Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI
Division of Capiz
VICENTE ANDAYA SR. NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Pob. Sur, Sigma, Capiz

LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 8 SCIENCE

I. OBJECTIVES:
A. Content Standards: The learners should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the identity of a substance according to its atomic structure.
B. Performance Standards: The learners should be able to present how water behaves in its different states within the water cycle.
C. Learning Competencies/Objectives: At the end of the session, learners are expected to:
 Determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in a particular atom (S8MT-IIIe-f-10)

II. CONTENT: Particles in an Atom

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages: None
2. Learner’s Material pages: GRADE 8 SCIENCE Learner’s Module (p. 191-206)
3. Textbook pages: Chemistry III (p. 64-73))
4. Additional Materials from Learning Resources (LR) portal: None
B. Other Learning Resources: None

I.
II.
III.
IV. PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks
ELICIT Good morning class. Good morning Sir.

Are you all set for today’s class? Yes, Sir.

 Class President, please lead the prayer Yes, Sir. Classmates let us bow our head and
pray.
In the name of the Father…
Thank you (Class President).

Yesterday, we talked about two of the (A student answers)

four physical changes that happens in There are four physical changes that can
water. What are these? happen in water, these are evaporation,
condensation, and yesterday we discussed
melting and freezing process.
That is correct! Now, who can give me (A student answers)
the difference between these two Freezing is the change that occurs when a
physical changes? liquid changes into a solid as the temperature
decreases. Melting is the opposite change,
from a solid to a liquid as the temperature
increases
Very good! Walking is possible because
of the 3rd law of motion. It seems like you
already mastered our previous
discussion.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

ENGAGE Specific Objectives of the lesson;
1. Define atom.
2. Identify the subatomic particles
that makes up an atom.
3. Determine the number of protons,
electrons, and neutrons of an
element.
(A student answers)
In your biology class, you learned about The biological levels of organization starts This part targets indicator
the different levels of biological
organization. Can you still remember with cell and it ends with biosphere. It also #1
those biological levels? includes tissue, organs, organ system, Within the curriculum
organism, population and community. S7LT-IIc-3
Describe the different
Very good! You also learned that cell is (A student answers) levels of biological
the building blocks of life. In chemistry, Atom is the building blocks of matter. organization from cell to
matter has building blocks also. And we biosphere
are going to talk about it today. Do you
have any idea what it is?

Just like cells which is made up of

organelles, atom is also composed of
subatomic particles. Refer to the
illustration.

Based on the illustration, how many (A student answers)

subatomic particles does an atom has? There are 3 subatomic particles.
What are these? (A student answers)
Proton, neutron and electron.
These 3 subatomic particles can be
distinguished according to location, and
charge.

An atom has two regions, the center (A student answers)

which is the nucleus and surrounding it Proton and neutron.
are the orbitals. What subatomic particles
make up the nucleus?

Correct! On the other hand, electrons are

found in the orbitals surrounding the
nucleus.

The symbol of proton’s charge is (+),

that means it is

Proton is the opposite of electron in

terms of charge, that means it is (A student answers)
It is positively charged.

Lastly, neutron’s charge is (0), that

means
(A student answers)
What do you think will happen between Negatively charged.
proton and electron?

How about between two protons or two (A student answers)

electrons? It has no charge.

(A student answers)
They will attract with each other.

(A student answers)
They will both repel each other since they have
the same charge.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

The number of protons, electrons, and
neutrons of an element can be determined
 by looking at their atomic number and
atomic mass. Refer to the given
illustration.

EXPLORE
Based on the (A student answers)
illustration, the mass number is found at At the superscript of the element.

(A student answers)
How about the atomic number? At the subscript of the element.

Refer to the illustration

(A student answers)
Can you identify the The mass number of Lithium is 7.
mass number of Lithium?
(A student answers)
How about the atomic number of The atomic number of Lithium is 3.
Lithium?
(A student answers)
The number of protons of Lithium is also It means atomic number is equal to the number
3, how do we get this value? of protons of an element. Since the atomic
number of Lithium is 3, its number of protons
is also equal to 3.

