uk fd ijes’oj ds ikl
vkids thou ds fy, ,d mn~ns’; gS
1-1 ijes’oj ;kstuk] mn~ns’;] ifjdYiuk vkSj y{; dk
ijes’oj gS
+NWX
;gksok dh ;qfDr loZnk fLFkj jgsxh] mlds eu dh dYiuk,a ih<+h ls
ih<+h rd cuh jgsaxhA

LMHV¦RMNVWXN@PQaQV¦@LIMG<LXNYN6M\^NVD GNLMHV¦RMJ6$
LMHV¦SMHXHNXVD[OVGN=XJKDGMUN$
L]VIMUNVDGVGNH
;g ogh izHkq dgrk gS tks txr dh mRifÙk ls bu ckrksa dk lekpkj
nsrk vk;k gSA

¦NNNJ
eSa rks vUr dh ckr vkfn ls vkSj izkphudky ls ml ckr dks crkrk
vk;k gwa tks vc rd ugha gqbZA eSa dgrk gwa] esjh ;qfDr fLFkj jgsxh
vkSj eSa viuh bPNk dks iwjh d:axkA

LMHV¦RMYNMD+NOVYDUGNVWNXUNJ6$RJN NGVYNMD+NHVDHDIW\
GNVWNXUNJ6YN6MJWNXUNJ6IGRJNDG6OVWND$

1-2 ijes’oj ds ikl ,d mn~ns’; gS & ^lkekU; mn~ns’;*

;k ^ekLVj Iyku( tks og bl i`Foh ij vkt iwjk dj jgk
gS

3
 JOH!XNIGLMHV¦RMGV LNOYNLGV WKRXGV I\GPQaQV¦J6

EI4IONVD  
9
fd mlus viuh bPNk dk Hksn ml lqefr ds vuqlkj gesa crk;k ftls
mlus vius vki esa Bku fy;k Fkk] 10fd le;ksa ds iwjs gksus dk ,slk
izcU/k gks fd tks dqN LoxZ esa gS] vkSj tks dqN i`Foh ij gS] lc dqN
og elhg esa ,d= djsA 11mlh esa ftlesa ge Hkh mlh dh eulk ls tks
viuh bPNk ds er ds vuqlkj lc dqN djrk gS] igys ls Bgjk,
tkdj ehjkl cus] 12rkfd ge ftUgksaus igys ls elhg ij vk’kk j[kh
Fkh] mldh efgek dh Lrqfr ds dkj.k gksaA

EI4IONVD 
ml lukru eulk ds vuqlkj] tks mlus gekjs izHkq elhg ;h’kq esa dh
FkhA

GOXNUXPQaQV¦J6IWOVLMHV¦RMLC)RKLML][9GMMJNYN6M
YH\HVD \NMJNJ6$EOV JHLMHV¦RMGNAHN/9M,\NX ÑL]HT>N
NVWXNÐGJUVJ6DIWOVRJYNWLC)RKLMLZMNGMMJNJ6$
LMHV¦RMGNHN/9M,\NX\NV[NVDGNVPNMHVD\NXNJ6@UNIGRV
O5GV .NXGNV L]N,UGMVD YN6MPOGV LT L]+NT K¦NT HOKJGK
OHNXUNGNVL]N,UGMVD$
UKHTI)NTO@
3
D;ksafd gekjk mins’k u Hkze ls gS] vkSj u v’kq)rk ls] vkSj u Ny
ds lkFk gS] 4ijarq tSlk ijes’oj us gesa ;ksX; Bgjkdj lqlekpkj
lkSaik] ge oSlk gh o.kZu djrs gSa( vkSj blesa euq";ksa dks ugha] ijUrq
ijes’oj dks] tks gekjs euksa dks tkaprk gS] izlé djrs gSaA

1-3 ijes’oj ds ikl vkids fy, ,d mn~ns’; gS & ^,d

fof'k"V ;kstuk*

4
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

+NWX
rsjh vka[kksa us esjs csMkSy rRo dks ns[kk( vkSj esjs lc vax tks fnu fnu
curs tkrs Fks os jps tkus ls igys rsjh iqLrd esa fy[ks gq, FksA

+NWXÑHVOVWFNEF\Ð
rsjh vka[kksa us esjs csMkSy rRo dks ns[kk( vkSj esjs lc vax tks fnu fnu
curs tkrs Fks os jps tkus ls igys rsjh iqLrd esa fy[ks gq, FksA

G>NT\KIGUNFGVOHNX@UZXVHT!V[+N=NNMNOVW8HGVOHUG
FUVQV>NNHVMVWKRXGKO+NKYR/)NNDUVMVOH^N>NT\KJTE=)NKD@HVMV
GIQX+NKWKXVOVLJ\VHVMVWKRXGVIQXUVMVONHXVU6NM)NV$
LMHV¦RMGVLNOYNLGVWKRXGKYI8UHLMV>NNÑ&\ZIL]89Ð
J6$LMHV¦RMGVLNOYNLGVWKRXGVI\/R,XJ6$
POXVGPQaQV¦OVYNLGNVIOMWNJ6$POXVYNLGKEOI\
G<LXNGKUNIGYNLPOPQaQ¦V GNVLZMNGMXVNV;FXVD WNVPOGV
HXHVDYNLGVI\J6$
I4I\I,LNVD 
;g eryc ugha fd eSa ik pqdk gaw] ;k fl) gks pqdk gwa( ijarq ml
inkFkZ dks idM+us ds fy, nkSM+k pyk tkrk gwa ftlds fy, elhg ;h’kq
us eq>s idM+k FkkA

JNDLMAIWOGVI\ J6IWOGVI\HOKJK¦NTXVYNLGNVLG0N
J6$YNLGVI\POGVLNOGNVWXNJ6@PQaQV¦J6
EI4IONVD 
vkSj izsfjrksa vkSj Hkfo";}Drkvksa dh uso ij ftlds dksus dk iRFkj
elhg ;h’kq Lo;a gh gS] cuk, x, gksA

5
 JOH!XNIGLMHV¦RMGV LNOYNLGV WKRXGV I\GPQaQV¦J6

GT1A+N\VGNH J6DIW8JVDLMHV¦RMXVYNLGVI\LJ\VOVU6NMIGN
J6IGYNLP8JVDLC)RKLMLZMNGMVD$
GT1/)NNXJ6DWJNDLMLMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IGYNLWNDGT1
\NV[J6DIWXGVWKRXNVDGNVYNL1ZDGT1WKRXNVDGNVYNLL]+NNIRU
GMVDGT1GNHNVDGNVYNLLZMNGMVD
NJMNVDGNVFQ\VD@MN9‘NVDGNVIJ\NGM
M>NQVD
WKRXWKXNYNONXJ6 LMHV¦RMXVYNLGVWKRXGVI\'N
NVWXNFXNE=J6@POVWNXVDYN6MPOHVDS\VD
LMHV¦RMXVYNLGNV†YLXKHXONGVYXTONMÊFT\NNJ6$YNLGNV
POGVPQaQ¦V NVD GNVLZMNGMXVJVUTLMHV¦RMGVON)N+NN[KJNVXV GVI\
FT\NN[NJ6$JGYQa+NTUO5J6$JHYLXVPQaQV¦GVI\
XJKDWKMJVJ6D LMDUTGP3SPQaQV¦GVI\ †POGVPQaQV¦
NHXONGVI\Ê
POGVPQaQV¦GVON)N@POPQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVJVUTPOGN
YXT[]JYNUNJ6$POGKE=¦RMKFT\NJ9GV ON)NRJJHV¦NNJHVD
E=¦RMKYINGNML]QNXGMUNJ6$POGNPQaQV¦YN6MYXT[]JJHVD
†HOKJK¦NTHVDÊIQN[NJ6$GVR\WFJHHOKJGVLNOYNUVJ6D@
UFJHPOGVPQaQV¦NVDGNVLZMNGMXVHVDLMHV¦RMGVON)N+NN[KJNVXV
GKI/)NIUHVDMJUVJ6D$
JHNMVI\LMHV¦RMGKIRI
N9NVWXNPOGVHN/9M,\NXGN
G+NN[J6$WFYNLYNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV IRI
N9
PQaQ¦V GNVLZMNGMXVGNL]NOGMV[
D @V UFYNLLC)RKLMLMHV¦RMGV
ONHN8PQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVHVDOJNGFXVD[V$

6
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

1-4 gekjs fy, ijes’oj dh ;kstuk ges’kk Hkyh gksrh gS!

IH=NJ
D;ksafd ;gksok dh ;g ok.kh gS] fd tks dYiuk,a eSa rqEgkjs fo"k; djrk
gaw mUgsa eSa tkurk gaw] os gkfu dh ugha] oju dq’ky gh dh gSa] vkSj vUr
esa rqEgkjh vk’kk iwjh d:axkA

MNVIHNVD
vkSj ge tkurs gSa fd tks yksx ijes’oj ls izse j[krs gSa] muds fy,
lc ckrsa feydj HkykbZ gh dks mRié djrh gSa( vFkkZr~ mUgha ds fy,
tks mldh bPNk ds vuqlkj cqyk, gq, gSaA

YNLGV HXHVD JYIRS\+NMNVONM>NVD$YNLGV I\LMHV¦RMGK

NVWXN+N\KJ6
LMHV¦RMYNLGKYNVMJ6@YNLGVIRMNVNHVDXJKDJ6$YNLGVI\
POGK NVWXND JHV¦NN +N\NE= GK  YNLGV A¦NN\NVH  ÑG<NN@
/RN/)@OHCK@O4\UN@
NNDIUÐJ6D$YNLGVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXN
OVFVJUMGT1XJKDJ6

1-5 ijes’oj dh ;kstuk dks iwjk djus gsrq gesa mlds

lkFk lg;ksx djuk gS
GTIMI8)NNVD
D;ksafd ge ijes’oj ds lgdehZ gaS( rqe ijes’oj dh [ksrh vkSj
ijes’oj dh jpuk gksA

JHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNGNLZMNJNVXN/RUXJKD
JNVUN$JHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNGNVLZMNGMXVJVUT
JHVD LMHV¦RM GV ON)N OJNV[ GMXN J6$ JHNMV WKRXNVD GV I\
LMHV¦RMGKVNVWXNYN6MPQaQ¦V GNLZMNJNVXNJHLMIX+N=MJ6$GT1

7
 JOH!XNIGLMHV¦RMGV LNOYNLGV WKRXGV I\GPQaQV¦J6

\NV[G+NKLMHV¦RMGKNVWXNGVYXTONMGN=GMXNYNM(+VNXJKD
GMUV$GT1\NV[POGKNVWXNGNHN G1NV9NL]IU¦NULZMNGMUV
J6D$FNEF\GJUKJ6IGLV]IMULN6\TOXV†YLXKQN60LZMKGK$Ê
LMHV¦RM/R[=HVD POGKE31NL]G9GMUNJ6$LMDUTRJLC)RKLMPOV
LZMNGMXVJVUTPOGV\NV[NDVGKYNVMQV>NUNJ6$

1-6 gesa vius thouksa ds fy, ijes’oj dh ;kstuk [kkstuk

vkSj mldk vuqlj.k djuk gS
WMKXJKD J6 IGJHNMV WKRXNVD GV I\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6M
PQaQV¦MJ/JNV
GT1\NV[NVD GKJMNJ6IGLMHV¦RMGKE31NEUXKMJ/H
J6IGJHPOVWNXXJKDOGUVJLZN=LOVYO5J6
LMHV¦RMYLXKE31NGNVL]G9GMXVGVI\ JHNMVWKRXNVD GV
I\POGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GNVL]G9GMXVGVI\E31TGJ6
IQJHPOGVI\POGK>NNVWHDV\[VMJXVGVI\U6NMJ6D
UNV$
JHPXXN6AHN[=Q¦N=G/U(+NNVD GVIR¤NHDVOK>NVD[VWNVJHNMV
WKRXNVD GV I\LMHV¦RMGV HN[=Q¦N=XYN6MIXQV=¦NGNV LJSNXXV HVD
JHNMKOJNUNGMVD[V$
• LMHV¦RMGVRSXGKYNHI¦N^NNYN6MIXQV=¦NLJSNXXN
• YNLGVWKRXGVAFKWNVD GNVLJSNXXN
• YLXV+NKUMGKOM[HK=GNVLJSNXXN
• YNLGNVQK[E=LMHV¦RMGKfLNGNVLJSNXXN
• LIMI/)NIUNVDGNVLJSNXXN

8
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

• LMHV¦RMGVYN5HNGKY[TRNE=GNVLJSNXXN
• E=¦RMKFTIYN6MLMNH¦N=GNVLJSNXXN
• OHYN6MOTYROMNVDGNVLJSNXXN
• LMHV¦RM GN YNLGV WKRX HVD GN= GMXV GN UMKGN
LJSNXXN
1-7 ijes’oj dh ;kstuk vkSj mn~ns’; dks iwjk djus gsrq
ijes’oj vkidks rS;kj djsxk
YNLGK U6NMK IWUXK LIMLZN= JNV[K@ PUXK JK YNLGK O4\UN
OD+NRXKJNV[K$
U6NMKGNOHG+NKFFN=QXJKDJNVUN$
FT\NJ9IWUXKF0KJNV[K@PUXKF0KU6NMKYNR¦GJ6$

1-8 ge xyfr;ka dj ldrs gSa & ijarq gekjh vlQyrkvksa

ij fot; ikus esa vkSj mldh cqykgV dks iwjk djus esa
ijes’oj gekjh lgk;rk dj ldrk gS
IWOGHWNVMKLMYNLIRWXJKD LNOGUV POV
N6UNXYNLGV
IRMNVNHVDE/UVHN\GMV[N$
LMHV¦RMOHOVF0NJ6$LMHV¦RMJHNMK[\IUNVDOVF0NJ6$
UKHTI)NTO 
4
vkSj vius dku lR; ls Qsjdj dFkk&dgkfu;ksa ij yxk,axsA 5ijarq
rw lc ckrksa esa lko/kku jg] nq[k mBk] lqlekpkj izpkj dk dke dj
vkSj viuh lsok dks iwjk djA 6D;ksafd vc eSa v?kZ ds leku maMsyk
tkrk gwa] vkSj esjs dwp dk le; vk igqapk gSA

9
 JOH!XNIGLMHV¦RMGV LNOYNLGV WKRXGV I\GPQaQV¦J6

LV]IMULN6\TOGMKFL6UKORN==GKPH]HVDL]+NTK¦NTGVLNOYNN@I4M
+NKPOXVGJNIGPOXVYLXKQN60LZMKGKJ6$LMHV¦RMGKFT\NJ9
GNVLZMNGMXVGVI\PH]FNNNXJKDFXUK$
UKHTI)NTO
ftlus gekjk m)kj fd;k] vkSj ifo= cqykgV ls cqyk;k] vkSj ;g
gekjs dkeksa ds vuqlkj ugha] ijarq viuh eulk vkSj ml vuqxzg ds
vuqlkj gS] tks elhg ;h’kq esa lukru ls ge ij gqvk gSA

LMHV¦RMIOLN NVDGNVXJKD>NNVWMJNJ6$RJOHIL=ULN NVDGNVDZ

MJNJ6$
GTIMI8)NNVD
ijUrq gekjs ikl ;g /ku feêh ds cjruksa esa j[kk gS] fd ;g vlhe
lkeFkZ gekjh vksj ls ugha] oju~ ijes’oj gh dh vksj ls BgjsA

JJHNMV`NMNGN=GMXVRN\KLMHV¦RMGKONH)N=J6$JHIH9a9K
GVFU=XJ6D$

1-9 ijes’oj ds mn~ns’; dks iwjk djus ls 'kSrku gesa

jksdus dk gj rjg iz;kl djsxk
LMHV¦RM`NMNIQN[N/R,XJHV¦NNQT9N5HNYNDVGVIRMNVNGNONHXN
GMV[N$
IR\(FJHV¦NNLMHV¦RMGKYNVMOVXJKDJNVUVÑQNIXÃV\ Ð$

N6UNXYNLGVYN¦S=GHNV=DHVDIR\(FGMXVGNL]NOGMUNJ6YN6M
EOL]GNMLMHV¦RMGKORNV=3SYN6MORNV=¿NHNVWXNUGLJTDSXVHVD
YNLGKE31NGNVIXF=\GMQVUNJ6$

10
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

1-10 gesa ijes’oj dh cqykgV ij viuk /;ku yxk,

jguk gS
IRGN=NNNXFD9WNXN WFJHNMNNXIF>NMWNUNJ6@UNV
EOGNLIMNNHJHNMNOHYN6M
NI'UFFN=QJNVWNUKJ6$LMHV¦RM
XVGJN@†XUNVQNIJXKYNVMHT0XN@YN6MXFNE=YNVMYLXVLNDRGNV
FTMNE=GVHN[=LMS\XVOVJ9N\VÊÑXKIURSXÐ$

1-11 geesa /khjt gksuk pkfg,

IRWGN/RNQYNLGVOD"NN=OVLMVFXNMJUNJ6ÑHNE=GH0NV=GÐ$
YNLGNNKMW
N6UNXGV HXNVF\GNV GHWNVMGMQVUNJ6 ÑHNE=G
H0NV=GÐ$

11
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

2
vkids thou ds fy, ijes’oj ds
mn~ns’; dks igpkuuk
EI4IONVD  
15
blfy, /;ku ls ns[kks] fd dSlh pky pyrs gks( fucqZf);ksa ds leku
ugha] ij cqf)ekuksa ds leku pyksA 16vkSj volj dks cgqewY; le>ks]
D;ksafd fnu cqjs gSaA 17bl dkj.k fucZqf) u gks] ijarq /;ku ls le>ks]
fd izHkq dh bPNk D;k gS\

