SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT S7 – ALUMINIUM SULPHATE

Al2(SO4)3

S.No Experiment Observation Inference

1. Colour: Colourless Absence of copper and iron
Colour of the salt is noted. salts
2. Solubility: Soluble May be sulphate, nitrate,
A small amount of salt is dissolved in distilled water. chloride, phosphate or
bromide
3. Action of heat: No characteristic Absence of ammonium
A small amount of the salt is taken in a dry test tube change nitrate and zinc salts
and heated gently
4. Flame test: No characteristic Absence of copper calcium
A small amount of the salt is made into a paste with coloured flame and barium
a few drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Take
the paste at the charred end of the splinter and
introduced near the Bunsen flame.
5. Action of dilute Hydrochloric acid: No characteristic gas is Absence of nitrate,
To a small amount of the salt, dilute hydrochloric evolved carbonate and sulphide
acid is added and heated.
6. Action of con.sulphuric acid: No characteristic gas is Absence of nitrate, chloride
To a small amount of salt, concentrated sulphuric evolved and bromide
acid is added and heated.
7. Action of MnO2 and con. H2SO4: No characteristic gas is Absence of chloride and
To small amount of salt is mixed with pinch of MnO2 evolved bromide
and add few drops of con.H2SO4 and heated.
8. Action of Copper turnings: No reddish-brown gas Absence of nitrate
A small amount of the salt is heated with copper evolved
turnings and concentrated sulphuric acid.

9. Action of sodium hydroxide: No pungent smelling Absence of ammonium salt

A small amount of salt is heated with sodium gas evolved
hydroxide solution.
10. Chromyl chloride test: No yellow precipitate is Absence of chloride
To a small amount of the salt a pinch of solid obtained
potassium dichromate is added and heated with a
few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid. Pass the
vapours into dilute sodium hydroxide solution. If a
yellow solution obtained, add dil.acetic acid and
lead acetate.
 PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT
A small amount of the salt is mixed with twice the amount of solid carbonate in a beaker.
20 ml of dilled water is added and the solution is boiled for 10 minutes, cooling and then
filtered. The filtrated is called “Sodium carbonate extract”

S.No Experiment Observation Inference

11. Silver nitrate test: To a few drops of the extract No characteristic Absence of chloride, bromide
dilute, nitric acid is added until the effervescence precipitate is and Sulphide
ceases and 2 ml of silver nitrate solution is added. obtained
12. Lead acetate test: To a few drops of the extract, A white precipitate Presence of Sulphate
dilute acetic acid is added until the effervescence soluble in excess of
ceases and 2 ml of lead acetate solution is added. ammonium acetate
is formed
13. Barium chloride test: To a few drops of the extract A white precipitate Presence of Sulphate is
dilute hydrochloric acid is added until the insoluble in dilute confirmed
effervescence ceases and 2ml of barium chloride Sulphuric acid is
solution is added. obtained
14. Brown Ring test: No brown ring is Absence of nitrate
To a few drops of the extract, dilute Sulphuric acid formed
is added until the effervescence ceases. The
solution is treated with a freshly prepared ferrous
sulphate solution and then concentrated Sulphuric
is added in drops along the inner side of the test
tube.
15. Ammonium molybdate test: to a few drops No canary yellow Absence of Phosphate
extract, dilute nitric acid is added until the precipitate is
effervescence ceases and add 1 ml of ammonium formed
molybdate and con.nitric acid in drops.
16. Sodium nitoprusside test: No purple or violet Absence of sulphide
To a few drops of the extract, add 1 ml of colouration
ammonium hydroxide and a few drops of sodium appeared
Nitroprusside
 IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC RADICALS
Preparation of salt solution for the analysis of cations:
To a small amount of the salt is added with 2 to 3 ml of distilled water, shake and gently
heat it. This solution is called original solution.

ZERO GROUP
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1. To 1 ml of the original solution a few drops of No reddish brown Absence of ammonium salt
Nessler’s reagent and excess of sodium hydroxide precipitate is
solution added obtained

GROUP SEPARATION
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
1. To a few drops of the original solution, 2 ml of No white precipitate Absence of I group (Lead)
dilute hydrochloric acid is added. is obtained

2. To a few drops of the original solution, 2 ml of No black precipitate Absence of II group(copper)

dilute hydrochloric acid is added and H2S gas is is obtained
passed.
3. To a few drops of the original solution, 1ml of Gelatinous white Absence of III
ammonium chloride and 2 ml of ammonium precipitate is group(Aluminium)
hydroxide solution are added. obtained

CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR BASIC RADICALS

S.No. Experiment Observation Inference
1. Aluminium(III Group): A clear solution is Aluminium is confirmed
To the group III precipitate add a pinch of hydrogen obtained.
peroxide and boil it.

Result:
The given simple salt contains
Acid radical: Sulphate
Basic radical: Aluminium
Hence the simple salt is Aluminium