MAKING OF THE CONSTITUTION

(संविधान का वनर्ााण)
READ POLITY FROM POLITICS
 IMPORTANT

1934
• IDEA of constituent Assembly was put forward for 1st time by M.N ROY.
(एर्। एन। रॉय द्वारा पहली बार के वलए (संविधान सभा) की IDEA को
आगे रखा गया।)

• 1935 – INC for 1st time officially demanded the constituent assembly to
frame the Constitution of INDIA.
(1935 - पहली बार INC ने आवधकाररक तौर पर INDIA के संविधान को
बनाने के वलए (संविधान सभा) की र्ांग की।)
 IMPORTANT
• ‘’’ THE CONSTITUTION OF FREE INDIA MUST BE FRAMED WITHOUT
THE OUTSIDE INTERFERENCE BY A CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
ELECTED ON THE BASIS OF ADULT FRANCHISE “”

• ''र्ुक्त भारत का संविधान ियस्क र्तावधकार के आधार पर वनिाावित

संविधान सभा द्वारा बाहरी हस्तक्षेप के वबना तैयार वकया जाना िावहए''
 COMPOSITION OF CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
(संविधान सभा)
• Constituent Assembly was constituted in NOVEMBER 1946 under the scheme formulated
by the CABINET MISSION PLAN.
• (CABINET MISSION PLAN द्वारा बनाई गई योजना के तहत NOVEMBER 1946 र्ें संविधान सभा
का गठन वकया गया था।)

• FEATURES :-
1. Total strength of constituent assembly : 389
2. 296 – Allotted to British India
3. 93 – seats to the Princely States

संविधान सभा की कुल संख्या: 389

296 - विविश भारत को आिंवित
93 - ररयासतों को सीिें
 COMPOSITION OF CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

1. Seats allocated to each British province were decided among the

3 principle communities : Muslim , Sikhs , general , in proportion
to their population.
(प्रत्येक विविश प्रांत को आिंवित सीिें 3 वसद्ांत सर्ुदायों के बीि तय की
गई:ं र्ुस्लिर्, वसख, सार्ान्य, उनकी जनसंख्या के अनुपात र्ें।)

2. The representatives of each community were to be elected by

members of that community in the provincial legislative assembly.

• (प्रत्येक सर्ुदाय के प्रवतवनवधयों को प्रांतीय विधान सभा र्ें उस सर्ुदाय के

सदस्ों द्वारा िुना जाना था।)
 CONCLUSION (वनष्कर्ा)

• Constituent assembly was to be a partly elected and partly nominated

body. (संविधान सभा को आं वशक रूप से वनिाावित और आं वशक रूप से
र्नोनीत वनकाय होना था।)

• The 93 seats allotted to the princely states were not to be filled as they
decided to stay away from the constituent assembly.
• (ररयासतों को आिंवित 93 सीिें नही ं भरी जानी थी ं क्ोंवक उन्ोंने घिक
विधानसभा से दूर रहने का फैसला वकया था।)

• Comprise of all the important leaders except M.Gandhiji and MA Jinnah.

• (एर्। गांधीजी और एर्ए वजन्ना को छोड़कर सभी र्हत्वपूणा नेताओं को
शावर्ल वकया गया।)
 WORKING OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

• 1ST meeting = December 9 , 1946

• Muslim League Boycotted (र्ुस्लिर् लीग का बवहष्कार)

• Meeting attended by : 211 members

(बैठक र्ें भाग वलया: 211 सदस्)

• Dr. Sachchidanand Sinha , the oldest member , was elected as the

temporary president of the Assembly.
(सबसे पुराने सदस् डॉ। सस्लिदानंद वसन्ा विधानसभा के अस्थायी अध्यक्ष िुने गए।)
 WORKING OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

• Dr. Rajendra Prasad = President permanent

• (डॉ। राजेंद्र प्रसाद = राष्ट्रपवत स्थायी)