LIR 
NN/ JHVDFUNUNJ6IGJHL]+NTGKE31NGNVOH!VDÑHNXIOG
UN6MLMOH!VDÐ
JHOH!OGUVJ6DIGL]+NTGKE31N'NJ6
GT\TI/ONVD 
9
blh fy, ftl fnu ls ;g lquk gS] ge Hkh rqEgkjs fy, ;g izkFkZuk
djus vkSj fcurh djus ls ugha pwdrs fd rqe lkjs vkfRed Kku vkSj
le> lfgr ijes’oj dh bPNk dh igpku esa ifjiw.kZ gks tkvks] 10rkfd
rqEgkjk pky&pyu izHkq ds ;ksX; gks] vkSj og lc izdkj ls izlé gks]
vkSj rqeesa gj izdkj ds Hkys dkeksa dk Qy yxs] vkSj rqe ijes’oj dh
igpku esa c<+rs tkvks] 11vkSj mldh efgek dh 'kfDr ds vuqlkj lc
izdkj dh lkeFkZ ls cyoUr gksrs tkvks] ;gka rd fd vkuUn ds lkFk
gj izdkj ls /khjt vkSj lgu’khyrk fn[kk ldksA

POGKE31NGV.NXOVLIMLZN=JNVXNOD+NRJ6$JHHVDOVIGOKGNV
+NKJHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGKE31NGVODFDNHDV†YDNGNMHVD
MJXVÊGKWMUXJKDJ6$

12
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

POGKE31NWNXXVGVI\FTIYN6MYNI5HGOH!GKYNR¦GUN
J6$
POGKE31NWNXXVGVFNQJH
• POGVNV;SN\S\OGUVJ6D
• POVL]O8XGMXVRN\NWKRXIFUNOGUVJ6D
• JM+N\VGNHHVDO4\JNVOGUVJ6D
• POGV.NXHVDFOGUVJ6D
GTIMI8)NNVD@
9
ijUrq tSlk fy[kk gS fd tks vka[k us ugha ns[kh] vkSj dku us ugha
lquh] vkSj tks ckrsa euq"; ds fpÙk esa ugha p<+h] os gh gSa tks ijes’oj
us vius izse j[kusokyksa ds fy, rS;kj dh gSaA 10ijUrq ijes’oj us
mudks vius vkRek ds }kjk ge ij izxV fd;k( D;ksafd vkRek lc
ckrsa] oju~ ijes’oj dh xw<+ ckrsa Hkh tkaprk gSA

LMHV¦RMXVPOGV\NV[JNVXVGVXNUVYN6M2I'UNVDGVLHVDJHNMV
I\GT1FNUNVDGKNVWXNGKJ6$LIR YN5HNP8JDVJHLML]G9
GMUNJ6$
GTIMI8)NNVD
D;ksafd izHkq dk eu fdlus tkuk gS fd mls fl[kyk,\ ijUrq geesa
elhg dk eu gSA

YN5HNGVL]G9GMXVRN\VGN=GKRWJOVJHHVDHOKJGNHX
J6$JHHOKJGVIRSNM@NVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GNVWNXUVJ6D$
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GNV YNL
)NN)N=LOV@LZN=LOVYN6M/L9LOVWNXOGUVJD6$

13
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

YNLGNVYDNV2I'UGVOHNXWKRXHVD99NV\UVJTS\XVGKWMU
XJKD J6@WNV IGLMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦OV LZN= LOV
YLIMISUJNV$YNLL]+NTGKE31NOH!OGUVJ6D$YNLPOGKE31N
GV .NXOV +NMOGUV J6D$IWXFNUNVD GNV POXV YNLGV I\U6NM
IGNJ6@P8JDVYNLWNXOGUVJ6D$YNL†HOKJGVHXÊYXTONMS\
OGUV J6D$
XKIURSX
ijUrq /kfeZ;ksa dh pky ml pedrh gqbZ T;ksfr ds leku gS] ftldk
izdk’k nksigj rd vf/kd vf/kd c<+rk jgrk gSA

GE=HNH\NVD HV@D JHNMVWKRXNVD GVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQ¦V 

GNL]GN¦NXIHGJNVUNJ6$
EF]NIXNVD 
fo’okl gh ls bczkghe tc cqyk;k x;k rks vkKk ekudj ,slh txg
fudy x;k] ftls ehjkl esa ysusokyk Fkk] vkSj ;g u tkurk Fkk fd
eSa fd/kj tkrk gwa( rkSHkh fudy x;kA

WNVGQHYNLFNDVONRJSNJUNJ6@POHDVWFYNLLMHV¦RMGK
YN.NGNVHNXVD[V@UFOJKOHLMRJY[\NGQHYNLLML]G9
GMV[N$
P5LI¿N
/kU; gS esjs Lokeh bczkghe dk ijes’oj ;gksok] fd mlus viuh d#.kk
vkSj lPpkbZ dks esjs Lokeh ij ls gVk ugha fy;k% ;gksok us eq>dks
Bhd ekxZ ij pykdj esjs Lokeh ds HkkbZcU/kqvksa ds ?kj ij igqapk fn;k
gSA

WFJHHN[=LMYN[VFUVJ6D IWOIQ¦NNHDVLMHV¦RMJHVD\VWNXN
SNJUNJ6@POHDVWFJHFUVJ6D UFL]+NTJHDVPOGKNVWXNYN6M
PQaQV¦HDVYN6MYN[V\VS\UNJ6$
14
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

JHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GNVJHG6OV
LJSNXOGUVJ6D?JHXN6HN[=Q¦N=GU5RNVDGKSSN=GMVD[VWNVJHNMV
I\OJNGJNVD[V$
IRI+N8XOHNVDHVDLMHV¦RMEXHVDOVGNQNVHN[=Q¦N=GU5RNVDGN
PLNV[GMV[NUNIGRJYNLGNVHN[=IQ>NNIWOHDVRJSNJUNJ6
IGYNLS\VD$
• LMHV¦RMGVRSXGKYNHI¦N^NNYN6MIXQV=¦NGNVLJSNXXN
• YNLGVWKRXGVAFKWNVD GNVLJSNXXN
• YLXV+NKUMGKOM[HK=GNVLJSNXXN
• YNLGNVQK[E=LMHV¦RMGKfLNGNVLJSNXXN
• LIMI/)NIUNVDGNVLJSNXXN
• LMHV¦RMGVYN5HNGKY[TRNE=GNVLJSNXXN
• E=¦RMKFTIYN6MLMNH¦N=GNVLJSNXXN
• OHYN6MOTYROMNVDGNVLJSNXXN
• LMHV¦RMGVYNLGVWKRXHVDGN=GMXVGVUMKGVGNVLJSNXXN
2-1 ijes’oj ds opu dh vke f’k{kk vkSj funsZ’k dks
igpkusa
UKHTI)NTO@
16
gj ,d ifo= ’kkL= ijes’oj dh izsj.kk ls jpk x;k gS vkSj mins’k]
vkSj le>kus] vkSj lq/kkjus] vkSj /keZ dh f’k{kk ds fy, ykHknk;d gSA
17
rkfd ijes’oj dk tu fl) cus] vkSj gj ,d Hkys dke ds fy,
rRij gks tk,A

JHNMVWKRXNVD GVI\LMHV¦RMGKY[TRNE=YN6MIXQV=¦NJHV¦NNLMHV¦RM
GVI\I>NURSXGVYXTONMJNVD[V$
15
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

MNVIHNDV
vkSj bl lalkj ds ln`'k u cuks] ijUrq rqEgkjh cqf) ds u, gks tkus
ls rqEgkjk pky&pyu Hkh cnyrk tk,] ftlls rqe ijes’oj dh Hkyh]
vkSj Hkkorh] vkSj fl) bPNk vuqHko ls ekywe djrs jgksA

AHN\ZHGMUV MJNV dokimazoÑZXNXKÐGNY)N= J6 LM>NXN$

dokimazo J
N&Q YNH UN6M LM NNUTYNVD GK WNDS GMXV GK
L]IN@P8JDVYN[HDVWNDSXVGKL]INYNIQFNUNVDGVI\\N[ZJNVUN
J6$EOI\EOGNY)N=>NNVWXN@ONVSIRSNMGMXN@OTIXI¦SUGMXN
+NKJNVUNJ6$JNDLMEOGNY)N=JKJ6$Y)N=JJ6IGLMHV¦RMGK
E31NGNV O4\UNLZR=GWNX\VXV GV I\XIRXKGMNL]N,UFTI
YNR¦GJ6$
HXGNXIRXKGMNHVMVI\JONIFUGMXVJVUTYNR¦GJ6IG
LMHV¦RMGVONHXV'N+N\N@/RKGNMNKYN6MIOJ6$
JLQXJKDIO>NNUNIGLMHV¦RMGKE31NGKUKXIRI+N8X-VINND
J6D$NUNVPOGKE31NJNV[KNXJNV[K$LMHV¦RMGKE31NJHV¦NN
+N\K@[]JNNV;YN6MIOJNVUKJ6$
+N\KGNY)N=J6P¿NH@OM\@YNQMNV;$
[]JNNV;GNY)N=J6LZN=LOVYXTG\
Z @WNVLMHV¦RMGNVL]O8XUNQNG
JNV[KNIWOVRJLODQGMV[N$
IOGNY)N=J6LZN=@IWOHVDGNVE=QNVNNGHKXJKDJ66$
WNVSKW+N\K@+NNRUKYN6MIOJ6@RJKPOGKE31NJ6$
XIRXKGMNL]N,UFTIUTMDULM>NUKJ6ÑIR
\VNNGMUKJ6@ONIFU
GMUKJ6@LJSNXUKJ6ÐIGGNVE=FNU+N\K@[]JNNV;YN6MIOJ6

16
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

NXJKDYN6MPOGV`NMNJIXNN=IMUGMUKJ6IGRJLMHV¦RMGK
E31NJ6NXJKD$
EI4IONVDALM>NXN dokimazoÑZXNXKÐGNY)N=J6WNDSXN$
GNVE=FNULMHV
RMGVI\L]O8XGMXVNV;J6NXJKDPOVQV>NXV
GVI\WNVHT>WNDSNGON69KGNJHPLNV[GMUVJ6D@RJJ6
'NRJLMHV
RMGVRSXGVYXTONMJ6$
EF]NIXNDV
ijarq vé l;kuksa ds fy, gS] ftuds KkusfUnz; vH;kl djrs djrs]
Hkys cqjs esa Hksn djus ds fy, iDds gks x, gSaA

LMHV¦RMGVRSXGVIXMDUMPLNV[GV`NMNYNLYLXVEDIQ]NVDÑYD[NDVÐ
GNVL]I¦NI^NUGMOGUVJ6DIGRV+N\VYN6MFTMVGVFKS4G=GMOGVD
YN6MEO4G=GNVOM\UNOVLJSNXOGVD$
EOI\IXMDUMLMHV¦RMGVRSXGNVLXNYN6MLMHV¦RMGVRSXGNV
JHNMVWKRXNVDGNHJ5RLZN=+NN[FXNXNY5DUHJ5RLZN=J6$

O;ogkfjd mnkgj.k
fookg
P5LI5U
bl dkj.k iq#"k vius ekrk firk dks NksM+dj viuh iRuh ls feyk
jgsxk vkSj os ,d gh ru cusa jgsaxsA

GTIMI8)NNVD @
14
vfo’okfl;ksa ds lkFk vleku tw, esa u tqrks] D;ksafd /kkfeZdrk vkSj
v/keZ dk D;k esy tksy\ ;k T;ksfr vkSj vU/kdkj dh D;k laxfr\
15
vkSj elhg dk cfy;ky ds lkFk D;k yxko\ ;k fo’oklh ds lkFk
vfo’oklh dk D;k ukrk\
17
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

YNHNVO
;fn nks euq"; ijLij lger u gksa] rks D;k os ,d lax py ldsaxs\

LMHV¦RMGKE31NJJ6IGYNLIR¦RNOKOVIRRNJGMVD$

rykd
H\NGK
D;ksafd blzk,y dk ijes’oj ;gksok ;g dgrk gS] fd eSa L=h&R;kx ls
?k`.kk djrk gwa] vkSj mlls Hkh tks vius oL= dks minzo ls <kairk gSA
blfy;s rqe viuh vkRek ds fo"k; esa pkSdl jgks vkSj fo’okl?kkr er
djks] lsukvksa ds ;gksok dk ;gh opu gSA

LMHV¦RMGNVU\NGLODQXJKDJ6$

v/keZ ds dke
EI4IONVD 
pksjh djusokyk fQj pksjh u djs( oju Hkys dke djus esa vius gkFkksa
ls ifjJe djs( blfy, fd ftls vko’;drk gks] mls nsus dks mlds
ikl dqN gksA

+NWX
og esjh th esa th ys vkrk gSA /keZ ds ekxksaZ esa og vius uke ds
fufeRr esjh vxqokbZ djrk gSA

LMHV¦RMG+NKA+N\VGNHGMXVGVI\ LNLGMXVJVUTYNLGKY[TRNE=
XJKD GMV[N$

18
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

2-2 vkids thou ds ^chtksa* dks igpkusa

HMGTO 
26
fQj mlus dgk] ßijes’oj dk jkT; ,slk gS] tSls dksbZ euq"; Hkwfe
ij cht NhaVsA 27ßvkSj og jkr dks lks tkrk gS vkSj fnu dks tkxrk
gS( vkSj og cht ,sls mxrk gS vkSj c<+rk gS fd og ugha tkurkA
28
i`Foh vki gh Qy ykrh gS] igys vadqj] rc cky] vkSj rc ckyksa esa
rS;kj nkukA 29ßijUrq tc nkuk id tkrk gS] rc og rqjUr gafl;k
yxkrk gS] D;ksafd dVuh vk igqaph gSA 30fQj mlus dgk] ßge ijes’oj
ds jkT; dh miek fdl ls nsa] vkSj fdl n`"VkUr ls mldk o.kZu djsa\
31
ßog jkbZ ds nkus ds leku gS] fd tc Hkwfe esa cks;k tkrk gS rks Hkwfe
ds lc chtksa ls NksVk gksrk gSA 32ßijUrq tc cks;k x;k] rks mxdj lc
lkx&ikr ls cM+k gks tkrk gS vkSj mldh ,slh cM+h Mkfy;ka fudyrh
gS fd vkdk’k ds i{kh mldh Nk;k esa clsjk dj ldrs gSaAÞ

LMHV
RMYLXV†FKWIONDUÊGVYXTONMGN=GMUNJ6$
JH†FKWÊ
N&QGNPLNV[PXFNUNDVGNP<\V>NGMXVJVUTGMUVJ6D
IW8JVDFSLXHDVJKYNLGVWKRXHVDFNVN[NJ6 WNVFNQHVDYNLGV
`NMNIGWNXVRN\VGE=IXN=NVDYN6MSTXNRNVDGNVL]+NNIRUGMXV\[V$
AFKW IR
NVN[TNNVDNYI+NISNVDGNVFSLXHVDJKLJSNX\VXNJNV
OGUNJ6$RVGT1IR
NVNYROMJNVOGUVJ6DWNVWKRXGKL]NMDI+NG
YR/)NNHVDYNLGVHN[=HVDYN$FNGKAFKWNVDHVD IR
NVNODLG=ÑIWX
\NV[NVDGNVLMHV
RMYNLGVWKRXHVD\NUNJ6Ð@/R,X@+NIR`NNKGN

N&QYNIQFNUNVDGNOHNRV
NJNVOGUNJ6$
mnkgj.k %
;wlqQ FSLXHVDZOT4XV/R,XQV>NVWNVEOFNUGNODGVU)NV
IG+NIRHDV'NJNV[NÑP5LI¿NÐ$

19
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

HZON LMHV¦RMXVY\N6IGGMKIUOVHZONGVI\JL]FDNIGN
IGPOVI4MN6XGVHJ\HVDIO>NNNYN6ML]I¦NI^NUIGNWN$HZON
GVWKRXHVDJLMHV¦RMGVAYNI5HGHTGtMÑ+NIRU2UNÐGNFKW
)NNÑLV]IMUNVDGVGNHÐ$
QNcQ +NIR`'UN
NHZ\XV FSLXHDV JKQNcQGNYI+NNVG
IGN Ñ
NHZ\ Ð$ FSLX HDV JK@ QNcQ GNV G GT¦N\
OD[KUGNM@F\RNXNVN@YLXVHN[NV=HDVFTIHNXYN6MOTDQM2I'U
GVLHDVLJSNXN[NÑ
NHZ\Ð$EXAFKWNVD XVWNVGT1
QNcQFXNYN6MWNVPOXVYLXVWKRXHDVLZMNIGN@POGVYXTL
QNcQGNVN\N$
/UVM /UVMGKOTDQMUNPOGNAFKW )NNIWOXVPOVMNXKFXXV
GKNV;UNL]QNXGK$JZQK\NV[NVDGVI\EOFKWXVPOVG
L]+NNR¦NN\KHIJ\NGN/)NNXL]QNXIGN$
YNLGVWKRXHDVAYNI5HGHTGtMÑ+NIRU2UNÐGVFKWNVD GNVLJSNXVDV$
YNLGVWKRXGVFKWLMHV¦RMGKNVWXN@PQaQV¦YN6MYI+NIQ¦NNGV
ODFDNHVDYNLGNVODQV¦NQVMJVJ6D$

2-3 vius vanj dh ljxehZ dks igpkusa

XJV(NJ 
1
gdY;kg ds iq= ugsek;kg ds opuA chlos o"kZ ds fdlyos uke eghus
es] tc eS 'kw'ku uke jktx<+ esa jgrk Fkk] 2rc gukuh uke esjk ,d
HkkbZ vkSj ;gwnk ls vk, gq, dbZ ,d iq#"k vk,( rc eSus muls mu
cps gq, ;gwfn;ksa ds fo"k; tks caa/kqvkbZ ls NqV x, Fks] vkSj ;:'kyse
ds fo"k; esa iwNkA 3mUgksus eq>ls dgk] tks cps gq, yksx ca/kqvkbZ ls
NqVdj ml izkar esa jgrs gS] os cM+h nqnZ'kk esa iMs+ gSa] vkSj mudh fuank
gksrh gS( D;sakfd ;:'kyse dh 'kgjiukg VwVh gqbZ] vkSj mlds QkVd