(A student answers)
Because an atom is electrically neutral, it Atomic number is either equal with the number
is assumed that the number of protons is of protons and the number of electrons of an
equal to the number of electrons. After element.
knowing this, what can you conclude
about the relationship of atomic number,
number of protons and electrons?
(A student answers)
Very good. For the mass number, it is
taken from the mass of nucleus since the The nucleus of an atom is consist of protons
mass of an atom is concentrated on it. and neutrons.
Can you still remember the subatomic This part targets indicator
particles present in the nucleus of an #1
atom? (A student answers)
It is equal to the sum of protons and neutrons. Across the curriculum
M7NS-Ic-d-1
This means that mass number is equal to
(A student answers) Performs fundamental
what?
The number of neutrons can be determined by operations on integers.
Correct! You already know that the this formula
number of protons is the same with No. of neutrons = Mass no. - Atomic no.
atomic number and that leave us with the
number of neutrons. Considering this
information, how can we determine the (A student answers)
number of neutrons? The number of neutrons of Lithium is equal to
4.
Very good. Now, using that formula,
what is the number of neutrons of This part targets indicator
Lithium? #2 and #3

To determine how well you understood

work, you are going to answer an
activity, entitled “Fill me IN”
This activity will be given along with
your modules in the next distribution.
Also, soft copy of the activity will be
uploaded on the group chat for those who
can’t get their modules at school. Submit
 your answer sheets (softcopy or photo of (Students will do the activity)
it) on my gmail account –
johnpauldejuan25@gmail.com or
personal submission by your parent in
school.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

Now let’s discuss your answers in the
activity.

EXPLAIN For the atomic number, your answers (A student answers)

must be the same with the number of The number of protons and electrons of
protons and electrons. Helium for Helium is 2.
example, since the atomic number is 2
that means?

How about the element Carbon, the given (A student answers)

data is only mass number and number of
electrons. How will you solve this
problem?
Since the number of electrons is 6, both the This part targets indicator
#1
atomic number and number of protons is also
equal to 6. To solve for the number of Across the curriculum
M7NS-Ic-d-1
neutrons, subtract the number of electrons
which is 6 to the mass number which is 12, and Performs fundamental
that gives us with the answer of 6. operations on integers.

How about when given data is only the (A student answers)

number of electrons and number of To solve for the mass number, simply add the
 neutrons? How will you determine the number of electrons and the number of
value of mass number? neutrons since the number of electrons is also
equal to the number of protons.
Very good! That is the different ways in
deriving the values of; atomic number,
mass number, no. of protons, no. of
electrons, and no. of neutrons.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

What we have been discussing so far is (A student answers)
about electrically neutral charged atom. It refers to atoms with the same number of
Do you know what it means? protons and electrons. Their charge is equal to
zero.

How about when an atom gains a charge. (A student answers)

For instance, Aluminum atom has 14 The charge of Aluminium atom is +3.
ELABORATE protons and 11 electrons. What do you
think is the charge of Aluminium atom?

How do we derived the +3 charge? (A student answers)

Simply subtract the number of protons with the
number of electrons.
How about Chlorine atom, it has 17 (A student answers)
 protons and 18 electrons. What is the The charge of chlorine atom is -1.
charge?

That is correct! So that is how you solve

the charge of atoms that are not
electrically neutral.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

A. Differentiate the fundamental
subatomic particles using the table;
Students will submit their answer sheets
B. (softcopy or photo of it) via gmail to –
johnpauldejuan25@gmail.com or personal
submission of their parent in school.

EVALUATE

Determine the number of protons,

electrons, and neutrons using the data
in the table;
 A copy of exam will be uploaded on the
group chat.

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities Teacher’s Remarks

Have an advance reading about isotopes.
EXTEND

Prepared by: Checked by:

JOHN PAUL G. DE JUAN JOANAH V. ROJO

Teacher I HT-I/Science Coordinator

Noted by:

JIMMY B. BILLONES, Ph.D.

Principal III