 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
Density: ρ ‫א‬L١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
kg
 ρ = m Z‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬
V m3

 20CO ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1000 kg/m4c‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F1.2kg/m‫א‬،
 
Specific Weight : γ ‫א‬‫א‬L٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 γ = W N
Z‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
V m3
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  γ = ρ × g = mg Z‫א‬‫א‬ × ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
V

 Specific Volume Wv‫א‬‫א‬L٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W 
 
V 1 m3
 v = = Z‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
m ρ kg

- ١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

SpecificGravityWSG‫א‬‫א‬L٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 (4C0)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ρf
  SG = Z‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
ρw
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
 
   p × ν = m × R × T ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W
p
  ρ= W‫א‬
RT
 
 W
  p = N m 2 ‫א‬‫א‬
  R( R = 287 J kg K ) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 T(K)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ρ = kg m 3 ‫א‬
 WE١ J٢F
 K6.3m‫א‬،4m‫א‬2cm‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،9772kg‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
kg
 ρ = m
V m3

- ١٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

  m = 9772kg
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 V = π d 2 × h
4
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Zh،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Zd
 
  V = π × 2 2 × 3.6 = 11.31m 3
4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
m 9772 kg
ρ= = = 864 3
V 11.31 m

 
 E٢ J٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،6750 kg‫א‬،1000kg/m‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬
H‫א‬W‫א‬L ‫א‬
 
‫א‬FW‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F2W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WV‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
  V = l × w × h = 2w × w × w = 2w
3

 
m
 ρ =
V
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 
6750
  1000 =
2w 3
 
6750
 w = = 3.375
3

2000
 
 
  w = 3.375 = 1.5m
3

 
 ∴ l = 2 × w = 2 × 1.5 = 3.0m
 
 ∴ h = w = 1.5m
 
 E٣ J٢F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،1.6k‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
 (0.001m3)1000cm3 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
 
 
 
m 1 .6 kg
 ρf = = = 800 3
V 2 × 0.001 m
 

- ١٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
ρf 800
  SG f = = = 0.8
ρw 1000
 WViscosity‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬E١٢F
 
‫א‬ EE١٢FF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬y‫א‬‫א‬U
 KF‫א‬

- ١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬Shear StressF‫א‬
 W‫א‬  τ w 
 
F
  τ w = ‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬
A
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
du
   τ wα 
dY
 W
 
 τ w = µ du Z‫א‬
dy

  ‫א‬‫א‬ µ 

،‫א‬
 W‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
τw ⎛ N . sec ⎞
  µ = ⎜ ⎟ Z‫א‬‫א‬
⎛⎜ du ⎞⎟ ⎝ m 2 ⎠
⎝ dy ⎠
 
N . sec
µ= = Pa.Sec E‫א‬FEKFEKF‫א‬‫א‬
m2
E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Cinematic Viscosity

  γ = µ ⎜⎜ m ⎟⎟ Z‫א‬‫א‬
⎛ 2
⎞
ρ ⎝ sec ⎠
 
m2
  K ‫א‬
sec
- ١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 KE٢ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٢F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٢F‫א‬E‫א‬٣٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E J٣ J٢F
 

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E J٣ J٢F
 
- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 WE٤ J٢F
1
‫א‬1 du = 100  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
dY sec
 K10-3 pa.sec‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
du
τ = µ×
dy
 
∴τ = 10 −3 × 100 = 0.1Pa

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
0.2m³ ‫א‬0.15m³‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.12m3‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1.15kg/m‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
15002750‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬997
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
1001/sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
 .0.001 pa.sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬0.85‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
 2.87×10¯³ N sec/ m²
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
40C0‫א‬5.00×10¯4 N sec/ m²
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬
 ρ = m = 1
V v
 W‫א‬‫א‬
1
 v = V =
m ρ
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  m = ρ ×V
 W‫א‬‫א‬
mg= 2750×0.12 =330 kg
 
W‫א‬
 ms= 1500×0.15 = 225 kg
 
 W‫א‬
mw = 997×0.2 = 199.4 kg
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
ma= 1.15×0.53 = 0.61 kg
 
 
 Wm total‫א‬‫א‬

 m total = 755 kg
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
mtotal 755
  ρtotal = = = 755 kg 3
Vtotal 1 m
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٦٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Vtotal 1 3
  vtotal = = = 0.001325 m
kg
mtotal 755
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ JE‫א‬
du
  τ = µ ×
dy
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ du ‫א‬ µ ‫א‬τ 
dy
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
τ = 0.001×100 = 0.1 Pa
 
  γ = µ ⎜⎜ m ⎟⎟ Z‫א‬‫א‬  JE
⎛ 2
⎞
ρ ⎝ sec ⎠
 
Kg
  ρ = 0.85 × 1000 = 850
m3
 
µ 2.87 × 10−3 −6 ⎛ m ⎞
2
 γ = = = 3.3 × 10 ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
ρ 850 ⎝ sec ⎠
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،E J٣ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬40C0‫א‬‫א‬5.00×10¯4 N sec/ m²
‫א‬ Benzene

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