Math Science Helper Sheet

Math Science

Solving an Equation (Isolating a Variable) Solve for . . .

1. Adding
x+3=5 + = (Solve for )
x=5–3 = –
x=2 Remember to change sign!

2. Subtracting
x – 12 = 15 – = (Solve for )
x = 15 + 12 = +
x = 27 Remember to change sign!

3. Multiplication Cross Multiply

5x = 20 = (Solve for )
5𝑥 20
=
5 5
x=4 =

4. Division
𝑥 =
6
=3 = (Solve for ) (Solve for )
𝑥
6 (6) = 6(3) =
x = 18 =

5. Cross Multiplying NOTE:

𝑥 18 30 5
Cross multiply
3
= 27 𝑥
= 2
(Solve for )
= =
and divide by x = 3 x 18 ÷ 27 x = 30 x 2 ÷ 5
the left over x=2 x = 12 =
number (in the Is the same as:
circle) =
6. Combinations
𝑥
3x + 1 = 16 3
−2 = 5
𝑥
3x = 16 – 1 3
=5+2
𝑥
3x = 15 3
=7 = – (Solve for ) =
3𝑥 15 𝑥
3
= 3
3 (3 ) = 3(7)
x=5 x = 21 =
= –

=
+ =
 Name sides according to the
Triangles angle you are looking from
(𝜃 or the eyeball)

Pythagorean Theorem
Hypotenuse Hypotenuse 𝜃
𝑜 2 + 𝑎2 = ℎ2
Opposite Adjacent
ℎ= √(𝑜)2 + (𝑎)2
𝜃
Adjacent Opposite

Sin 30°
𝑜 1
𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃 =
ℎ 30° 0.5 0.5
30°

2nd Sin

Cos 30°
𝑎 1
𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 30°
ℎ 0.8660
30°
0.8660
2nd Cos

Tan 30°
0.5773
𝑎
𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 30° 0.5773 30°
ℎ
1
2nd Tan

Fast Facts
1. Any number multiplied by zero is equal to zero. (5 x 0 = 0)
6
2. Any number divided by itself is equal to one. (6 = 1)
3. Any number multiplied by one is equal to itself. (5 x 1 = 5)
4. Any whole number can be expressed as a fraction by placing a one in the denominator
position. This concept is used in cross multiplication.
18 3 18 18 𝑥 1
3= 𝑥
can be written as 1
= 𝑥
and by cross multiplication 𝑥 = 3
or x = 6