20
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

tys gq, gSaA 4;s ckrs lqurs gh eSa cSBdj jksus yxk vkSj fdrus fnu
rd foyki djrk( vkSj LoxZ ds ijes'oj ds lEeq[k miokl djrk vksj
;g dgdj izkFkZuk djrk jgkA

XJV(NJ
rc eSa FkksMs+ iq#"kksa dks ysdj jkr dks mBk( eSaus fdlh dks ugh crk;k
fd esjs ijes'oj us ;:'kyse ds fgr ds fy, esjs eu esa D;k mitk;k
FkkA vkSj viuh lokjh ds i'kq dks NksM+ dksbZ i'kq esjs lax u FkkA

OD+NRUXJV(NJGVOHY8GE=\NV[)NVIW8JNVDXV
N\VHGK
Q
NNGVIRNHVDOTXN)NN@LMDUTXJV(NJXVWFX[MGKQKRNMNVDGV
IRXN
NGVIRNHVDOTXN@UFPOGVYDQM>N\F\KHS[E=$POGV
YDQMGT1J\S\HS[E= IWOXV POV
NJMGKQKRNMNVD GNV LTX
FXNXVLMIRR
NIGN$
XJV(NJXVLJSNXNIGEOJ\S\NOM[HK=GNVLMHV¦RMXVPOGV
kQHVD0N\NJ6$
L]N@JHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGNIXQV=¦NJHNMVkQNVDHVDG
YONHN8@IXMDUMYN6M[JMKJ\S\NOM[HK=GV`NMNYNUNJ6$
IGOKFNUGVIRNHVD+NNRZGJNVP%XVOVJOM[HK=YINGJNVUK
J6$+NNRXN5HGJ\S\HN6OHGVOHNXJNVUKJ6 RJFQ\UKJ6
YN6MIH9WNUKJ6$LMDUT/R[=OVYNXVRN\K>N\F\K[JMKJNVUKJ6$
RJ/)NNKJNVUKJ6@RJFNMFNM\N69GMYNUKJ6YN6M2I'UGNVGN=
GMXVLMHWFZMGMUKJ6
L]VIMUNVDGVGNH@
16
tc ikSyql vFksus esa mudh ckV tksg jgk Fkk] rks uxj dks ewjrksa ls
Hkjk gqvk ns[kdj mldk th ty x;kA 17blfy, og vkjk/kuky; esa
;gwfn;ksa vkSj HkDrksa ls vkSj pkSd esa tks yksx feyrs Fks] muls gj fnu
okn&fookn fd;k djrk FkkA
21
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

L]VIMUNVDGVGNH
tc lhykl vkSj rheqfFk;ql efdnqfu;k ls vk,] rks ikSyql opu lqukus
dh /kqu esa yxdj ;gwfn;ksa dks xokgh nsrk Fkk fd ;h’kq gh elhg gSA

kQGKIRI+N8X†+NKUMK+NNRXNYNVDÊLMNXQVD IWXHVD >N\F\K@

PGONWNXVYN6MIRR¦NIGWNXVGNJONOJNVUNJ6$EOL]GNM
GKkQGKY8QXK+NNRXNDLMHV¦RMGVkQHVDL][9JNVUKJ6D
WFYNLPOVHJOZOGMUVJ6DWNVRJHJOZOGMUNJ6@WFYNL
/R[=GV/LDQXGNVHJOZOGMUVJ6DYN6MGN=L]RNJNVWNUVJ6D$

2-4 ijes’oj }kjk vkidks tks vuqxzg fn;k x;k gS mls

igpkusa
2-4-1 u, fu;e esa ^vuqxzg* 'kCn n’kkZrk gS

2-4-1-1 bZ’ojh; vuqxzg

EI4IONVD 
D;ksafd fo’okl ds }kjk vuqxzg gh ls rqEgkjk m)kj gqvk gS] vkSj ;g
rqEgkjh vksj ls ugha] oju~ ijes’oj dk nku gSA

2-4-1-2 bZ’ojh; pfj=

LUMO
ijarq gekjs izHkq] vkSj m)kjdrkZ ;h’kq elhg ds vuqxzg vkSj igpku
esa c<+rs tkvksA

2-4-1-3 bZ’ojh; leFkZrk

EI4IONVD 
ijarq geesa ls gj ,d dks elhg ds nku ds ifjek.k ls vuqxzg feyk
gSA

22
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

GJKRMQNXGVIRI+N8XLIMHNNJNVOGUVJ6D$
MNVIHNVD 
4
D;ksafd tSls gekjh ,d nsg esa cgqr ls vax gaS] vkSj lc vaxksa dk ,d
gh lk dke ugha] 5oSlk gh ge tks cgqr gSa] elhg esa ,d nsg gksdj
vkil esa ,d nwljs ds vax gSaA 6vkSj tcfd ml vuqxzg ds vuqlkj
tks gesa fn;k x;k gS] gesa fHké&fHké ojnku feys gSa] rks ftldks
Hkfo";}k.kh dk nku feyk gks] og fo’okl ds ifjek.k ds vuqlkj
Hkfo";}k.kh djsA

• YNLGVWKRXGVRMQNXYNLGNVIQ[YXT[]JGVQ¦N=GJ6D$
• WNVRMQNXLMHV¦RMXVYNLGNVIQJ6D@PXGVYXTONMHOKJGK
QVJHVDGN=GMXVJVUTLMHV¦RMXVYNLGNVFXNNJ6$
• LMHV¦RMGV †RMQNXYN6MFT\NJ9ÊGON)NJNVUV J6D ÑMNVIHNVD
Ð$WFYNLGVLNORMQNXJNVUVJ6D@UFYNLWNXUVJ6DIG
YNLGNVPOIR
NVNGN=GNVGMXVGVI\FT\NN[NJ6$
• O+NKRMQNXAYNI5HG XJKDJNVUV$
EI4IONVD @@
1
blh dkj.k eSa ikSyql tks rqe vU;tkfr;ksa ds fy, elhg ;h’kq dk
cU/kqvk gawA 7vkSj eSa ijes’oj ds vuqxzg ds ml nku ds vuqlkj] tks
mldh lkeFkZ ds izHkko ds vuqlkj eq>s fn;k x;k] ml lqlekpkj dk
lsod cukA 8eq> ij tks lc ifo= yksxksa esa ls NksVs ls Hkh NksVk gwa]
;g vuqxzg gqvk fd eSa vU;tkfr;ksa dks elhg ds vxE; /ku dk
lqlekpkj lqukÅaA

• LMHV¦RMGNYXT[]JJHV¦NNYNLGNV IGOKFNUGV I\IQN

WNUNJ6 IRI
N9PQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVJVUT$PQNJMNGV
I\@FKHNMNVD@FTWT[NV=DNF3SNVDGKOVRNGVI\$

23
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

• LMHV¦RMXVYNLGNVIWXFNUNVDGVI\YXT[]JIQNJ6@PXHVD
YNLQV>NVD[VIGLMHV¦RMGKONH)N=YNLGVWKRXHVDL]+NNRKL
OVGN=GMUKJ6$
EI4IONVD  
7
ijarq geesa ls gj ,d dks elhg ds nku ds ifjek.k ls vuqxzg feyk
gSA 8blfy, og dgrk gS fd og Åaps ij p<+k] vkSj cU/kqokbZ dks
ckU/k ys x;k] vkSj euq";ksa dks nku fn,A 9¼mlds p<+us ls vkSj D;k
ik;k tkrk gS] dsoy ;g] fd og i`Foh dh fupyh txgksa esa mrjk Hkh
FkkA 10vkSj tks mrj x;k] ;g ogh gS tks lkjs vkdk'k ls Åij p<+ Hkh
x;k fd lc dqN ifjiw.kZ djs½A 11vkSj mlus fdruksa dks izsfjr fu;qDr
djds] vkSj fdruksa dks Hkfo";}Drk fu;qDr djds] vkSj fdruksa dks
lqlekpkj lqukusokys fu;qDr djds] vkSj fdruksa dks j[kokys vkSj
mins'kd fu;qDr djds ns fn;kA

GT1\NV[NVDGNVIR
NVNLQNVD#OVRGNENVDGVI\FT\NN[NJ6$
YNLGNVIQ[LMHV
RMGVYXT[]JGNVLJSNXVD$
YNLGVYXT[]JGVRMQNXYNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV
RMGKONH)N=
YN6MPOGVPQaQV
GNVL][9GMUVJ6D$
IWOUMJOVYNLGNVFXNN[NJ6@POOVJHN\ZHJNVUNJ6IG
YNLGNVIGOI\FXNN[NLMHV
RMGVYXT[]JGVRMQNXNVDGN
LNVNNGMXV@P8JVDFNXVYN6MLMHV
RMGVPQaQV
NVDGNVLZMNGMXVGK
WMUJ6$

2-4-2 vuqxzg vkSj dk;Z

GTIMI8)NNVD 
ijUrq eSa tks dqN Hkh gwa] ijes’oj ds vuqxzg ls gwa( vkSj mldk vuqxzg
tks eq> ij gqvk] og O;FkZ ugha gqvk( ijUrq eSaus mu lcls c<+dj

24
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

ifjJe Hkh fd;k% rkSHkh ;g esjh vksj ls ugha gqvk] ijUrq ijes’oj ds
vuqxzg ls tks eq> ij FkkA

2-5 ijes’oj ds vkRek dh vxqokbZ dks igpkusa

MNVIHNVD 
14
blfy, fd ftrus yksx ijes’oj ds vkRek ds pyk, pyrs gSa] os gh
ijes’oj ds iq= gSa] 15D;ksafd rqedks nklRo dh vkRek ugha feyh fd
fQj Hk;Hkhr gks] ijUrq ysikydiu dh vkRek feyh gS] ftlls ge gs
vCck] gs firk dgdj iqdkjrs gSaA 16vkRek vki gh gekjh vkRek ds
lkFk xokgh nsrk gS] fd ge ijes’oj dh lUrku gaSA

ZJ8XN 
13
ßijUrq tc og vFkkZr~ lR; dk vkRek vk,xk] rks rqEgsa lc lR; dk
ekxZ crk,xk( D;ksafd og viuh vksj ls u dgsxk] ijUrq tks dqN
lqusxk] ogh dgsxk] vkSj vkusokyh ckrsa rqEgsa crk,xkA 14og esjh
efgek djsxk] D;kasfd og esjh ckrksa esa ls ysdj rqEgsa crk,xkA 15tks
dqN firk dk gS] og lc esjk gS( blfy, eSaus dgk fd og esjh ckrksa
esa ls ysdj rqEgsa crk,xkA

GTIMI8)NNVD@
9
ijUrq tSlk fy[kk gS fd tks vka[k us ugha ns[kh] vkSj dku us ugha
lquh] vkSj tks ckrsa euq"; ds fpÙk esa ugha p<+h] os gh gSa tks ijes’oj
us vius izse j[kusokyksa ds fy, rS;kj dh gSaA 10ijUrq ijes’oj us
mudks vius vkRek ds }kjk ge ij izxV fd;k( D;ksafd vkRek lc
ckrsa] oju~ ijes’oj dh xw<+ ckrsa Hkh tkaprk gSA

ZJ8XN
ßgok ft/kj pkgrh gS m/kj pyrh gS vkSj rw mldk 'kCn lqurk gS]
ijUrq ugha tkurk fd og dgka ls vkrh gS vkSj fd/kj tkrh gSA tks
dksbZ vkRek ls tUek gS og ,slk gh gSAÞ

25
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

2-5-1 ifo= vkRek gels fdl izdkj ckrsa djrk gS\

• RJJHNMKYN5HNYNVDGVON)N[RNJKQVUNJ6$
• I\I>NU#FNV\V[RSXGNVJHNMVI\ODWKIRUGMUNJ6$
• G<LXND@IRSNMYN6MIS
• /R,XYN6MQ¦N=X
• +NIR¤`NNKGVRSX
2-5-2 ge dSls tku ldrs gSa fd ifo= vkRek cksy jgk gS
WFLIR YN5HNFNV\UNJ6@UFRJJHV¦NNK¦NTGNVHIJHNGMUNJ6$
JEOFNUGNVWNXXVIGP5UHGON69KJ6IGWNVGT1YNLOTX
MJVJ6D@RJOSHTSLMHV¦RMGKYNVMOVJ6NYNLYLXK+NNRXNYNVDHVD
FNV\MJVJ6D$

2-6 ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks igpkusa

EIUJNO
ns[k] ;gksok dh n`f"V lkjh i`Foh ij blfy;s fQjrh jgrh gS fd
ftudk eu mldh vksj fu"diV jgrk gS] mudh lgk;rk esa og viuk
lkeFkZ fn[kk,A rw us ;g dke ew[kZrk ls fd;k gS] blfy;s vc ls rw
yM+kb;ksa esa Qalk jgsxkA

+NWX@
23
euq"; dh xfr ;gksok dh vksj ls n`<+ gksrh gS] vkSj mlds pyu ls
og izlé jgrk gS( 24pkgs og fxjs rkSHkh iM+k u jg tk,xk] D;ksafd
;gksok mldk gkFk FkkaHks jgrk gSA

• LMHV¦RMLIMI/)NNVD GNVP5L8XGMUNJ6UNIGYNLYN6MH6D POGV

L]IUL]IUONQQVD$

26
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

• LMHV¦RMJHNMVWKRXNVDHVDLIMI/)NIUNVDYN6M"N9XNYNVDGNL]FDN
GMUNJ6@WNVJHNMVI\POGKNVWXNYN6MPQaQV¦GVYXTONM
JNVUV J6D$
• LMHV¦RMYLXVHN[=HVDS\XVJVUTYNLGKOJNUNGMXVGVI\
\NV[NVD@/)NNXNVDYN6MY8FNUNVDGNVM>NUNJ6$
• LIMI/)NIUNVDGNVLJSNXVDYN6MYLXKL]IUINQVD$
• LMHV¦RMIWOLIMI/)NIUNVD GKYNLGVWKRXHVD NVWXNGMUNJ6@
PXHVD OV JMGOM\NHX+NNRXKÑHNTMÐXJKD JNVUK@LMDUT
POGNHZ<JHV¦NN/)NNKJNVUNJ6$PQNJMNGVI\@YN\/
GNVQZMGMXVRN\KLIMI/)NIUNDL6ONVDGNG6OVFTIHNXKGVON)N
PLNV[GMVD JIO>NNXV RN\KLIMI/)NIUND@LIMI/)NIUND WNV
NKMWYNIQGNVP5L8XGMUKJ6D$
EF]NIXNVD  
5
vkSj rqe ml mins'k dks tks rqedks iq=ksa ds leku fn;k tkrk gS] Hkwy
x, gks] fd gs esjs iq=] izHkq dh rkM+uk dks gydh ckr u tku] vkSj
tc og rq>s ?kqM+ds rks fg;ko u NksM+A 6D;ksafd izHkq] ftlls izse djrk
gS] mldh rkM+uk Hkh djrk gS( vkSj ftls iq= cuk ysrk gS] mldks
dksMs+ Hkh yxkrk gSA 7rqe nq[k dks rkM+uk le>dj lg yksA ijes'oj
rqEgsa iq= tkudj rqEgkjs lkFk crkZo djrk gSA og dkSu lk iq= gS]
ftldh rkM+uk firk ugha djrk\ 8;fn og rkM+uk ftlds Hkkxh lc
gksrs gSa] rqEgkjh ugha gqbZ] rks rqe iq= ugha] ij O;fHkpkj dh lUrku
Bgjs! 9fQj tcfd gekjs 'kkjhfjd firk Hkh gekjh rkM+uk fd;k djrs
Fks] rks D;k ge vkRekvksa ds firk ds vkSj Hkh vk/khu u jgsa] ftlls
thfor jgsaA 10os rks viuh viuh le> ds vuqlkj FkksM+s fnuksa ds fy,
rkM+uk djrs Fks] ijarq ;g rks gekjs ykHk ds fy, djrk gS] fd ge Hkh
mldh ifo=rk ds Hkkxh gks tk,aA 11vkSj orZeku esa gj izdkj dh
rkM+uk vkuUn dh ugha] ijarq 'kksd gh dh ckr fn[kkbZ iM+rh gS] rkSHkh
tks mldks lgrs lgrs iDds gks x, gSa] ihNs mUgsa pSu ds lkFk /keZ dk
izfrQy feyrk gSA
27
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

