400 series

12 x 4
GEARBOX
 Preface

This manual is designed as a technical training aid, it is not to replace the workshop
manual or operators manual, but should be used in conjunction with these, where
detailed procedures are given, and further detailed service information is provided.
 AGCO – 2003
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 Contents

Twelve Speed Standard Gearbox.............................................................................. 5

12 X 4 Manual Gearbox............................................................................................. 6

General Description................................................................................................... 7

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 Twelve Speed Standard Gearbox

Specifications

No. of Forward Gears 12

No. of Reverse Gears 4
Epicylic Reduction 4:1 Standard Duty
4.09:1 Heavy Duty

Settings Required
Mainshaft Endfloat 0.08 – 0.30 mm
Axial Clearance High/Low front layshaft 0.30 – 0.64 mm
Axial Clearance High/Low compound gears input shaft less than 0.8 mm

Special Tools

See workshop manual

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12 X 4 Manual Gearbox

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 General Description

The 12X4 gearbox provides twelve forward and four reverse gears. Three levers on
the centre of the operators platform control the High/Low, 1/2/3/reverse and the
Hare/Tortoise synchromesh change. It provides full engines braking on over-run and
enables the tractor to be tow started.

The Arrangement of the Gearbox

From the constructional viewpoint the gearbox has three sections. The front section
consists of the hare and tortoise ratio gears with the associated coupler arrangement.
The power take-off input drive is also contained within this section. The centre
section comprises of constant mesh gear-sets giving three basic forward speeds and
single reverse with synchromesh engagement for second and third ratios. The rear
section consists of an epicyclic gear reduction unit offering an alternative low range
output drive ratio.
The three basic forward speeds and single reverse are doubled by the ability of the
epicyclic unit to provide the additional output ratio. This feature, together with the
alternative input ratio offered in the front section which further doubles the number of
speeds available gives the gearbox a total of twelve forward speeds and four
reverse. The gearbox mainshaft is located above the layshaft, this latter shaft being
of hollow construction to accept the power take-off (PTO) drive shaft which runs
within it. Roller bearings are used to support the main and layshaft at their front ends.

Epicyclic Reduction Unit

The epicyclic unit consists of a ring gear and three planetary pinions. It is mounted on
the rear of the gearbox and driven by the end of mainshaft, which acts as a sun gear.
To transmit the drive from the gearbox to the rear axle a driveshaft is connected by a
coupler, either directly to the gearbox mainshaft (HIGH range) or the planetary pinion
carrier, where the speed of the gearbox is reduced by 4:1 (LOW range). The coupler
is operated by a selector fork, which in turn is operated by the main gear lever, which
is mounted to the right of the operator. As well as selecting either HIGH or LOW
range, the lever also has a middle or neutral position, which disengages the coupler
splines from both the mainshaft and the planetary pinion carrier. In this neutral
position an electrical contact completes the starting circuit and the danger of starting
in gear is prevented.

Reverse Drive

Reverse drive is achieved by the engagement of a compound gear cluster mounted

in the left-hand side of the gearbox. One of the gears is in constant mesh with the
fourth gear pinion on the layshaft. The other gear is engaged by the sliding first gear
on the mainshaft. This combination reverses the rotation of the mainshaft, reduction
unit and final drive.

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 Epicylic Unit

3 2 1
4

1. Output Shaft
2. Sliding Coupler
3. Gearbox mainshaft
4. Planetary Carrier
5. Planetary Gears
6. Ring Gear

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