Symmetry

When a line can be drawn on a shape, and both sides of

Maths Hints
the line are the same, this is the line of symmetry.

Some shapes have more than one line of symmetry.

Revision Cards
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Tenths and Hundredths Perimeter

Tenths: something that has been split into ten equal parts.
The perimeter of a shape is the total length of all the
Hundredths: something that has been split into one hundred sides.
equal parts.
12cm

1
10 4cm
36
= 0.36 4
100
= 0.4
10
Perimeter = 4 + 4 + 12 + 12 = 32cm
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Rounding Decimal Numbers Column Addition

1.3 is rounded down to the nearest whole number, 1.
1 2 5
+
1.7 is rounded up to the nearest whole number, 2. 1 3 6

If the tenth is between 0 and 4, round

2 6 1
1

Work right to left.

If the tenth is between 5 and 9, round
Add on any numbers you carry over.
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Fractions Types of Angles

A fraction is a part of a whole amount. • A right angle = 90°

1 The top number is called the numerator. This

tells us how many parts we have.
• Two right angles = a straight line
2 The bottom number is called the denominator.
This tells us how many parts we have.
• Obtuse angle = greater than 90°

1 of the pizza has been eaten. 3 are left.

4 4
• Acute angle = less than 90°
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 Compass Directions Multiplication
north Multiplication is the same as repeated addition.

2×5=2+2+2+2+2
west east

3×4=4+4+4
south
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Inverse 2D Shapes
When using the inverse to check an answer, you need triangle 3 sides, 3 vertices
to swap the numbers around and use the opposite sign.
square 4 sides all the same length, 4 vertices
8 + 2 = 10
circle 1 side, no vertices
The inverse of this number statement would be
rectangle 4 sides, 4 vertices
10 − 8 = 2
pentagon 5 sides, 5 vertices
or

10 − 2 = 8 octagon 8 sides, 8 vertices

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3D Shapes Coordinates
cube 6 faces, 12 edges, 8 vertices, edges all the same length
10
cuboid 6 faces, 12 edges, 8 vertices, edges not all the same 9 Ax Coordinates are written (x,y).
length 8 Cx
7 The first number moves horizontally,
sphere no edges, no vertices, one curved surface 6 Bx across.
5
triangular prism 5 faces, 2 triangular faces, 3 rectangular 4 The second number moves vertically,
faces 3 up.
square-based pyramid a square base, 4 triangular faces, 2
5 faces 1 A useful tip is “along the corridor
cylinder 2 flat faces, 2 curved edges, no vertices, one A B C D E F G H I J and up the stairs”.
curved surface
cone 1 flat face, 1 curved surface, 1 curved edge
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Adding Fractions with the Same Denominator Subtracting Fractions with the Same Denominator

Add the top numbers only and keep the same Subtract the top numbers only and keep the same
denominator. denominator.

2 3 5 3 2 1
+ = − =
6 6 6 6 6 6
The denominator remains the same.
The denominator remains the same.
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 Rounding Numbers to the Nearest 1000 Multiples
4293 is rounded down to the nearest thousand which is 4000. When two numbers are multiplied together, the answer
is a multiple.
4745 is rounded up to the nearest thousand which is 5000.
Example: 12 is a multiple of 2, 3, 4, and 12

If the hundreds number is between 0 and 4, round 2 × 6 = 12

3 × 4 = 12
If the hundreds number is between 5 and 9, round 4 × 3 = 12

1 × 12 = 12
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× and ÷ by 10 or 100 Rounding to the nearest 10

×10 move all digits 22 is rounded down to the nearest ten which is 20.
left 26 × 10 = 260
1 place to the 27 is rounded up to the nearest ten which is 30.
×100 move all digits
left 26 × 100 = 2600
2 places to the
If the ones number is between 0 and 4, round
÷10 move all digits
26 ÷ 10 = 2.6 right
1 place to the right
If the ones number is between 5 and 9, round
÷100 move all digits
26 ÷ 100 = 0.26 right
2 places to the right
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Commutative Law Times Tables