2R/)NNIRRMN 
1
tks tks vkKk eSa vkt rq>s lqukrk gwa mu lHkh ij pyus dh pkSdlh
djuk] blfy;s rqe thfor jgks vkSj c<+rs jgks] vkSj ftl ns'k ds
fo"k; esa ;gksok us rqEgkjs iwoZtksa ls 'kiFk [kkbZ gS mlesa tkdj mlds
vf/kdkjh gks tkvksA 2vkSj Lej.k j[k fd rsjk ijes'oj ;gksok mu
pkyhl o"kksZ esa rq>s lkjs taxy ds ekxZ esa ls blfy;s ys vk;k gS] fd
og rq>s uez cuk,] vkSj rsjh ijh{kk djds ;g tku ys fd rsjs eu esa
D;k D;k gS] vkSj fd rw mldh vkKkvksa dk ikyu djsxk ok ughaA
3mlus rq>dks uez cuk;k] vkSj Hkw[kk Hkh gksus fn;k] fQj og eUuk]
ftls u rw vkSj u rsjs iqj[kk gh tkurs Fks] ogh rq>dks f[kyk;k(
blfy;s fd og rq>dks fl[kk, fd euq"; dsoy jksVh gh ls ugha thfor
jgrk] ijUrq tks tks opu ;gksok ds eqag ls fudyrs gSa mu gh ls og
thfor jgrk gSA 4bu pkyhl o"kksZa esa rsjs oL= iqjkus u gq,] vkSj rsjs
ru ls Hkh ugha fxjs] vkSj u rsjs ikao QwysA 5fQj vius eu esa ;g rks
fopkj dj] fd tSlk dksbZ vius csVs dks rkM+uk nsrk gS oSls gh rsjk
ijes'oj ;gksok rq>dks rkM+uk nsrk gSA 6blfy;s vius ijes'oj
;gksok dh vkKkvksa dk ikyu djrs gq, mlds ekxksZ ij pyuk] vkSj
mldk Hk; ekurs jgukA 7D;ksafd rsjk ijes'oj ;gksok rq>s ,d mRre
ns'k esa fy;s tk jgk gS] tks ty dh ufn;ksa dk] vkSj rjkb;ksa vkSj
igkM+ks ls fudys gq, xfgjs xfgjs lksrksa dk ns'k gSA 8fQj og xsgw] tkS]
nk[kyrkvksa] tathjksa] vkSj vukjksa dk ns'k gSa( vkSj rsyokyh tyikbZ
vkSj e/kq dk Hkh ns'k gSA 9ml ns'k esa vUu dh egaxh u gksxh] vkSj u
mlesa rq>s fdlh inkFkZ dh ?kVh gksxh( ogka ds iRFkj yksgs ds gSa] vkSj
ogka ds igkMksa esa ls rw rkack [kksndj fudky ldsxkA 10vkSj rw isV
Hkj [kk,xk] vkSj ml mRre ns'k ds dkj.k tks rsjk ijes'oj ;gksok
rq>s nsxk mldk /kU; ekusxkA

• IWOLIMI/)NIUNVDGNYNLONHXNGMUVJ6D@PXHVDOVJM
GLMHV¦RMGKYNVMOVXJKDJNVUK$GT1YNLGVYLXV
GNHNVDGN4\JNVUKJ6D@GT1QZOMNVDGVGNNV=DGNYN6MGT1

28
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

N6UNX`NMNP5L8XGKWNUKJ6D$YNLGNVLIMI/)NIUNVDGNV
LJSNXXVGKYNR¦GUNJ6$
• YNL SNJV IWO FTMK LIMI/)NIU GN ONHXN GMVD@ POV
LMHV¦RMI4MFQ\OGUNJ6UNIGYNLGVWKRXGVI\
POGVPQaQ¦V HVD YN[VFXV JVUTRJYNLGKOJNUNGM
OGV$PQNJMNGVI\@ZOT4ÑP5LI5UÐ$
• LIMI/)NIUNVD GNV WNXVD N LJSNXVD YN6M PISU GQH
FND$XKIURSXHVDI\>NNJ6@†YLXVLNDRNMXVGV
I\VHN[=GNVOH)NMGM@YN6MUVMVOFHN[=%KGMJVD$Ê
2-7 bZ’ojh; ijke’kZ vkSj cqf)ekuh dks igpkusa
• LMNH¦N=O\NJ@IXQV=¦N@YNLGNVIQN[N.NXJ6$
• LMNH¦N=YNQV¦NXJKDJ6$
• E=
RMKLMNH
N=RJO\NJJ6WNVVOVIGOK/ KNLTN
`NMNQKWNUKJ6 WNVLMHV
RMGVON)N[JMN@HWFZU@
QC@ LM>NN JTYN IM
UN M>NUN J6  PXGV .NX YN6M
YXT+NRGVYNNNMLM$
mnkgj.k%
GTIMI8)NNVD  Ñ@YN6MLMNXQVDÐ
10
ftudk fookg gks x;k gS] mudks eSa ugha] oju~ izHkq vkKk nsrk gS fd
iRuh vius ifr ls vyx u gks( 11¼vkSj ;fn vyx Hkh gks tk,] rks fcu
nwljk fookg fd, jgs( ;k vius ifr ls fQj esy dj ys½ vkSj u ifr
viuh iRuh dks NksM+sA 12nwljksa ls izHkq ugha] ijUrq eSa gh dgrk gwa fd
;fn fdlh HkkbZ dh iRuh fo'okl u j[krh gks] vkSj mlds lkFk jgus
ls izlé gks] rks og mls u NksM+sA 13vkSj ftl L=h dk ifr fo'okl
u j[krk gks] vkSj mlds lkFk jgus ls izlé gks( og ifr dks u NksM+sA
14
D;ksafd ,slk ifr tks fo'okl u j[krk gks] og iRuh ds dkj.k ifo=

29
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

Bgjrk gS] vkSj ,slh iRuh tks fo'okl ugha j[krh] ifr ds dkj.k
ifo= Bgjrh gS( ugha rks rqEgkjs yM+dsckys v'kq) gksrs] ijUrq vc rks
ifo= gSaA 25dqaokfj;ksa ds fo"k; esa izHkq dh dksbZ vkKk eq>s ugha feyh]
ijUrq fo'okl;ksX; gksus ds fy, tSlh n;k izHkq us eq>s ij dh gS] mlh
ds vuqlkj lEefr nsrk gwaA 26blfy, esjh le> esa ;g vPNk gS] fd
vktdy Dys'k ds dkj.k euq"; tSlk gS] oSlk gh jgsA 27;fn rsjh iRuh
gS] rks mlls vyx gksus dk ;Ru u dj( vkSj ;fn rsjh iRuh ugha] rks
iRuh dh [kkst u dj( 28ijUrq ;fn rw fookg Hkh djs] rks iki ugha(
vkSj ;fn dqaokjh C;kgh tk, rks dksbZ iki ugha( ijUrq ,slksa dks
'kkjhfjd nq[k gksxk] vkSj eSa cpkuk pkgrk gwaA

• LMNH¦N=LNXVGKGKHU$
XKIURSX
og f’k{kk izkIr fd, fcuk ej tk,xk] vkSj viuh gh ew[kZrk ds dkj.k
HkVdrk jgsxkA

XKIURSX
tks f’k{kk ij pyrk og thou ds ekxZ ij gS] ijUrq tks MkaV ls eaqg
eksM+rk] og HkVdrk gSA

XKIURSX
tgka cqf/n dh ;qfDr ugha] ogka iztk foifÙk esa iM+rh gS( ijUrq lEefr
nsusokyksa dh cgqrk;r ds dkj.k cpko gksrk gSA

XKIURSX
fcuk lEefr dh dYiuk,a fu"Qy gqvk djrh gSa] ijUrq cgqr ls eaf=;ksa
dh lEefr ls ckr Bgjrh gSA

XKIURSX
lc dYiuk,a lEefr gh ls fLFkj gksrh gaS( vkSj ;qfDr ds lkFk ;q/n
djuk pkfg;sA

30
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

XKIURSX
blfy;s tc rw ;q) djs] rc ;qfDr ds lkFk djuk] fot; cgqr ls
efU=;ksa ds }kjk izkIr gksrh gSA

• LMHV¦RMNHK=\NV[NDVGKO\NJGNPLNV[GMUNJ6IW8JVDPOXV
YNLGV WKRXHVD M>NNJ6 UNIGYNLGV WKRXGV I\POGK
NVWXNYN6MPtV¦HVDYNLGKY[TRNE=GMXVHVDYNLGKOJNUN
GMOGV$
• XH]JNVGMLMNH¦N=GNV/RKGNMGMVD$
mnkgj.k% ewlk vkSj bFkzks ¼fuxZeu 18%13&27½A
UKXL]GNMGVLMNH¦N=

2-7-1 O;fDr ds vius Kku vkSj vuqHko ij vk/kkfjr ijke’kZ

• YNLIGOOVO\NJNLMNH¦N=LNUVJ6DEOIRNHVDONR
NNXMJVD$
+NWX
D;k gh /kU; gS og iq:"k tks nq"Vksa dh ;qfDr ij ugha pyrk] vkSj u
ikfi;ksa ds ekxZ esa [kM+k gksrk( vkSj u Bêk djusokyksa dh e.Myh esa
cSBrk gS!

2-7-2 ijes’oj ds fyf[kr opu ij vk/kkfjr ijke’kZ

2-7-3 Hkfo";kRed izsj.kk ij vk/kkfjr ijke'kZ

• LJ\KYN6MUKOMKWMUJ6IGPOLMNH¦N=GNVLM>NNWN@
WNDSNWNYN6MOH!NNWN$
• +NIR`'UN`NMNGJK[E=JMFNU+NIRN5HGXJKDJNVUK$

31
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

EIUJNO 
1
tc nkÅn vius Hkou esa jgus yxk] rc nkÅn us ukrku uch ls
dgk] ns[k] eSa rks nsonk# cus gq, ?kj esa jgrk gwa] ijarq ;gksok dh
okpk dk lUnwj rEcw esa jgrk gSA 2ukrku us nkÅn ls dgk] tks dqN
rsjs eu esa gks mls dj] D;ksafd ijes'oj rsjs lax gSA 3mlh fnu jkr
dks ijes'oj dk ;g opu ukrku ds ikl igqapk] tkdj esjs nkl
nkÅn ls dg 4;gksok ;ksa dgrk gS] fd esjs fuokl ds fy;s rw ?kj
cuokus u ik,xkA 5D;ksafd ftl fnu ls eSa blzk,fy;ksa dks felz ls ys
vk;k] vkt ds fnu rd eSa dHkh ?kj esa ugha jgk( ijarq ,d rEcw ls
nwljs rEcw dks vkSj ,d fuokl ls nwljs fuokl dks vk;k tk;k djrk
gwaA

2-8 le;ksa vkSj _rqvksa dks igpkusa

• LMHV¦RMGVLNOGIQXQI¦N=GNJ6$POGVLNOGOH
ONMNKJ6$RJYLXKIQXQI¦N=GNGVYXTONMGN=GMUNJ6$
• LMHV¦RMIWXGNHNVDGNVGMUNJ6PXGVI\POGVLNOIXT'U
OHYN6MBUT JNVUV J6D$
P5LI¿N ßvkSj eSa rsjs vkSj bl L=h ds chp esa cSj
mRié d:axk] og rsjs flj dks dqpy Mkysxk] vkSj rw
mldh ,M+h dks Mlsxk!Þ 4000 o"kZ!
[\NIUNVD   ßvkSj vius dku lR; ls Qsjdj
dFkk&dgkfu;ksa ij yxk,axsAÞ
• YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGVLNOOHYN6MBUTDJ6D$
+NWX
esjs fnu rsjs gkFk esa gS( rw eq>s esjs 'k=qvksa vkSj esjs lrkusokyksa ds
gkFk ls NqM+kA

32
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

O+NNVLQV¦NG@
1
gj ,d ckr dk ,d volj vkSj izR;sd dke dk] tks vkdk'k ds uhps
gksrk gS] ,d le; gSA 11mlus lc dqN ,slk cuk;k fd vius vius
le; ij os lqanj gksrs gSa( fQj mlus euq";ksa ds eu esa vuknh&vuar
dky dk Kku mRié fd;k gS] rkSHkh tks dke ijes'oj us fd;k gS] og
vkfn ls vUr rd euq"; cw> ugha ldrkA

O+NNVLQV¦NG@
5
tks vkKk dks ekurk gS] og tksf[ke ls cpsxk] vkSj cqf)eku dk eu
le; vkSj U;k; dk Hksn tkurk gSA 6D;ksafd gj ,d fo"k; dk le;
vkSj fu;e gksrk gS] ;|fi euq"; dk nq%[k mlds fy;s cgqr Hkkjh gksrk
gSA

• JMBUTGNYLXNIXT'UGNMNJNVUNJ6$
• IWOWKRXHVDJHJ6DPOGVBUTYNVDGNVWFJHLJSNXUVJ6D@
UFLMHV¦RMGVPtV¦NVDGNVLJSNXXNYNONXJNVWNUNJ6$
EIUJNO
vkSj bLlkdkfj;ksa esa ls tks le; dks igpkurs Fks] fd blzk,y dks D;k
djuk mfpr gS] muds iz/kku nks lkS Fks( vkSj muds lc HkkbZ mudh
vkKk esa jgrs FksA

le;ksa vkSj voljksa dks igpkusa

• EOOHYNLIWOBUTHVDJ6DPOGVI\LMHV¦RMGVIXT'U
PQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMVD$UFRJYNLGNVWKRXGVY[\VYROMNVD
HVD\VWN[N$
mnkgj.k%
• FTIXNQ0N\XVGKBUT
EOHVD IX(XI\I>NUFNUVD
NNIH\J6D 
33
 YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV¦RMGV PQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXN

• >NNVQXN@MSXNXJKD$
• SHGXJKD@GVR\LIM-H$
• UNI\NDXJKD@GVR\Q¦N=G$
PQaQ¦V 
• HWFZUFTIXNQ
• [JMKFTIXNQ
• VOKFTIXNQWNVYNLGNV46\XVGKYXTHIUQV[K
• OTMD[GNOH
WFYNLOTMD[OVWNUVJ6D@UFGJKMN/5NNJNVUNJ6@YN[VFXVGN$
XUNVYNLFNHT0OGUVJ6D@XQNIJXV@YN6MXJKLK1VWNOGUVJ6D$
RJNDY8NGNMJNVUNJ6$YNLGVLNOGVR\GJKMNV¦NXKJNVUKJ6@
YLXKAYND>NNVDLMIR¦RNO GMXN$RJNDIJ\NXVGVI\LJN0XJKD
JNVUV$FNJMIXG\XVGNGJKMN/UNJNVUNJ6 POHVOV[TWMXN$
IR¦RNONV;MJVD
• HN LN=,UGKBUTIRLMKU+NMLZMK@FJTUNU@G9XKGNBUT
• QT>NYN6MOQHVGKBUT
• LMK^NNYNVDYN6MSTXN6IUNVDGKBUT
• HNUC5RGKBUT
QZOMN2I'UWKRXGVIWOBUTHVDJNVUNJ6@POBUTGNYNQM
GMXNJHVDOK>NXNJ6$
2-9 ijes’oj dk dk;Z djus dk rjhdk igpkusa
LMHV¦RMGNVPQNJMN@XHZXVYN6ML]IUHNXNVDGNVU6NMGMXVGKYNQU
J6@UNIGJHPXGNYXTOMNGMVD$HVMNHNXXNJ6IGJHNMVWKRXNVD
HVDGN=GNXHZXNU6NMGMUNJ6$
34
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

UKHTI)NTO@
15
rw tkurk gS fd vkfl;kokys lc eq> ls fQj x, gSa] ftuesa Qwfxyql
vkSj fgjeqfxusl gSaA 16musflQq#l ds ?kjkus ij izHkq n;k djs] D;ksafd
mlus cgqr ckj esjs th dks BaMk fd;k] vkSj esjh tathjksa ls yfTtr
u gqvkA

JHYF]NJHGVIR¦RNOGVGQHNVDLMS\UVJ6D$
MNVIHNVD@
11
vkSj mlus [krus dk fpUg ik;k fd ml fo’okl dh /kkfeZdrk ij
Nki gks tk,] tks mlus fcuk [krus dh n’kk esa j[kk Fkk] ftlls og
mu lc dk firk Bgjs] tks fcuk [krus dh n’kk esa fo’okl djrs gSa]
vkSj fd os Hkh /kehZ BgjsaA 12vkSj mu [kruk fd, gqvksa dk firk gks]
tks u dsoy [kruk fd, gq, gSa] ijUrq gekjs firk bczkghe ds ml
fo’okl dh yhd ij Hkh pyrs gSa] tks mlus fcu [krus dh n’kk esa
fd;k FkkA

Y8\NV[NVDGVWKRXJHNMVI\PQNJMN/RLM>NV[J6D$
NGZF@
10
gs Hkkb;ks] ftu Hkfo";}Drkvksa us izHkq ds uke ls ckrsa dha] mUgsa nq[k
mBkus vkSj /khjt /kjus dk ,d vkn'kZ le>ksA 11ns[kks] ge /khjt
/kjusokyksa dks /kU; dgrs gSaA rqeus v¸;wc ds /khjt ds fo"k; esa rks
lquk gh gS] vkSj izHkq dh vksj ls tks mldk izfrQy gqvk mls Hkh tku
fy;k gS] ftlls izHkq dh vR;Ur d#.kk vkSj n;k izxV gksrh gSA

GTIMI8)NNVD @
5
ijUrq ijes'oj muesa ds cgqrsjksa ls izlé u gqvk] blfy, os taxy
esa <sj gks x,A 11ijUrq ;s lc ckrsa ] tks mu ij iM+h] n`"VkUr dh jhfr
ij Fkh( vkSj os gekjh psrkouh ds fy, tks txr ds vfUre le; esa
jgrs gSa] fy[kh xbZa gSaA

35
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

3
ijes’oj dh rS;kjh dh izfØ;k
igpkuuk
LMHV¦RMNKMV NKMVP8JVDU6NMGMUNJ6@IW8JVDRJPLNV[GMUNJ6$
3-1 rS;kjh dh izfØ;k ds }kjk ijes’oj D;k rS;kjh djuk
pkgrk gS\
UKHTI)NTO 
19
rkSHkh ijes’oj dh iDdh uso cuh jgrh gS] vkSj ml ij ;g Nki yxh
gS fd izHkq viuksa dks igpkurk gS( vkSj tks dksbZ izHkq dk uke ysrk gS]
og v/keZ ls cpk jgsA 20cM+s ?kj esa u dsoy lksus&pkUnh gh ds] ijarq
dkB vkSj feêh ds crZu Hkh gksrs gaS] dksbZ dksbZ vknj] vkSj dksbZ dksbZ
vuknj ds fy,A 21;fn dksbZ vius vkidks buls 'kq) djsxk] rks og
vknj dk crZu] vkSj ifo= Bgjsxk( vkSj Lokeh ds dke vk,xk] vkSj
gj Hkys dke ds fy, rS;kj gksxkA