• Sir B N Rau was appointed as the Constitutional advisor to

the assembly.
(सर बी एन राऊ को विधानसभा का संिैधावनक सलाहकार वनयुक्त
वकया गया।)
 OBJECTIVES RESOLUTION

• DECEMBER 13 , 1946 = Jawaharlal Nehru moved the ‘Objective

Resolution’ in the Assembly.
(DECEMBER 13, 1946 = जिाहरलाल नेहरू ने विधानसभा र्ें 'उद्दे श्य संकल्प' को
आगे बढाया।)

• Gave the Concept of Preamble. (प्रस्तािना की अिधारणा दी।)

 OTHER FUNCTIONS PERFORMED

• Ratified the India’s membership of the Commonwealth in May 1949.

(र्ई 1949 र्ें राष्ट्रर्ंडल की भारत की सदस्ता की पुवष्ट् की।)

• Adopted the National flag = 22 July , 1947

• Adopted the national Anthem = 24 January , 1950

• Adopted the national Song = 24 January , 1950

• Elected Dr. Rajendra prasad as the 1st President of India = 24th january ,
1950.
 IMPORTANT POINT

• Constituent Assembly Session = 11 Sessions

• Took 2 years , 11 months , 18 Days to complete the
Constitution.
• Draft Constitution was considered for 114 days.
 IMPORTANT POINT

• Total Expenditure = 64 lakh rs.

• Constituent Assembly Final session = January 24 , 1950
• 1st General Elections = 1951 - 1952
 COMMITTEES OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

• MAJOR COMMITEES = 8
UNION POWER COMMITEES JAWAHARLAL NEHRU

UNION CONSTITUTION COMMITEE JAWAHARLAL NEHRU

STATES COMMITTEE JAWAHARLAL NEHRU

STEERING COMMITTEE Dr. RAJENDRA PRASAD

RULES OF PROCEDURE COMMITTEE Dr. RAJENDRA PRASAD

PROVINCIAL CONSTITUTION COMMITTEE SARDAR PATEL

DRAFTING COMMITTEE DR. B.R AMBEDKAR

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON FUNDAMENTAL SARDAR PATEL

RIGHTS
 DRAFTING COMMITTEE (संपादक-र्ंडल)

• DRAFTING COMMITTEE = 29 AUGUST , 1947

• Task of preparing a draft of the new Constitution
• 7 Members :
1. Dr. B.R Ambedkar (Chairman)
2. N Gopalswamy Ayyangar
3. Alladi Krishnaswamy ayyar
4. Dr. K M Munshi
5. Syed Mohammad saadullah
6. N Madhava Rau (replaced B L Mitter resigned due to illness)
7. T T Krishnamachari (replaced D P Khaitan who died in 1948)
 DRAFTING COMMITTEE

• 1ST Draft published = February , 1948

• 141 Days.
 ENACTMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION
(संविधान का अवधवनयवर्त)
• Motion on Draft Constitution was declared as passed on November 26 ,
1949.
संविधान पर प्रस्ताि को 26 निंबर, 1949 को पाररत घोवर्त वकया गया था।

• This is the date mentioned in Preamble as the date on which the people
of India adopted , enacted and give to themselves this constitution.
यह िह वतवथ है वजसका उल्लेख प्रस्तािना र्ें उस वतवथ के रूप र्ें वकया गया है
वजस वदन भारत के लोगों ने इस संविधान को अपनाया, अवधवनयवर्त वकया और
स्वयं को वदया।

• The Constitution as adopted on November 26 , 1949 , contained a

preamble , 395 Articles and 8 schedules.
 ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

• Date of commencement = January 26 , 1950

• Reason to choose this day :

• With the commencement of the constitution , INDIAN

INDEPENDENCE ACT , 1947 & GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT ,
1935 were repealed.
 CRITICISM OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

• NOT A REPRESENTATIVE BODY

• NOT A SOVEREIGN BODY

• TIME CONSUMING

• DOMINATED BY CONGRESS

• LAWYER – POLITICIAN DOMINATION

• DOMINATED BY HINDUS