Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III – CENTRAL LUZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF NUEVA ECIJA
TALABUTAB NORTE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
TALABUTAB NORTE, GEN. M. NATIVIDAD, NUEVA ECIJA, 3125

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 9 SCIENCE

APRIL 7 (THURSDAY 8 – KALAYAAN 10:45 AM – 11:45 AM

I. Objectives
At the end of 60-minute period, the students should be able to:
1. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a particular atom;
2. Compute the atomic number and the mass number of a given element; and
3. Make an inference on objects that carry positive charge and negative charges.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Determining the Number of Proton, Neutron and Electron
References: DepEd SLMs, Third Quarter 
Instructional Materials: board, chalk, activity sheets and PowerPoint presentation

III. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Greetings
Before we start our lesson for today, may I Amen.
ask someone to lead us a prayer?
Good morning class! Good morning Ma’am!
2. Checking of attendance
Do we have any absent today? None Ma’am.
3. Classroom Management
Before you take your seats, arrange your (students will arrange their seats)
chairs properly.

B. Review
 So, how’s your week? Are you doing great? Yes ma’am.
 Last meeting, we talked about the subatomic
particles. Can you recall something from our
past lesson?
 Identify and describe the different subatomic
particles.  (students volunteer to give their answers)
Orbitals - this is where electrons can be found. 
  Electron - negatively charged particles 
Neutron - neutral subatomic particle. Adds mass
to the atom. 
Proton - positively charged particles. 
Nucleus - the central part of an atom made of
protons and neutrons

 Very good! The Bohr’s model is consisted of

a small nucleus (positively charged)
surrounded by negative electrons moving
around the nucleus in orbits. Bohr found that
an electron located away from the nucleus
has more energy, and electrons close to the
nucleus have less energy.
Electron cloud model describes the most probable
 1. What is Electron Cloud Model? location of an electron is. It does not say the exact
location of the electron as it is moving
continuously.

 Based on quantum theory, which states that

all matter has properties associated with a
wave function, the Electron Cloud Model
differs from the Bohr Model in that it does
not define the exact path of an electron.

C. Motivation
Last meeting, you have learned that different
models of atom based on history. Today we
will discuss the process of determining the
number of protons, neutrons and electrons of
an element.
 
To start with, please observe the shown
picture. 

The image shows the solar system with the Sun at

the center and the planets positioned around it.
The planets are positioned in fixed orbits around
the sun. 
a) What have you observed in the image The planets must move around the sun on each of
shown?  their own orbit. 
b) How would you describe the position
No ma’am. 
of the planets relative to the Sun? 
c) How do you think the planets move  
relative to the sun? 
d) Can you think of another example
that has the same arrangement as the
planets around the Sun?
 
D. Lesson Proper
 Our lesson for today is all about atoms, the
particles that made up matter has structure
that is very similar to that of the solar
system. 

The image shows the structure of a carbon atom. 

 An atom is made of smaller particles called
 What have you observed in the image proton, neutron, and electron. 
shown?  Proton and neutrons are clumped at the center of
 What are the components of an atom?  the atom. On the other hand, the electrons are in
orbits of fixed distance. This is comparable to the
 How would you compare it to the solar planets that are orbiting the sun at a fixed
system model that was previously shown?  distance. 
 
(students will listen attentively)

 All matter is composed of atom. It is the

basic unit of matter that consists of a dense
central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of
negatively charged electrons. 

 The atomic nucleus contains a mix of

positively charged protons and
electrically neutral neutrons.

 Particles which make up the atom are called

Subatomic particles. The atoms 
composed of three subatomic particles such as
protons, electrons and neutrons. The proton
carries a positive charge (+1). The electron
carries a negative charge (-1). 
Atoms, in their most stable state are neutral
with an equal number of protons and
electrons.
 Based on the table above, the masses of three

subatomic particles have compared. The

protons and neutrons are “massive indeed”.
Electrons are very much lighter than the
protons and neutrons, to the point that its mass
does not significantly contribute to the mass
of the entire atom. In effect, the mass of the
electron is negligible. 
 We may be able to determine the number of
subatomic particles using the atomic number
as reference. The atomic number of an atom is
similar to its number of protons. On the other
hand, the atomic mass is equal to sum of
proton and neutrons. 
   
Atomic Number = no. of protons = no. of electrons
Atomic mass =  protons +
neutrons
Number of Neutrons =
atomic weight – atomic
number

Here is an example:
 
  

6 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons 

 What do you think is the number of subatomic

particles in a carbon atom with an atomic
number of 6? 

16 amu 

 What do you think is the atomic mass of

oxygen? 
 
Ions are formed when there’s an imbalance to
the number of protons and neutrons. Ions are
atoms with charge.  
A carbon atom with 1 more electrons will
have a charge of -1. On the other hand, a
sodium atom with 1 less electron will have a
charge of +1. 
E. Generalization
 What are the different subatomic particles?  Proton, neutron, electron 
 How do you compare subatomic particles in Protons are positive, electrons have negative
terms of charge?  charge while neutrons are neutral. 
 How do we determine the number of The atomic number of an element tells us the
subatomic particles of an atom?  number of protons in an atom. 
 How do we determine the atomic mass of an We will be able to determine atomic mass by
atom?  adding the number of proton and neutron. 

F. Application
Here is a video presentation about static (students will watch the video attentively)
electricity. Static electricity is the result of an
imbalance between negative and positive
charges in an object. These charges can build
up on the surface of an object until they find a
way to be released or discharged.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yc2-
363MIQs 
IV. Evaluation
Directions:
Use your periodic table of elements to (students will start answering)
complete
the table below and determine the number of
protons, electrons, neutrons, atomic number
and atomic mass.

V. Assignment
 For your assignment, research about the
history of periodic table. Write it in a sheet of
paper. None Ma’am.
 Do you have any questions or clarifications
regarding on our topic for today? Goodbye Ma’am.
 Great! I guess that’s all for today. Goodbye
class!
 See you next meeting.

Prepared By: Checked By:

QUEENCESS ARA P. TORRES NEMENCIO B. MURALLA JR.

Substitute Teacher Head Teacher, OIC

Noted:

RACQUEL C. DIAZ
School Principal III