• LMHV¦RMYNLGNVYNQMÑZXNXKHV@D HZ<@GKHU@O(HNXÐGNLN
ÑZXNXKHVD@JI)NNMNONNXÐFXNXNSNJUNJ6$
• LMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IGYNLLIR ÑZXNXKHVD@¦NT@LIR IG
[ÐFXV@D POGVI\Y\[IG[$
• LMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6 IGYNL/RNHKGV PLNV[GV I\NV;
ÑZXNXKHVD@PLNV[K@\N+NQNG@\NGÐFXVD$
• LMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IGYNLJM+N\VGNHGVI\U6NMIG
WNDÑZXNXKHVD@U6NMIG[Ð@POGVI\Y\[IGWND$

36
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INY>NDI0UJ6$WKRXGVJMLJ\ZHV@D RJ
YNLGNVY[\VSMNGVI\U6NMGMUNJ6$
U6NMKGKL]INGV`NMNJHVDLMHV¦RMGVON)NOJNV[QVXNYN6M
GN= GMXNOK>NXNJ6$
ifo= 'kkL= ls mnkgj.k %

ewlk ¼izsfjrksa ds dke 7%20&34½

• LMHV¦RMXVY\N6IGGMKIUOVHZONGVI\JL]FDNIGNIG
POVI4MN6XGVHJ\HVDIO>NNNYN6ML]I¦NI^NUIGNWN$HZON
GV WKRXHVD JLMHV¦RMGV AYNI5HGHTGtMGNFKW )NN
ÑLV]IMUNVDGVGNHÐ$/R[K=PQaQV¦GVI\JHZONGK
L]NMDI+NGU6NMKYN6MYLXN/)NNX\VXN)NN$
• RN= GKPH] HVD HZONYLXV E=¦RMKPQaQV¦GNV LJSNXXV
\[N$LMDUTPOXVG[\UKGK$POXVPOVYLXVUMKGVOV
LZMNGMXVGKGNVI¦N¦NGK$
• IWUXKFNMJHYLXKNV;UNHVDGT1GMXVGNL]NOGMUVJ6D@
JHLMHV¦RMGKNVWXNGVL][9JNVXVHVDIR\(FGMQVVUVJ6D$
HZONXV/RDJKPOVLZMNGMXVGKGNVI¦N¦NGKYN6MPOHVD RNNVD=
GNIR\(F\[[N
• HZONGNV WD[\HVD \(FV RN== IFUNXV L0V ÑLV]IMUNVD GV GNH
 IX[=HX@Ð@GVR\EOI\'NVDIGPOV PO
MNWNGVHMXVGNE8UWNMGMXNL0NIWOVPOXVNVINUIGN
)NN$
Y/OKRN=GKPH]HVDHZONXVYLXVE=¦RMKIH¦NXGNVYNM(+N
IGN$
• Y[\V  RNNV=D GV I\@ RJ YLXV WKRX GV PQaQV¦ GNV
GNN=I8RUGMXV\[N$
37
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

nkÅn
• QNcQ WF G XRTRG )NN@ UF POV MNWN FXXV GV I\
YI+NNVGIGN[N$JHJHNXGMS\VDIGPOOHRJ
O JRNN=GN)NN$
• POXVYLXNL]NMDI+NGL]I
N^NNUFLNNWFRJYLXVILUNGK
+NV0NVDGKM>NRN\KIGNGMUN)NN$EOKOHGVQN6MNXPOXV
OD[KUHVD GT
N\UNJNIO\GKJNV[K@
NVMYN6M+NN\Z GNV HNMN
JNV[N@YN6MEO]N\\NV[NVDGVH>NIUL]N,UGKJNV[K$
• WFPOXV[NVI\UGNVHNMNYN6MMN9‘KRKMFX[N@UFPOV
L]NMDI+NGO4\UNIH\K$
• \VIGXOHFQ\[NYN6MWFMNWN
NNc\XV POV HNM
0N\XVGN46O\NIGN@UFPOVYLXKWNXFSNGM+NN[XN
L0N$Y[\VLNDS1RNNV=DHVDQNcQGNV>NNXNFQNV
NÑ
NHZ\
@ÐGVOHNXWKRXIFUNXNL0N$IWO2I'UXVMNWNFXXV
GV I\YI+NNVGLNN)NN@POXV YINGUMOH[T4NYNDV HVD
IFUNN
• LMDUTEOKOHGVQN6MNXLMHV¦RMXVVOV\NV[NVDGNV+NVWNWNV
QNcQGV ON)NWNIH\V YN6MFNQHVD POGKONH)NK= OVXNHVD
HJ5RLZN=G,UNXFXV
• WFQNcQRN= GN)NN@UFRJJZQNGNMNWNFXNÑ

NHZ\ Ð$
• WFY8UUQNcQODLZN=EO]N\YN6MJZQNGNMNWNFXN@UF
RJRN=GN)NNÑ
NHZ\@Ð$POXVRNNV=DUGMNWN
FXGMMN7IGN$
• UVMJRNNV=DGKU6NMK POOHOVWF+NIR`'UN
NHZ\
XVPOVAFT\NN @POFT\NJ9HVDGQHFNXVGVI\WFPOV
AIXT'UIGN[N POOHUG$
38
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

ikSyql
• QIH
GGVHN[=L]+NTK
NTHOKJOVPOGK+NVD9GVOHLN6\TO
GKPH]GMKFRN=GKJNV[K$POVL]I
NI^NUJNVXVHDVGE=RN=
\[[$
• L]+NTK
NTOVPOGK+NDV9GVOH@L]+NTXVL]G9IGNIGPOGK
FT\NJ9Y8WNIUNVDGVI\7NVIUJ6@RJIR
RNOGNLV]IMU
J6$
• LN6\TO XV YNMD+N HVD QIH
G YN6M YMF HVD UKX RN= IFUN
Ñ[\IUNVD@LV]IMUNVDGVXNH Ð$\NV[NVDXVQIH
G
HVDPOGKJ5NGMXVGKGNVI
N
NGKYN6MEOI\RJYMFGNV
+NN[ [N YN6M FNQ HVD \N69 YNN$ EOK OH GV QN6MNX
OTOHNSNMGNYINGUML]GN
NXPOXVLNNJNV[NIWOGNRJ
L]SNMGMUN)NN$
• EOGV FNQ L8Q]J IQXNVD UG RJ 
N\VH HVD +NVD9 QVUN MJN
Ñ[\IUNVDLV]IMUNVDGVGNH Ð@EOOHGVQN6MNX
POXVF0VIJNRGVON)NL]SNMIGN$LMDUTI4MGFNM\NV[NDV
XVPOVHNMXVGKGNVI
N
NGKYN6MUI
N=
NGNVS\L0N$POXV
UI
N=
N@IOIMNYN6MIOI\I
NNHVD GMKFRN=IFUNÑ[\IUNVD
 Ð$
• EXUVMJRNNV=D GV YDUHVD@FX=FNOUI
N=
NGNV YNNYN6MRJ

NNc\ GNV  YLXV ON)N YDUNIGN \V [N ÑLV]IMUNVD GV GNH
@Ð$
• POGVFNQLN6\TOXVYDUNIGNGKG\KIONHVDL]SNMGMUVJT
POXVGLZMNON\IFUNIQN$
• EORN=GVYDUHV@D LN6\O
T XVFX=FNOGVON)N
N\VHGKQZOMK
N NGK$EON NGNPQaQV
YGN\GV QN6MNXOJNUN

39
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

LJTDSNXN)NNÑLV]IMUNVDGVGNH@Ð$EOI\RJRN=GV
YDUMN\GVFNQ
N\VHGNVWNUNJ6Ñ[\IUNVDÐ$
• QIH
GGVHN[=LML]+NTOV+NVD9GVOHOVYFUGRN=FKU
STGV)NV$LN6\TOEOOHRN=GNJNV[N$
• LN6\TOGVHOKJWKRXYN6MLMHV
RMGVON)NSN\GVL])NH
RNNV=DGVIRNHDVGT1+NKXJKDI\>NN[NJ6$Y)NN=UJHWNXUV
J6D IGLN6\TOXV EOOHL]SNMIGNYN6MI
N^NNQK$JH
WNXUVJ6DIGPOXVLMHV
RMGVMJ/NVDGNL]GN
NXYN6MOH!
L]N,UGKLMDUTWNVGT1POXVIGNYN6ML]SNMIGNPOIRN
HDV GT1IR
NVNXJKD I\>NN[NJ6$E8JDV LN6\TOGV WKRXGV
A>NNHNV
NKGVRN= GJN[NJ6$JZQNNH=GVYDU[=UPOGKLZR=
I
N^NNGVY\NRN@VRN=+NKPOGVL]I
N^NNGVRN=MJV$
• YDUHVD@LV]IMUNVDGVGNHHVD@RNNV=DVGVFNQ@LN6\TOGNVFX=FNO
GVON)NPOGKLJ\KIH
NXMKN NHDVFT\NN[NJ6ÑLV]IMUNVD
GVGNH Ð$
• LV]IMUNVDGVGNHHVD@LN6\TOGNVFX=FNOGVON)NLJ\KFNM
LV]IMUGMGVO(FNVINUIGN[NJ6$
L]+NTGVON)NPOGK+NVD9GVRNNV=DFNQLN6\TOXVLV]IMUNE=HVDL]RV
N
IGN$LV]IMULN6\TOGNV+NKO JRNNV=DGKU6NMKYN6ML]I
N^NNGK
YNR
GUN)NKLMHV
RMW<QFNWKHDVXJKDJ6$
WFYNLLMHV
RMGKU6NMKGKL]INOVJNVGM[TWMVD[V@YNLYLXV
WKRXNVDHVDI1LVJT[TNNVD@RMQNXNVDYN6MFT\NJ9NVDGNVQV>NLND[V$
H5UK@
26
blfy, muls er Mjuk D;ksafd dqN <adk ugha] tks izdV u fd;k
tk,xk( vkSj u dqN fNik gS] tks tkuk u tk,xkA 27tks eSa rqels
vfU/k;kjs esa dgrk gwa] mls mft;kys esa dgks( vkSj tks dkuksa&dku
lqurs gks] mls dksBksa ij ls izpkj djksA
40
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

\ZGN
psyk vius xq# ls cM+k ugha] ijUrq tks dksbZ fl) gksxk] og vius xq#
ds leku gksxkA

LMHV¦RMYNLGNVIWOU6NMKHVDOV\VGMWNUNJ6@POGV`NMN
• E=¦RMKSIM
• O+NK^NV NVDHVDLIML'RUN
3-1-1 bZ’ojh; pfj=
UKHTI)NTO 
19
rkSHkh ijes’oj dh iDdh uso cuh jgrh gS] vkSj ml ij ;g Nki yxh
gS fd izHkq viuksa dks igpkurk gS( vkSj tks dksbZ izHkq dk uke ysrk gS]
og v/keZ ls cpk jgsA 20cM+s ?kj esa u dsoy lksus&pkUnh gh ds] ijarq
dkB vkSj feêh ds crZu Hkh gksrs gaS] dksbZ dksbZ vknj] vkSj dksbZ dksbZ
vuknj ds fy,A 21;fn dksbZ vius vkidks buls 'kq) djsxk] rks og
vknj dk crZu] vkSj ifo= Bgjsxk( vkSj Lokeh ds dke vk,xk] vkSj
gj Hkys dke ds fy, rS;kj gksxkA

H5UK
vkSj u;k nk[kjl iqjkuh e’kdksa eas ugha Hkjrs] D;ksafd ,slk djus ls
e’kdsa QV tkrh gSa] vkSj nk[kjl cg tkrk gS vkSj e’kdsa uk’k gks
tkrh gSaA ijUrq u;k nk[kjl ubZ e’kdksa esa Hkjrs gSa] vkSj og nksukas
cph jgrh gSaA

• LMHV¦RMJHNMVRMQNXNVDOVYINGJHNMVSIM HVDISM>NUNJ6$
• YNLGNRMQNXYNLGNVRJND\VWNOGUNJ6WJNDLMYNLGN
SIM YNLGNVXJKDM>NUN$
• YNLGNSIM RJFTIXNQJ6IWOLMYNLGNWKRXMSNWNUN
J6$
41
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

• RMQNX YN6M YI+NNVG /R[= OV IQ WNUV J6D@ LMDUT SIM  GN
IXHN=NLC)RKLMJNVUNJ6$
+NWX
ns[k] rw ân; dh lPpkbZ ls izlé gksrk gS( vkSj esjs eu gh esa Kku
fl[kk,xkA

• OJKFNUGJXV YN6MOJKGNHNVD GNV GMXV OV YINGHOKJK

WKRXHVDFJTUGT1J6$LMHV¦RME=¦RMKSIM GK>NNVWHVDJ6$
3-1-2 lHkh ckrksa esa ifjiDork
EI4IONVD  
11
vkSj mlus fdruksa dks izsfjr fu;qDr djds] vkSj fdruksa dks
Hkfo";}Drk fu;qDr djds] vkSj fdruksa dks lqlekpkj lqukusokys
fu;qDr djds] vkSj fdruksa dks j[kokys vkSj mins'kd fu;qDr djds
ns fn;k] 12ftlls ifo= yksx fl) gks tk,a] vkSj lsok dk dke fd;k
tk,] vkSj elhg dh nsg méfr ik,] 13tc rd fd ge lc ds lc
fo'okl] vkSj ijes'oj ds iq= dh igpku esa ,d u gks tk,a] vkSj ,d
fl) euq"; u cu tk,a vkSj elhg ds iwjs Mhy MkSy rd u c<+ tk,aA
14
rkfd ge vkxs dks ckyd u jgsa] tks euq";ksa dh Bx&fo|k vkSj
prqjkbZ ls muds Hkze dh ;qfDr;kas dh] vkSj mins'k dh] gj ,d c;kj
ls mNkys] vkSj b/kj&m/kj ?kqek, tkrs gksa] 15oju~ izse ls lPpkbZ ls
pyrs gq,] lc ckrksa esa mlesa tks flj gS] vFkkZr~ elhg esa c<+rs tk,aA
16
ftlls lkjh nsg gj ,d tksM+ dh lgk;rk ls ,d lkFk feydj] vkSj
,d lkFk xBdj ml izHkko ds vuqlkj tks gj ,d Hkkx ds ifjek.k
ls mlesa gksrk gS] vius vki dks c<+krh gS] fd og izse esa méfr djrh
tk,A

• LMHV¦RMGVON)N2I'U[UWKRXHVDLIML'RUN$O+NKFNUNVDHVD
YN.NGNIMUN$

42
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

• \NV[NVDGVON)NJHNMVIM¦UNVDHVDLIML'RUN$
• RMQNXNVDYN6MFT\NJ9NVDHVDLIML'RUN$
H5UK@
16
ns[kks] eSa rqEgsa HksM+ksa ds leku HksfM+;ksa ds chp eas Hkstrk gwaA blfy,
lkaiksa ds leku cqf)eku vkSj dcwrjksa ds leku Hkksys cuksA 17ijUrq
yksxksa ls lko/kku jgks] D;ksafd os rqEgsa egklHkkvksa esa lkSisaxs] vkSj
viuh iapk;rksa esa rqEgsa dksM+s ekjsaxsA

• E=¦RMKSIM YN6MLIML'RUNHVDYNLGKP8XIUIHGJ6$
• IWUXKFNMYNLYN.NGNIMUNGVX^NV HVD +NI'UHNXUNGV
X/UMHVD@LIML'RUNGVX/UMHVD GQHM>NVD[V@YNLYLXV
WKRXLMLMHV¦RMGVYI+NNVGGNXN/UMLND[V$
• IWXFNUNVDGNVYNLYNWOK>NVD[VRVYNLGNVG\GVI\U6NM
GMVD[K$LMHV¦RMYNLGNVYLXVPQaQV¦GNVLZMNGMXVGVI\
U6NMGMV[N$
3-2 ijes’oj gesa dSls rS;kj djrk gS\
3-2-1 opu
UKHTI)NTO@
16
gj ,d ifo= ’kkL= ijes’oj dh izsj.kk ls jpk x;k gS vkSj mins’k]
vkSj le>kus] vkSj lq/kkjus] vkSj /keZ dh f’k{kk ds fy, ykHknk;d gSA
17
rkfd ijes’oj dk tu fl) cus] vkSj gj ,d Hkys dke ds fy,
rRij gks tk,A

3-2-2 ifo= vkRek

GTIMI8)NNVD
ijUrq tc ge lc ds m?kkM+s psgjs ls izHkq dk izrki bl izdkj izxV
gksrk gS] ftl izdkj niZ.k esa] rks izHkq ds }kjk tks vkRek gS] ge mlh
rstLoh :i esa va’k va’k dj ds cnyrs tkrs gSaA
43
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

3-2-3 vU; yksxksa }kjk

XKIURSX
tSls yksgk yksgs dks pedk nsrk gS] oSls gh euq"; dk eq[k vius fe=
dh laxfr ls pednkj gks tkrk gSA

• YNLIWOL]GNMGVGNHGMXNSNJUVDJ6D@POUMJGVGNH
GMXVRN\V\NV[NVDGVON)NOD[IUGMVD$
3-2-4 thou ds vuqHko
• WKRXGV+N\VYN6MFTMVOHOK>NXVNV;LN%JNVUVJ6D$
MNVIHNVD@
3
dsoy ;gh ugha] oju~ ge Dys’kksa esa Hkh ?ke.M djsa] ;gh tkudj fd
Dys’k ls /khjt( 4vkSj /khjt ls [kjk fudyuk] vkSj [kjs fudyus ls
vk’kk mRié gksrh gSA