3×0=0 4×0=0 8×0=0
This is when you swap numbers around and still get the 3×1=3 4×1=4 8×1=8
same answer when you add or multiply. 3×2=6 4×2=8 8 × 2 = 16
3×3=9 4 × 3 = 12 8 × 3 = 24
2×4=8 3 × 4 = 12 4 × 4 = 16 8 × 4 = 32
3 × 5 = 15 4 × 5 = 20 8 × 5 = 40
3 × 6 = 18 4 × 6 = 24 8 × 6 = 48
3 × 7 = 21 4 × 7 = 28 8 × 7 = 56
3 × 8 = 24 4 × 8 = 32 8 × 8 = 64
3 × 9 = 27 4 × 9 = 36 8 × 9 = 72
4×2=8 3 × 10 = 30 4 × 10 = 40 8 × 10 = 80
3 × 11 = 33 4 × 11 = 44 8 × 11 = 88
3 × 12 = 36 4 × 12 = 48 8 × 12 = 96
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Fractions and Decimals Rounding to the Nearest 100

Fraction Decimal 242 is rounded down to the nearest hundred which is 200.

1 276 is rounded up to the nearest hundred which is 300.

100 0.01
1
10 0.1
1 If the tens number is between 0 and 4, round
5 0.2
1
2 0.5
1
4 0.25 If the tens number is between 5 and 9, round
3
4 0.75
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 Distributive Law Factor Pairs
Multiplying a number by a group of numbers added Factor pairs are a pair of numbers which multiply
together is the same as doing each multiplication together and make a particular number.
separately.

2×3=6
2 × (2 + 4)
is the same as saying
2 and 3 are factor pairs

2×2+2×4
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Equivalent Fractions Column Subtraction

_4 5 3
41
Equivalent fractions look different but equal the same
amount. 3 4 8
1 2
is equal to
2 4 1 0 5
1 2
is equal to Work right to left.
3 6
3 ones subtract 8 ones will give a negative number as the answer.
1 2
is equal to Exchange a 10 from the 50, to give 13 ones.
4 8
Then subtract the ones column.
1 2
is equal to
5 10
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Column Multiplication Formal Written Division

4 2 0 2 9

× 6 5 1
1
4
4
5

1 2 (2 × 6)
2 4 0 (40 × 6) There are 0 fives in one.
Therefore, there is one left over.
1 4 4 There are 2 fives in 14, with four left over.
There are 9 fives in 45.
Work right to left, then add the totals together.
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Area by Counting Squares Analogue Time

This shape is made up of squares each measuring 1cm.
There are 9 squares altogether.
That means the area is 9cm2.

The long hand is the minute hand. This travels around the whole
This shape is made up of 12cm
clock face during one hour.
squares, so the area is 12cm2.
The short hand is the hour hand. This travels from one number to
the next number during one hour.

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 24 Hour Clock Factor Pairs
24 Hour Clock: the time is shown as how many hours Factor pairs are a pair of numbers which multiply
and minutes since midnight. together and make a particular number.

11 20
2×3=6
This means the time is 11 hours and 20 minutes.
The time after 12pm – or midday - means that the
hours are known as 13:00, 14:00, 15:00 and so on, 2 and 3 are factor pairs
until midnight, when the hours are 1:00, 2:00 until
midday.
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Equivalent Fractions Column Subtraction

Equivalent fractions look different but equal the same _2 6 8
amount. 1 2 4
1 2
is equal to
2 4 1 4 4
1 2
is equal to Work right to left.
3 6
3 ones subtract 8 ones will give a negative number as the answer.
1 2
is equal to Exchange a 10 from the 50, to give 13 ones.
4 8
Then subtract the ones column.
1 2
is equal to
5 10
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Column Multiplication Formal Written Division

4 2 0 2 9

× 6 5 1
1
4
4
5

1 2 (2 × 6)
2 4 0 (40 × 6) There are 0 fives in one.
Therefore, there is one left over.
1 4 4 There are 2 fives in 14, with four left over.
There are 9 fives in 45.
Work right to left, then add the totals together.
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Area by Counting Squares Analogue Time

This rectangle is made up of squares each measuring 1cm.
There are 9 squares altogether.
That means the area is 9cm2.

The long hand is the minute hand. This travels around the whole
This shape is made up of 12cm
clock face during one hour.
squares, so the area is 12cm2.
The short hand is the hour hand. This travels from one number to
the next number during one hour.

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