NGZF 
2
gs esjs Hkkb;ks] tc rqe ukuk izdkj dh ijh{kkvksa esa iM+ks] 3rks bldks
iwjs vkuUn dh ckr le>ks] ;g tkudj fd rqEgkjs fo’okl ds ij[ks
tkus ls /khjt mRié gksrk gSA 4ijarq /khjt dks viuk iwjk dke djus
nks fd rqe iwjs vkSj fl) gks tkvks vkSj rqeesa fdlh ckr dh ?kVh u
jgsA

EF]NIXNVD@
8
vkSj iq= gksus ij Hkh] mlus nq[k mBk&mBk dj vkKk ekuuh lh[khA
9
vkSj fl) cudj] vius lc vkKk ekuusokyksa ds fy, lnk dky ds
m)kj dk dkj.k gks x;kA

44
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

• WKRXGV YXT+NRYNLGNV VOV LN%IO>NND[V IW8JVD YNLYN6M

GJKDOK>NXJKDOGUV$
• YNLYXT+NRK2I'UGNVE8GNMXJKDGMOGUV$
3-3 ijes’oj dh rS;kjh dh izfØ;k ls xqt+jrs le; le;
/;ku esa j[kus ;ksX; ckrsa
3-3-1 rS;kjh dh izfØ;k ds nkSjku gesa ijes’oj ds lkFk
lg;ksx nsus vkSj dk;Z djus ds fy, rS;kj jguk lh[kuk gS
GTIMI8)NNVD
D;ksafd ge ijes’oj ds lgdehZ gaS( rqe ijes’oj dh [ksrh vkSj
ijes’oj dh jpuk gksA

3-3-2 vkidk joS;k egRoiw.kZ gS

3-3-3 tgka lkeFkZ gS] ogka ij laxrrk gS

UKHTI)NTO
mu ckrksa dks lksprk jg vkSj mUgha esa viuk /;ku yxk, jg] rkfd
rsjh méfr lc ij izxV gksA viuh vkSj vius mins’k dh pkSdlh
j[kA

3-3-4 tc vki NksVh ckrksa esa fo’okl;ksX; jgsaxs] rc ijes’oj

vkidks vxyh ckrksa ds fy, c<+kSrjh nsxk
H5UK
mlds Lokeh us mlls dgk] ^/kU;] gs vPNs vkSj fo’okl;ksX; nkl! rw
FkksM+s eas fo’okl;ksX; jgk( eSa rq>s cgqr oLrqvksa dk vf/kdkjh cukÅaxk(
vius Lokeh ds vkuUn esa lgHkkxh gksA

45
 LMHV¦RMGKU6NMKGKL]INLJSNXXN

3-3-5 vkRelarks"k ls lko/kku jgsa A ijes’oj dks vuqefr nsa

fd og vkidks c<+k,A
I4I\I,LNVD 
;g eryc ugha fd eSa ik pqdk gaw] ;k fl) gks pqdk gwa( ijarq ml
inkFkZ dks idM+us ds fy, nkSM+k pyk tkrk gwa ftlds fy, elhg ;h’kq
us eq>s idM+k FkkA

3-3-6 rS;kjh dk le; dHkh cjckn ugha gksrkA ftruh cM+h

cqykgV gksrh gS] mruh gh cM+h rS;kjh dh vko’;drk gksrh
gSA

3-3-7 tYnckth u djsaA rS;kjh dk le; iwjk gksus ns

XKIURSX
dkedkth dh dYiukvksa ls dsoy ykHk gksrk gS] ijUrq mrkoyh
djusokys dks dsoy ?kVrh gksrh gSA

PQNJMNHZON@QNcQ@LN6\TO$

3-3-8 cqykgV vkSj ojnku ds vkids {ks= esa jgsa

LMHV¦RMXVWNVNVWXNXJKDFXNE=J6@RJFXXVGNL]NOXGMVD$

46
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

4
mlds mn~ns’; dks iwjk djus gsrq
viuk LFkku ysuk
JHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\LMHV¦RMGKE31NGNVLZMNGMXVGKL]INGN
+NN[J6YLXN/)NNX[]JNGMXN@N/)NNLXJNVXNUNIGJHOJK
OHHVDOJK/)NNXHVDMJVD$
A/)NNLXJNVX V NYLXN/)NNX\VXV GNY)N=LMHV¦RMGVL]IUODRQV X¦NK\
JNVXN@OJKOHHVDOJK/)NNXHVDMJXNYN6MOJKGN=GMXNOK>NXN
J6$

4-1 mldk mn~ns’; iwjk djus gsrq viuk LFkku ysuk

/UVM 
12
,Lrsj dh ;s ckrsa eksnZdS dks lqukbZ xbZA 13rc eksnZdS us ,Lrsj ds
ikl ;g dgyk Hkstk] fd rw eu gh eu ;g fopkj u dj] fd eSa gh
jktHkou esa jgus ds dkj.k cph jgwaxhA 14D;ksafd tks rw bl le;
pqipki jgs] rks vkSj fdlh u fdlh mik; ls ;gwfn;ksa dk NqVdkjk
vkSj m)kj gks tk,xk] ijarq rw vius firk ds ?kjkus lesr uk’k gksxhA
fQj D;k tkus rq>s ,sls gh dfBu le; ds fy, jktin fey x;k gks\

JHVDOJKOHHVDOJK/)NNXHVDMJXNJ6UNIGWNVLMHV¦RMSNJUN
J6@POVGMVD$

4-2 mldk iz;kstu ikus gsrq viuk LFkku ysuk

MNWN 
1
vkSj fr'oh ,fy¸;kg tks fxykn ds ijnsf'k;ksa esa Fkk] mlus vgkc ls
dgk] blzk,y dk ijes'oj ;gksok ftlds lEeq[k eSa mifLFkr jgrk gwa]
47
 POGV PQaQV¦GNV LZMNGMXV JVUT YLXN/)NNX\VXN

mlds thou dh 'kiFk bu o"kksZa esa esjs fcuk dgs] u rks esg cjlsxk]
vkSj u vksl iM+sxhA 2rc ;gksok dk ;g opu mlds ikl igqapk] 3fd
;gka ls pydj iwjc vksj eq[k djds djhr uke ukys esa tks ;jnu ds
lkeus gS fNi tkA 4mlh ukys dk ikuh rw fi;k dj] vkSj eSaus dkSvksa
dks vkKk nh gS fd os rq>s f[kyk,aA 5;gksok dk ;g opu ekudj og
;jnu ds lkeus ds djhr uke ukys esa tkdj fNik jgkA 6vkSj lcsjs
vkSj lka> dks dks os mlds ikl jksVh vkSj ekal yk;k djrs Fks vkSj
og ukys dk ikuh fi;k djrk FkkA 7dqN fnuksa ds ckn ml ns'k esa o"kkZ
u gksus ds dkj.k ukyk lw[k x;kA 8rc ;gksok dk ;g opu mlds ikl
igqapk] 9fd pydj lhnksu ds lkjir uxj esa tkdj ogha jg % lqu]
eSaus ogka dh ,d fo/kok dks rsjs f[kykus dh vkKk nh gSA

JHVDOJKOHHVDOJK/)NNXHVDMJXNJ6UNIGJHNMVWKRXNVDGVI\
LMHV
RMGVL]NVWXGNV[]JNGMOGVD$
IQJH>NTQYLXN/)NNXXJKDV\VUVYN6MLMHV
RMGVL]NVWXGNV>NNV
QVUVJ6D@UNVJHLMHV
RMGNVQNVNXJKDQVOGUV$
4-3 lqj{kk ikus gsrq viuk LFkku ysuk
+NWX
gs ;gksok ijes’oj eSa vius iw.kZ eu ls rsjk /kU;okn d:axk( eSa rsjs
lc vk’p;Z deksZ dk o.kZu d:axkA

OFOVOTMI^NU/)NNXLMHV¦RMGKE31NGVHJ6@POGN=GNVGMVD
WNVLMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IGYNLGMV@D POK/)NNXHVD MJXNWJNDLMHV¦RM
SNJUNJ6IGYNLMJVD@YN6MPOOHHVDWFLMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IG
YNLGMVD$

48
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

4-4 mUufr ;k c<+rh ikus gsrq viuk LFkku ysuk


NHT\ 
1
blds ckn nkÅn us ;gksok ls iwNk] fd D;k eSa ;gwnk ds fdlh uxj
esa tkÅa\ ;gksok us mlls dgk] gka tkA nkÅn us fQj iwNk] fdl uxj
esa tkÅa\ mlus dgk] gsczksu esaA 2rc nkÅn f;tszyh vghuksve] vkSj
desZyh ukcky dh L=h vchxSy uke] viuh nksuksa ifRu;ksa lesr ogka
x;kA 3vkSj nkÅn vius lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh ,d ,d ds ?kjkus lesr ogka
ys x;k( vkSj os gsczksu ds xkoksa esa jgus yxsA 4vkSj ;gwnh yksx x,]
vkSj ogka nkÅn dk vfHk"ksd fd;k fd og ;gwnk ds ?kjkus dk jktk
gksA

JHVDP8XIU@FUKYN6MIRGNOLNXVJVUTYLXN/)NNX\VXNJ6WNV
LMHV¦RMJHNMVI\SNJUNJ6$

4-5 ijes’oj dh orZeku csnkjh esa jgus gsrq viuk LFkku

ysuk
mnkgj.k %

ihry dk lkai
IX[=HX 
5
ijarq ;fn og nkl n`<+rk ls dgs] fd eSa vius Lokeh] vkSj viuh
iRuh] vkSj ckydksa ls izse j[krk gwa] blfy, eSa Lora= gksdj u pyk
tkÅaxk( 6rks mldk Lokeh mldks ijes'oj ds ikl ys pys( fQj mldks
}kj ds fdokM+ ok cktw ds ikl ys tkdj mlds dku esa lqrkjh ls Nsn
djsa( rc og lnk mldh lsok djrk jgsA 7;fn dksbZ viuh csVh dks
nklh gksus ds fy;s csp Mkys] rks og nklh dh ukbZa ckgj u tk,A 8;fn
mldk Lokeh mldks iRuh cuk,] vkSj fQj ml ls izlé u jgs] rks og
mls nke ls NqM+kbZ tkus ns( mldk fo'okl?kkr djus ds ckn mls
Åijh yksxksa ds gkFk cspus dk mldks vf/kdkj u gksxkA 9vkSj ;fn
49
 POGV PQaQV¦GNV LZMNGMXV JVUT YLXN/)NNX\VXN

mlus mls vius csVs dks C;kg fn;k gks] rks mlls csVh dk lk O;ogkj
djsA

MNWN
mlus Åaps LFkku fxjk fn;s] ykBksa dks rksM+ fn;k] v’ksjk dks dkV
MkykA vkSj ihry dk tks lkai ewlk us cuk;k Fkk] mldks mlus bl
dkj.k pwj pwj dj fn;k] fd mu fnuksa rd blzk,yh mlds fy;s /kwi
tykrs Fks( vkSj mlus mldk uke ugq’krku j[kkA

ewlk
IX[=HX 
1
fQj blzk,fy;ksa dh lkjh e.Myh lhu uke taxy ls fudy pyh] vkSj
;gksok ds vkKkuqlkj dwp djds jihnhe esa vius Msjs [kM+s fd,( vkSj
ogka mu yksxksa dks ihus dk ikuh u feykA 2blfy;s os ewlk ls
oknfookn djds dgus yxs] fd gesa ihus dk ikuh nsA ewlk us muls
dgk] rqe eq>ls D;ksa oknfookn djrs gks\ vkSj ;gksok dh ijh{kk D;ksa
djrs gks\ 3fQj ogka yksxksa dks ikuh dh I;kl yxh rc os ;g dgdj
ewlk ij cqM+cqM+kus yxs] fd rw gesa yM+dsckyksa vkSj i'kqvksa lesr
I;klksa ekj Mkyus ds fy;s felz ls D;ksa ys vk;k gS\ 4rc ewlk us ;gksok
dh nksgkbZ nh] vkSj dgk] bu yksxksa ls eSa D;k d:a\ ;s lc eq>s
iRFkjokg djus dks rS;kj gSaA 5;gksok us ewlk ls dgk] blzk,y ds o`)
yksxksa esa ls dqN dks vius lkFk ys ys( vkSj ftl ykBh ls rw us uhy
unh ij ekjk Fkk] mls vius gkFk esa ysdj yksxksa ds vkxs c<+ pyA
6
ns[k] eSa rsjs vkxs pydj gksjsc igkM+ dh ,d pêku ij [kM+k jgwaxk(
vkSj rw ml pêku ij ekjuk] rc mlesa ls ikuh fudysxk] ftlls ;s
yksx ih,aA rc ewlk us blzk,y ds o`) yksxksa ds ns[krs oSlk gh fd;kA

50
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

I[XUK 
6
rc ewlk vkSj gk:u e.Myh ds lkeus ls feykiokys rEcw ds }kj ij
tkdj vius eqag ds cy fxjsA vkSj ;gksok dk rst mudks fn[kkbZ
fn;kA 7rc ;gksok us ewlk ls dgk] 8ml ykBh dks ys] vkSj rw vius
HkkbZ gk:u lesr e.Myh dks bdëk djds muds ns[krs ml pêku ls
ckrsa dj] rc og viuk ty nsxh( bl izdkj ls rw pêku esa ls muds
fy;s ty fudky dj e.Myh ds yksxksa vkSj muds i'kqvksa dks fiykA
9
;gksok dh bl vkKk ds vuqlkj ewlk us mlds lkeus ls ykBh dks ys
fy;kA 10vkSj ewlk vkSj gk:u us e.Myh dks ml pêku ds lkeus bdëk
fd;k] rc ewlk us mlls dgk] gs naxk djusokyks] lquks( D;k ge dks
bl pêku esa ls rqEgkjs fy;s ty fudkyuk gksxk\ 11rc ewlk us gkFk
mBkdj ykBh pêku ij nks ckj ekjh( vkSj mlesa ls cgqr ikuh QwV
fudyk] vkSj e.Myh ds yksx vius i'kqvksa lesr ihus yxsA 12ijarq
ewlk vkSj gk:u ls ;gksok us dgk] rqeus tks eq> ij fo'okl ugha
fd;k] vkSj eq>s blzk,fy;ksa dh n`f"V esa ifo= ugha Bgjk;k] blfy;s
rqe bl e.Myh dks ml ns'k esa igqapkus u ikvksxs ftls eSaus mUgsa fn;k
gSA

;wgUuk ds f'k";
ZJ8XN@
36
vkSj mlus ;h'kq ij tks tk jgk Fkk n`f"V djds dgk] ßns[kks] ;g
ijes'oj dk esEuk gSAÞ 37rc os nksuksa psys mldh ;g lqudj ;h'kq ds
ihNs gks fy,A

• /)NNLX@I/)NIUIXNN=MNNYLXN/)NNX\VXN+NN6[NVI\G@ONHNIWG@
2NRONIGNODFDNLMGJNVOGUNJ6$
• /)NNLXJHNMVWKRXNVDGVJM^NV HVD\N[ZJNVUNJ6$

51
 POGV PQaQV¦GNV LZMNGMXV JVUT YLXN/)NNX\VXN

4-6 tc vki viuk LFkku ysrs gSa] rc fuEufyf[kr ckrksa

dks /;ku esa j[ksa
• 1NV0QVXVGVI\U6NMMJVD$
mnkgj.k % \ZUGKL5XK
• Y.NUHVDGQHFNXVGVI\U6NMMJVD
EF]NIXNVD 
fo’okl gh ls bczkghe tc cqyk;k x;k rks vkKk ekudj ,slh txg
fudy x;k] ftls ehjkl esa ysusokyk Fkk] vkSj ;g u tkurk Fkk fd
eSa fd/kj tkrk gwa( rkSHkh fudy x;kA

• YNLG6OVL]RV¦NGMUVJ6D@G6OVWNUVJ6DEOIRNHVDONRNNXMJVD$
• FQ\NRGVI\U6NMMJVD$
• YN[VFXVOVLJ\V@POGVI\U6NMKGMVD$
• G+NKG+NKLMHV¦RMYNLGKI/)NIUIXNN=MNGMXVJVUTQZOMNVDGV
GNNV=D GNPLNV[GMV[N$
mnkgj.k % ZOT4
• TXKIUGFXVD$\^JKXJNVGM+N9GUVXMJVD$
• LMHV¦RMYNLGK[\IUNVDOVF0NJ6$RJYNLGNVPOGKE31N
GVYXTONMGMXVJVUTI4M/)NNLXGMV[N$
mnkgj.k %HZONYN6MNVXN

52
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

5
Åaph cqykgV dh dher
YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV
RMGVPQaQV
GNVLZMNGMXVJVUTYNLGNV
GT1GKHUSTGNXKJNV[K$
\ZGN
vkSj tks dksbZ viuk Øwl u mBk,] vkSj esjs ihNs u vk,] og Hkh esjk
psyk ugha gks ldrkA

[\NIUNVD
ijarq ,slk u gks] fd eSa vkSj fdlh ckr dk ?ke.M d:a] dsoy gekjs
izHkq ;h'kq elhg ds Øwl dk ftlds }kjk lalkj esjh n`f"V esa vkSj eSa
lalkj dh n`f"V esa Øwl ij p<+k;k x;k gwaA

Øwl
• NUXNGN/)NNXJ6@
• Y\[NRGN/)NNXJ6
• FI\QNXGN/)NNXJ6
FI\QNX IWOLMYNLGNYINGNMJ6POR/UTGNV5N[XN
I4I\I,LNVD 
ijUrq tks tks ckrsa esjs ykHk dh Fkha] mUgha dks eSaus elhg ds dkj.k
gkfu le> fy;k gSA

ZJ8XN 
24
eSa rqels lp lp dgrk gwa] fd tc rd xsgwa dk nkuk Hkwfe esa iM+dj
ej ugha tkrk] og vdsyk jgrk gS( ijUrq tc ej tkrk gS] rks cgqr
53
 cDSKFT\NJ9GKGKHU

Qy ykrk gSA 25tks vius izk.k dks fiz; tkurk gS og mls [kks nsrk
gS( tks bl txr es vius izk.k dks vfiz; tkurk gS] og vuUr thou
ds fy, mldh j{kk djsxkA 26;fn dksbZ esjh lsok djs] rks esjs ihNs gks
ys( vkSj tgka eSa gwa] ogka esjk lsod Hkh gksxk( ;fn dksbZ esjh lsok djs]
rks firk mldk vknj djsxkA

YNLGV`NMNIGN[NJMFI\QNXYNLGNVLMHV¦RMGVMN7GVI\
YN6MF0K\N+NQNGUNHVD\VWN[N$

5-1 izfr fnu ds cfynku

GTIMI8)NNVD  
30
vkSj ge Hkh D;ksa gj iy tksf[ke esa iM+s jgrs gSa\ 31gs Hkkb;ks] eq>s
ml ?ke.M dh lksag tks gekjs elhg ;h'kq esa eSa rqEgkjs fo"k; esa djrk
gwa] fd eSa izfrfnu ejrk gwaA 32;fn eSa euq"; dh jhfr ij bfQlql esa
ou&i'kqvksa ls yM+k] rks eq>s D;k ykHk gqvk\ ;fn eqnsZ ftyk, ugha
tk,axs] rks vkvks] [kk,&ih,] D;ksafd dy rks ej gh tk,axsA 33/kks[kk
u [kkuk] cqjh laxfr vPNs pfj= dks fcxkM+ nsrh gSA

L]IUIQXGVFI\QNXRVFNUVDJNVOGUKJ6D@W6OVYXNR¦GFNUNVDOV
>NTQGNVQZMGMXN@Y8\NV[ÑYNLGVON)NKÐIWXGNHNVDGNVGMUVJ6D@
P8JVDXGMXVGNSTXNRGMXN@YNIQ$
GTIMI8)NNVD  
24
D;k rqe ugha tkurs fd nkSM+ essa rks nkSM+rs lc gh gSa] ijUrq buke
,d gh ys tkrk gS\ rqe oSls gh nkSM+ks] fd thrksA 25vkSj gj ,d
igyoku lc izdkj dk la;e djrk gS] os rks ,d eqj>kusokys eqdqV
dks ikus ds fy, ;g lc djrs gSa] ijUrq ge rks ml eqdqV ds fy,
djrs gSa] tks eqj>kus dk ughaA 26blfy, eSa rks blh jhfr ls nkSM+rk
gwa] ijUrq csfBdkus ugha] eSa Hkh blh jhfr ls eqDdksa ls yM+rk gwa] ijUrq
mlds leku ugha tks gok ihVrk gqvk yM+rk gSA 27ijUrq eSa viuh nsg

54
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

dks ekjrk dwVrk] vkSj o’k esa ykrk gwa( ,slk u gks fd vkSjksa dks izpkj
djds eSa vki gh fdlh jhfr ls fudEek Bg:aA

MNVIHNVD 
1
blfy, gs Hkkb;ks] eSa rqels ijes'oj dh n;k Lej.k fnyk dj fcurh
djrk gwa] fd vius 'kjhjksa dks thfor] vkSj ifo=] vkSj ijes'oj dks
Hkkork gqvk cfynku djds p<+kvks( ;gh rqEgkjh vkfRed lsok gSA 2vkSj
bl lalkj ds ln`'k u cuks] ijUrq rqEgkjh cqf) ds u, gks tkus ls
rqEgkjk pky&pyu Hkh cnyrk tk,] ftlls rqe ijes'oj dh Hkyh]
vkSj Hkkorh] vkSj fl) bPNk vuqHko ls ekywe djrs jgksA

5-2 thou cfynku

PQNJMNYF]NJHÑP5LI5UÐ@HZONÑEF]NIXNVD Ð
WKRXFI\QNXRVHT>FI\QNXJ6D WNVYNLLMHV¦RMGVMN7GVI\
GMUV J6D$
PQNJMN+NN6[NVI\GQCI9OV QZOMV /)NNXHVD I4MWNGMFOXN@
XN6GMK5N[XN@YNIQ$

5-3 vkRek dh vxqokbZ esa fd, x, cfynku vkSj 'kkjhfjd

cfynku
ZJ8XN
D;ksafd tks 'kjhj ls tUek gS] og 'kjhj gS( vkSj tks vkRek ls tUek
gS] og vkRek gSA

GTIMI8)NNVD  
12
vkSj ;fn dksbZ bl uso ij lksuk ;k pkUnh ;k cgqeksy iRFkj ;k dkB
;k ?kkl ;k Qwl dk jík j[ks] 13rks gj ,d dk dke izxV gks tk,xk]
D;ksafd og fnu mls crk,xk] blfy, fd vkx ds lkFk izxV gksxk]

55
 cDSKFT\NJ9GKGKHU

vkSj og vkx gj ,d dk dke ij[ksxh fd dSlk gS\ 14ftldk dke ml

ij cuk gqvk fLFkj jgsxk] og etnwjh ik,xkA 15vkSj ;fn fdlh dk
dke ty tk,xk] rks og gkfu mBk,xk( ij og vki cp tk,xk] ijUrq
tyrs tyrsA

MNVIHNVD 
1
blfy, gs Hkkb;ks] eSa rqels ijes'oj dh n;k Lej.k fnyk dj fcurh
djrk gwa] fd vius 'kjhjksa dks thfor] vkSj ifo=] vkSj ijes'oj dks
Hkkork gqvk cfynku djds p<+kvks( ;gh rqEgkjh vkfRed lsok gSA 2vkSj
bl lalkj ds ln`'k u cuks] ijUrq rqEgkjh cqf) ds u, gks tkus ls
rqEgkjk pky&pyu Hkh cnyrk tk,] ftlls rqe ijes'oj dh Hkyh]
vkSj Hkkorh] vkSj fl) bPNk vuqHko ls ekywe djrs jgksA

• WNVGKHULMHV¦RMSNJUNJ6IGYNLSTGND@RJ¥NNQQZOMNVD
GNVSTGNXNXL0V$
• YNXDQGVON)NGKHUSTGND$

56
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

6
viuh nkSM+ iwjh djuk
\ZGN 
27
vkSj tks dksbZ viuk Øwl u mBk,] vkSj esjs ihNs u vk,] og Hkh esjk
psyk ugha gks ldrkA 28rqeesa ls dkSu gS fd x<+ cukuk pkgrk gks] vkSj
igys cSBdj [kpZ u tksM+s] fd iwjk djus dh lkeFkZ eq> esa gS ;k ugha\
29
dgha ,slk u gks] fd tc uso Mkydj rS;kj u dj lds] rks lc
ns[kusokys ;g dgdj mls Bëksa esa mM+kus yxsa] 30fd ;g euq"; cukus
rks yxk] ijarq iwjk u dj ldk\ 31;k dkSu ,slk jktk gS] tks nwljs
jktk ls ;q) djus tkrk gks] vkSj igys cSBdj fopkj u dj ys fd
D;k eSa nl gtkj ysdj mldk lkEkuk dj ldrk gwa] ;k ugha] tks chl
gtkj ysdj eq> ij p<+ dj vkrk gS\ 32ugha rks mlds nwj jgrs gh]
og nwrksa dks Hkstdj feyki djuk pkgsxkA 33blh jhfr ls rqeesa ls tks
dksbZ viuk lc dqN R;kx u ns] rks og esjk psyk ugha gks ldrkA
34
ued rks vPNk gS] ijUrq ;fn ued dk Lokn fcxM+ tk,] rks og
fdl oLrq ls uedhu fd;k tk,xk\ 35og u rks Hkwfe ds vkSj u [kkn
ds fy, dke esa vkrk gS( mls rks yksx ckgj Qsad nsrs gSaA ftlds
lquus ds dku gksa og lqu ysAÞ

FVJUM¦NTRNUGMXNJKGN4KXJKDJ6@JHVDYLXKQN60LZMKGMXVGV
I\NKMWGK+NKYNR¦GUNJ6$
6-1 fu;kstu
JHVD GKHUSTGNXNJ6$EOL]INGNG+NN[J6 AIXNVWXN
NVWXNFXNXN$ IXNVWXGNHU\FJ6 QZMQCI9M>NXN$JYNXV
RN\K"N9XNYNVDGKL]5N
NNJ6YN6MFNQHVDUGMXNJ6IG'NIGN
WN$

57
 YLXKQN60 LZMKGMXN

XKIURSX
vius ikao /kjus ds fy;s ekxZ dks leFkj dj] vkSj rsjs lc ekxZ Bhd
jgsaA

XKIURSX 
6
gs vkylh] P;wafV;ksa ds ikl tk( muds dke ij /;ku ns] vkSj cqf/
neku gksA 7muds u rks dksbZ U;k;h gksrk gS] u iz/kku] vkSj u izHkqrk
djusokyk] 8rkSHkh os viuk vkgkj /kwidky esa lap; djrh gSa] vkSj
dVuh ds le; viuh HkkstuoLrq cVksjrh gSaA

XKIURSX 
8
prqj dh cqf/n viuh pky dk tkuuk gS] ijUrq ew[kksZa dh ew<+rk Ny
djuk gSA 9ew<+ yksx nks"kh gksus dks Bëk tkurs gSa] ijUrq lh/ks yksxksa
ds chp vuqxzg gksrk gSA 10eu viuk gh nq%[k tkurk gS] vkSj ijns'kh
mlds vkuUn esa gkFk ugha Mky ldrkA 11nq"Vksa dk ?kj fouk'k gks
tkrk gS] ijUrq lh/ks yksxksa ds rEcw esa vkcknh gksrh gSA 12,slk ekxZ gS]
tks euq"; dks Bhd ns[k iM+rk gS] ijUrq mlds vUr esa e`R;q gh feyrh
gSA 13galh ds le; Hkh eu mnkl gksrk gS] vkSj vkuUn ds vUr esa 'kksd
gksrk gSA 14ftldk eu bZ'oj dh vksj ls gV tkrk gS] og viuh
pkypyu dk Qy Hkksxrk gS] ijUrq Hkyk euq"; vki gh vki lUrq"V
gksrk gSA 15Hkksyk rks gj ,d ckr dks lp ekurk gS] ijUrq prqj euq";
le> cw>dj pyrk gSA

XKIURSX
prqj euq"; foifÙk dks vkrs ns[kdj fNi tkrk gS( ijUrq Hkksys yksx
vkxs c<+dj n.M Hkksxrs gSaA

JHNMVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGKE31N'NJ6EO.NXGVYXTONM
JHNVWXNFXNUVJ6D$JH>NTQGNVYN6MYLXKNVWXNYNVDGNVPOGK
E31NGVYN[VOHIL=UGMUVJ6D$

58
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

GTIMI8)NNVD  
15
vkSj bl Hkjksls ls eSa pkgrk Fkk fd igys rqEgkjs ikl vkÅa] fd rqEgsa
,d vkSj nku feysA 16vkSj rqEgkjs ikl ls gksdj efdnqfu;k dks tkÅa]
vkSj fQj efdnqfu;k ls rqEgkjs ikl vkÅa( vkSj rqe eq>s ;gwfn;k dh
vksj dqN nwj rd igqapkvksA 17blfy, eSaus tks ;g bPNk dh Fkh rks
D;k eSa us papyrk fn[kkbZ\ ;k tks djuk pkgrk gwa D;k 'kjhj ds
vuqlkj djuk pkgrk gwa] fd eSa ckr esa gka] gka Hkh d:aA

JH
NMKMGV YXTONMNVWXNXJKD FXNUV@LMDUT YN5HNGV YXTONM
FXNUVJ6D$
JHVDYN5HN`NMNL]VIMUNVWXNYNVDGNVFXNXNYN6MYH\HVD\NXNJ6WNV
JHVD YDIUHMV>NNUGYN[V FXV HVD OJNGJNVD[V$LMHV¦RMJHV¦NN
JHNMKFTI@UG=YN6MIRSNMGNVJ9NGMGNHXJKDGMUNÑ_IL
G+NKG+NKRJVONGMUNJ6Ð$LMHV¦RMJKXVJHVDFTI@UG=YN6M
IRSNMIQJ6DYN6MWFJHYLXVHXNVDGNVPOGVJN)NNVDHVDON6DLUVJ6D@
UFRJPXIRSNMNVD#NVWXNYNVD#G<LXNYNVD#MNXKIUNVD GNV L]VIMU
GMOGUNJ6WNVJHVDPXNVWXNYNVDHVDYN[VFNUKJ6DIWXGKNVWXN
POXVGKJ6$OH/NJJ6IGG+NKG+NKJHEUXVYING†YN5HN
HVDÊFJWNUVJ6DIGJHPOHNHGNVY\[GMQVUVJ6DIWOVPOXV
FXNNJ6@IWOVRJPLNV[GMUNJ6@Y)NN=UaJHNMNHX#FTI$N
EOGVIRLMKUJHNMVYNNTIXGUHUMKGV#ONNX#UGXKGVDYNIQGV
ON)NJHEUXVYINGA¦NMKMHVD S\XV\[UVJ6DIGJHYN5HN'N
GJMJNJ6JOTXJKXJKDLNUV$

ikLVj tSd gsQksMZ }kjk fyf[kr ^vkRek }kjk izsfjr fu;kstu*

ij fVIif.k;ka
WFG+NKRJJHVDLV]IMUGMUNJ6IGJHYINGYNHQXKGKYLV^NN
GMVD@JHPOGVYXTONML]N)N=XNGMUVJ6D$WFG+NKJHG9N6UKGMXV
GKWMUHJOZOGMUV J6D@JHIFXNYLMNNKHJOZOIGVON
59
 YLXKQN60 LZMKGMXN

GMUVJ6D$†\^ÊJHIXNN=IMUXJKDGMUV@EOI\JHVDPOVFSNXVGK
YNR¦GUNXJKDJ6$JLMHV¦RMGNPQaQV¦J6WNVOHGVON)N
OH!NWNUNJ6$
WF
NNMKIMGYNRV
NYNI5HG\^GVON)NWT0WNUNJ6@UF\NV[
YN6MOD/)NNYNVDGN^NJNVXV\[UNJ6$
LMHV¦RMGK2R/)NNHVD@G+NKEOL]GNMIXMN¦NNWXGLIMI/)NIU
P5L8XXJKDJNVUKIG\NV[NVD GNVGTS\QVD N>NMNE=GKGKHUSTGNGM
YNI)N=GIXRVQXGNYN[]JIGNWN$
LMDUTJHNMKE31NAW8HGKNVWXNFXNXN XJKDJ6@FI<G†NVWXNGNV
W8HQVXNJ6$ÊQ¦N=XGKLIMG<LXN@NVWXNYNVD GKO[+N=UN@YN6ML]OR
GVI\[+N=NNMNJOFGT1L]N)N=XNGKYQ(YN5HNYN6MY[TRNE=
GMXVJVUTLIR YN5HNLMLZN=IX+N=MUNGVON)NYXTOMNIGNWNUN
J6 UNIGOTNNMGMVD@OHUGMVD@IR¦RNOGNVLV]IMUGMVD@ODON
NXNVDGNVHT'UGMVD@YN6MP¿NMGVI\L]NV5ONJXQVD$
• JHLIR YN5HNGVHN[=Q
N=XGV/L9JONOGVF[6MGNVE=
IW(HVQNMK/RKGNMXJKVD GMVD[V@IWOGKLTI9L]NSKXNVD `NMNGK
[E= JNV$
• JHL]NV8XIUNNXEG9a%NGMXV RN\V IGOK+NKONNXNVD GN
PLNV[XJKDGMVD[VWNVL]+NNRKJNVXVGVI\HXTGKL]IU+NNN

N6\KLMIX+N=MJ6D$
• JHVOVIGOK+NKFNUGNYXTOMNXJKDGMVD[VWNVYNMNNXN@
IM
UN@I
NUNYN6MOVRGNE=GKL]N)NIHGUNYNVDGNVXWMY8QNW
GMUNJ6$
• JHY5ING@L]N@YN6MJHV¦NNL]N)N=XNGMVD[V$
• JHLMHV
RMLM+NMNVONGMUVJTIRSNMGMVD[VIGRJJHO+NNVD
GNV/L9UN@OTOD[IUYN6MGNII\UL]QNXGMV$
60
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

• JWNXUVJTIG†IR¦RNOGVIFXNLMHV¦RMGNVL]O8XGMXN
YXJNVXNJ6ÊJHIR¦RNOGMVD[V$WFJHVONGMDV[V@UFRJ
YLXVPQaQV¦GNVJHHVDFXVQV[N$
6-2 vafre js[kk rd nkSM+uk
EF]NIXNVD @
1
bl dkj.k tcfd xokgksa dk ,slk cM+k ckny gedks ?ksjs gq, gS] rks
vkvks] gj ,d jksdusokyh oLrq] vkSj my>kusokys iki dks nwj djds]
og nkSM+ ftlesa gesa nkSM+uk gS] /khjt ls nkSMs+a] 2vkSj fo’okl ds drkZ
vkSj fl) djusokys ;h’kq dh vksj rkdrs jgsa( ftlus ml vkuUn ds
fy, tks mlds vkxs /kjk Fkk] yTtk dh dqN fpUrk u djds] Øwl dk
nq[k lgk( vkSj flagklu ij ijes’oj ds nkfgus tk cSBkA

JHNMKQN60GNVLZMNGMXVGVI\IGOFNUGKYNR¦GUNJNV[K?
YFH6D'NGMOGUNJZDIWOOVHT!VJYN¦RNOXL]N,UJNVIGH6D
YI8UHMV>NNUGYLXKQN60LZMKGD[N?
• JMFNV!GNVJ9NGMM>NVD$
• POLNLGNVJ9NGMM>NVDWNVJHVDYNONXKOVFJGNUNJ6$
• NKMWGVON)NQN60VD$
• K¦NTGKYNVMQV>NVD$
izsfjr ikSyql
LV]IMUNVDGVGNH 
22
vkSj vc ns[kks] eSa vkRek esa cU/kk gqvk ;:’kyse dks tkrk gwa] vkSj
ughsa tkurk] fd ogka eq> ij D;k D;k chrsxk\ 23dsoy ;g fd ifo=
vkRek gj uxj esa xokgh ns nsdj eq> ls dgrk gS] fd cU/ku vkSj
Dys’k rsjs fy, rS;kj gaSA 24ijUrq eSa vius izk.k dks dqN ugha le>rk%
fd mls fiz; tkuwa] oju~ ;g fd eSa viuh nkSM+ dks] vkSj ml lsodkbZ
61
 YLXKQN60 LZMKGMXN

dks iwjh d:a] tks eSaus ijes’oj ds vuqxzg ds lqlekpkj ij xokgh nsus
ds fy, izHkq ;h’kq ls ik;h gSA

LV]IMUNVDGVGNH
ijUrq ikSyql us mÙkj fn;k] ßrqe D;k djrs gks] fd jks jksdj esjk eu
rksM+rs gks( eSa rks izHkq ;h’kq ds uke ds fy, ;:’kyse esa u dsoy
ckU/ks tkus gh ds fy,] oju~ ejus ds fy, Hkh rS;kj gwaA

LN6\TOXV>NTQGVL]NNGNVIL]XJKDWNXN@UNIGRJYLXKQN60GNV
YN6MPOOVRGNE=GNVWNVPOVON6DLK[E=)NK@LZMNGMOGV$
UKHTI)NTO 
6
D;ksafd vc eSa v?kZ ds leku maMsyk tkrk gwa] vkSj esjs dwp dk le;
vk igqapk gSA 7eSa vPNh dq'rh yM+ pqdk gwa] eSaus viuh nkSM+ iwjh dj
yh gS] eSaus fo'okl dh j[kokyh dh gSA 8Hkfo"; esa esjs fy, /keZ dk
og eqdqV j[kk gqvk gS] ftls izHkq] tks /kehZ] vkSj U;k;h gS] eq>s ml
fnu nsxk] vkSj eq>s gh ugha] oju~ mu lc dks Hkh] tks mlds izxV
gksus dks fiz; tkurs gSaA

YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV¦RMGV/R,XGNYXTOMNGMUVJTYLXK
N NGNYNXDQ\VD

62
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

vkWy ihiYl ppZ ds izfrHkkxh

/)NNXKG\KIONGVLHVDODLZN=+NNMUQV
NHVD@IR
NVNGMP¿NM+NNMUHVD
OTOHNSNML]SNMGMXVGV`NMNYN:\LKL<OSS=YLXKOKHNYNVDGVLNMOVRN
GMUNJ6POGNHT>\^ÑYÐY[TRNVDGNVQCGMXN@ÑFÐWRNXNVDGNVOVRN
GVI\OTOI7WUGMXNYN6MÑGÐHOKJGKQVJGKP8XIUGMXNJ6$ODLZ N=
RN=+NMWRNXNVD@YN6MLNOFNXNVD U)NNOVRGNVD GV I\GE= L]I
N^NNGN=HNVD
YN6MLNOFNXNVD GKHJNO+NNYNVD GNYNNVWXIGNWNUNJ6$EOGV Y\NRN@
RSXHVD YN6MYN5HNHVD IR
RNIONVD GKP8XIUGMXVGVPQaQV
OVYD[V]WKU)NN
Y8GE=+NNMUK+NNNNYNVD HVD LT/UGNVD GKGE=JWNMNVD L]IUNDIRXNHZ<IRUMKU
GKWNUKJ6$D
IWXFNUNVD GKYNVMLMHV
RMJHNMKY[TRNE= GMMJNJ6 POGV I\GN4K
L6ONVD GKWMUJNVUKJ6$JHYNLGNVIXHDI UGMUVJ6D IGGOHGK
+NVD9NHNIOGHQQ+NVWGMYNI)N=GLOVJHNMVON)N+NN[KQNMFXVD$QV
N
+NMHVDJHNMVEOGN=HVDJHNMKOJNUNGMXVJVUTYNLGV`NMN+NVWK[E=GNVE=
+NKMGHOMNJXKJNV[K$
YNLYLXK+NV9D †YN:\LKL<OSS=@F6[ D \NVMÊGVXNHOVSVG#F6GD 0‘N…9GV
WIMJHNMVYN:I4OGVLUVLM+NVWOGUVJ6$D Y8)NNYNLYLXNNV[QNX
OKNVJHNMVF6DG>NNUVGKWNXGNMK\VGMOKNVF6DGHDVWHNGMOGUVJ6D$
ÑfLNEOFNUGNVNXHVD M>NVD YN:\LKL<OSS=GVLNO4OKYNM
LMHK9XJKDJ6@YUJHGVR\+NNMUKXN[IMGNVD OVF6GD NV[QNXLNOGUV
J6$D IQYNLSNJUVJ6@D UNVQNX+NVWUVOH@YNL/L9LOVJI\>N
OGUVJ6D IGLKOKGKIGOOVRGNE=GVI\YNLYLXVQNX+NVWXNSNJUV
J6D$Ð
F6G
D >NNUVGNXNHYN:\LKL<OSS=
>NNUN HNDG  
YN4OOKHNDG CITI
F6G
D  Citibank N.A., 506-507, Level 5, Prestige Meridian 2, # 30, M.G. Road,
Bangalore - 560 001
POKUMJ@fLNWF+NKJNV OGV@JHVD YN6MJHNMKOVRGNE= GNV L]N)N=XNHVD
/HMNM>NVD$/kU;okn vkSj ijes'oj vkidks vk'kh"k nsA
63
 vkWy ihiYl ppZ ds izdk'ku
FQ\NR LIM
NGMXVRN\VGKYN[
YLXKFT\NJ9OVOH!N6UNXGMVD 2I'U[UYN6MLKINVDGVF8XNVD
YN
NNX1NV0VD GNVUNV0XN
LMHV
RMGVPtV
NVDGNVW8HQVXN YNLGVWKRXGVI\LMHV
RMGV
PQaQV
GNVLJSNXXN
LMHV
RMG+N\NLMHV
RMJ6
MN7GNIXHN=NGMXVRN\V
LMHV
RMGNRSX
>NT\NJTYN/R[=
O3SNE=
JHHOKJHDVGN6XJ6D
JHNMN1T9GNMN
E=
RMKfLN
OHL=NGKONH)N=
LMHV
RMGNMN7
JHI+N8XJ6D

NJM2NLKG\KIONHVDE=
RMK
GN=/)N\LMHIJ\ND 2R/)NN
WN[CIUHVDG\KION HXGKWKU
L]5VGGNHGNGOH W0LMGT<JN0KM>NXN
YNI5HGHXOVLIMLZN=YN6MLC)RK LMHV
RMGKPLI/)NIU
LMFTIHNX GNHGVL]IUFNEF\GNMR6N
LIR N\NV[NVDGNVIOFXNXN .NX@L]GN
NYN6MONH)N=GN
YLXVLN/9MGKG6OVOJNUNGMVVD YN5HN
G\JMIJUWKRXWKXN Y8Y8+NNNNYNVDHVDFNV\XVGV
GRN/UIRG/)NNXWNV/R[= YQ+NTU\N+N
GJ\NUNJ6 L]NSKXIS8J

PL=T'UO+NKLT/UGNVDGVLK0K4OD/GMNIX
NT<G0NcX\NV0GVI\JHNMVSS=RVFONE=9
LMPL\&NJ6D$EXHVDOVGE=LT/UGVDY8+NNNNYNVDHVD+NKPL\&NJ6D$EXLT/UGNVDGKIX
NT<G
L]IUNDL]N,UGMXVJVUTfLNJHOVE= HV\N0NG`NMNODLG=GMVD$
MIRRNMGVODQV
NGVHLKYN:I0NVIMGNI0=D[@U)NNGN:8É8OYN6MJHNMV[N:09K2JKGN=H
AI\IRD[/9‘ND[ GVIRI0NVIMGNI0=D[GNVOTXXVNQV>NXVGVI\JHNMVRVFONE=9GNV+NVD9QVD$

64
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

ckbcy dkWyst
IR
ROXKRDNV;/ KYN6MLTNNVDGNVOTOI7WUGMXV@L]I
NI^NUGMXVYN6M+NNMU
U)NNY8QV
NNVDHVDOVRNJVUT+NVWXVGVPQaQV
OVYN:[/9HVDYN:\LKL<OSS=
FNEF\GN:\VWRDIHIX/9‘K9‘VIXD[OV89MÑAPC - BC& MTCÐGK/)NNLXNGK
[E=@UNIG[NDRNVD@X[MNDVYN6M
NJMNVDGNVK
NTHOKJGVI\L]+NNIRUIGNWNOGV$
APC - BC& MTC nks dk;ZØe iznku djrk gS %
➢ QNVON\GNckbcy dkWystGN=HLZN=GN\KXIR_NI)N=NVDGVI\J6YN6M
P5f9I
N^NNGVON)NYNI5HGYN6M2RJNIMGOVRNL]I
N^NNL]QNXGMUNJ6$
QNVRNK=GN=HLZMNGMXVGVFNQIR_NI)N=NVDGNVfMIyksek bu fFk;ksykWth
vW.M fØf'p;u fefuLVªh ÑDip. Th.& CMÐL]QNXGKWN[K$
➢ L]VI'9G\IHIX/9‘K9‘VIXD[FNEF\GN:\VWGVPXLQaRKNMNVDGVI\J6WNV
2RJNIMGL]I
N^NNLNXNSNJUV J6D$GNQNV ON\LZMNGMXV RN\NVD GNV
lfVZfQdsV bu izsfDVdy fefuLVªh L]QNXIGNWN[NWNVPXGVL]I
N^NN
GN\GNVQ
NN=UNJ6$
G^NNDYD[]VWKHVDJNVUKJD6$JHNMVLNOL]I
NI^NUU)NNYI+NN'UI
N^NGJ6D$
EOGVYIUIM'U@OXHVD@SN(LNII
SXJN:I/L9\GKOJ+NNI[UNOVJHXV
SN(LN@15UKO[HVDYLXVL])NHY<LGN\KXÑHJKXVÐGN=HGNODSN\X
IGN$JHXVEOGN:\VWOVIR_I)N=NVDGNVL]I
NI^NUIGN$

65
 D;k vki ml ijes'oj dks tkurs gaS
tks vkidks I;kj djrk gS\
yxHkx 2000 o"kZ igys ijes'oj bl lalkj esa ,d euq"; cudj vk,A mudk uke
;h'kq gSA mUgksaus iw.kZ ikijfgr thou th;kA pw¡fd ;h'kq ekuo :i esa ijes'oj Fks] mUgksaus
tks dqN dgk vkSj fd;k mlds }kjk gekjs le{k ijes'oj dks izdV fd;kA mUgksaus tks
opu dgs os ijes'oj ds gh opu FksA tks dk;Z mUgksaus fd;s os ijes'oj ds dk;Z FksA
;h'kq us cgqr ls peRdkj bl i`Foh ij fd;sA mUgksaus chekjksa vkSj ihfM+rksa dks paxk fd;kA
vaèkksa dks vka[ksa nha] cfgjksa ds dku [kksys] yaxM+ksa dks pyk;k vkSj gj izdkj dh chekjh
vkSj jksx dks paxk fd;kA mUgksaus peRdkj djds dqN jksfV;ksa ls cgqrksa dks [kkuk f[kyk;k
FkkA rwiQku dks 'kkUr fd;k vkSj vU; cgqr ls vn~Hkqr dke fd,A
;s lHkh dk;Z gekjs le{k ;g izdV djrs gSa fd ijes'oj ,d Hkyk ijes'oj
gS tks ;g pkgrk fd euq"; Bhd] LoLFk vkSj izlUu jgsaA ijes'oj euq";ksa dh
lHkh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ djuk pkgrk gSA
ijes'oj us ekuo cudj bl i`Foh ij vkus dk fu'p; D;ksa fd;k\ ;h'kq bl lalkj
esa D;ksa vk,\
ge lcus iki fd;k gS vkSj ,sls dke fd, gSa tks ijes'oj ds le{k xzg.k ;ksX; ugha
gaS ftlus gesa cuk;k gSA iki ds ifj.kke gksrs gSaA iki ,d cM+h nhokj dh rjg ijes'oj
vkSj gekjs chp esa [kM+h gSA iki gesa ijes'oj ls vyx djrk gSA og geas mls tkuus
vkSj mlls vFkZiw.kZ lEcUèk LFkkfir djus ls jksdrk gS ftlus gesa cuk;k gSA vr% geesa
ls cgqr ls yksx bl [kkyhiu dks vU; oLrqvkas ls Hkjuk pkgrs gSaA
gekjs ikiksa dk ,d vkSj ifj.kke ;g gS fd ge ijes'oj ls lnk ds fy, nwj jgrs
gSaA ijes'oj ds U;k;ky; esa iki dk n.M e`R;q gSA e`R;q ijes'oj ls lnk ds fy, vyxko
gS tks gesa udZ esa fcrkuk iM+sxkA
ijUrq 'kqHk lekpkj ;g gS fd ge iki ls eqDr gksdj ijes'oj ls lEcUèk j[k ldrs
gSaA ckbcy dgrh gS] ^^iki dh etnwjh (Hkqxrku) rks e`R;q gS] ijUrq ijes'oj
dk ojnku gekjs izHkq elhg ;h'kq esa vuUr thou gS** (jksfe;kas 6%23)A ;h'kq us
lkjs lalkj ds ikiksa ds fy, ewY; pqdk;k tc mlus Øwl ij vius izk.k fn;sA rc rhljs
fnu og thfor gks x,] cgqrksa dks mUgksaus vius vkidks thfor fn[kk;k vkSj rc og
okil LoxZ pys x,A
ijes'oj izse vkSj n;k dk ijes'oj gSA og ugha pkgrk fd dksbZ Hkh udZ esa uk'k gksA
blfy, og vk;k rkfd lkjh ekuo tkfr dks iki ls NqVdkjs vkSj mlds vuUr ifj.kkeksa
66
YNLGV WKRXGV I\LMHV
RMGV PQaQV
GNV LJSNXXN

ls cpk ldsA og ikfi;ksa dks cpkusμ vki vkSj eq> tSls yksxksa dks iki vkSj vuUr
e`R;q ls cpkus vk;k FkkA
iki dh fu'kqYd {kek izkIr djus ds fy, ckbcy gesa crkrh gS fd gesa dsoy ,d
dke djuk gSμtks dqN mlus Øwl ij fd;k mls Lohdkj djuk vkSj ml ij iw.kZ ân;
ls fo'okl djuk gSA
tks dksbZ ml ij fo'okl djsxk] mldks mlds uke ds }kjk ikiksa dh {kek feysxh
(izsfjrksa ds dke 10%43)A
;fn rw vius eqag ls ;h'kq dks izHkq tkudj vaxhdkj djs vkSj vius eu ls fo'okl
djs] fd ijes'oj us mls ejs gqvksa esa ls ftyk;k] rks rw fu'p; m¼kj ik,xk
(jksfe;kas 10%9)A
vki Hkh vius ikiksa dh {kek vkSj muls NqVdkjk ik ldrs gSa ;fn vki izHkq elhg
ij fo'okl djsaA
fuEufyf[kr ,d lkèkj.k izkFkZuk gS rkfd blls vkidks ;g iQSlyk djus esa vkSj izHkq
;h'kq elhg ds }kjk vkids fy, fd, Øwl ds dk;Z ij fo'okl djus esa lgk;rk dj
ldsA ;g izkFkZuk vkidh lgk;rk djsxh fd vki ;h'kq ds dk;Z dks Lohdkj djds vius
ikiksa dh {kek vkSj muls NqVdkjk ik ldsaA ;g izkFkZuk ek=k ,d ekxZnf'kZdk gSA vki
vius 'kCnksa esa Hkh izkFkZuk dj ldrs gSa %
fiz; izHkq ;h'kq] vkt eSaus le>k gS fd vkius esjs fy, Øwl ij D;k fd;k FkkA vki
esjs fy, ekjs x,! vkius viuk cgqewY; jDr cgk;k vkSj esjs ikiksa dh dher pqdkbZ
rkfd eq>s ikiksa dh {kek feysA ckbcy eq>s crkrh gS fd tks dksbZ vki esa fo'okl
djrk gS mls mldks ikiksa dh {kek feyrh gSA
vkt eSa vkiesa fo'okl djus vkSj tks dqN vkius esjs fy, fd;k gS] mldks Lohdkj
djus dk iQSlyk djrk gw¡] fd vki Øwl ij ekjs x, vkSj fiQj thfor gks x,A eSa
tkurk gw¡ fd eSa vius vkidks vPNs dkeksa ds }kjk ugha cpk ldrk gw¡A eSa vius ikiksa
dh {kek dek ugha ldrk gw¡A
vkt eSa vius ân; esa fo'okl djrk gw¡ vkSj eq¡g ls dgrk gw¡ fd vki esjs fy, ekjs
x,A vkius esjs ikiksa dk n.M pqdk;kA vki e`rdksa esa ls thfor gks x, vkSj vkiesa
fo'okl djus ds }kjk eSa vius ikiksa dh {kek vkSj iki ls NqVdkjk izkIr djrk gw¡A
izHkq ;h'kq èkU;oknA esjh lgk;rk djsa fd eSa vkidks izse dj ldw¡A vkidks vkSj vfèkd
tku ldw¡ vkSj vkids izfr fo'okl;ksX; jg ldw¡A vkehu!

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