Wood

Wood is a product of trees. It is created into materials such as lumber, boards, planks,
and other materials. It is also readily available. Wood can also be used in most climates.

Wood is also very flexible under load, and it can maintain its strength while bending and
is strong when compressed vertically.

There are also different species of trees. There are many types of wood, each with its
purpose or ideal usage.

Brick

Bricks are generally blocks made of clay or shale. It is used to build walls, pavements,
and other masonry-related elements. It has a high compressive strength which makes it
suitable for construction use. Other than their mechanical properties, bricks also have
their aesthetic appeal, which makes them the ideal choice for some architectural
projects.

There are four different types of bricks which can be classified as, First, Second, Third,
and Fourth. Each type has its own ideal use and compressive strength. The First type of
brick is used for exterior walls and flooring, and it has a compressive strength greater
than 1990psi (140 kg/cm^2). The second type is used for external plastering and has a
compressive strength greater than 996 psi (70kg/cm^2). The Third type is used for
temporary construction with a compressive strength between 498-996 psi (35-70
kg/cm^2). Lastly, the Fourth type is used as an aggregate due to its brittle property. It is
used in road construction and foundations and has a compressive strength greater
than 2134 psi (150kg/cm^2).

Cement

Cement is a substance used in construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other
materials to bind them together. It is used to bind sand and gravel together.
Companies that create cement use fine aggregate to form mortar for masonry or sand
and gravel to build concrete.

Cement is a material that needs to be tested before being delivered to the site to
ensure the concrete's desired strength is reached. Cement also needs to meet strict
regulations and quality standards. To ensure that these are met, testing them is
required.

Glass

Glass is a fragile material formed from a combination of sand and silicates.

Since the introduction of glass, clear windows have been used to cover small openings
in buildings. They let people allow light into rooms while keeping the adverse weather
outside.

Modern glass "curtain walls" can be utilized to cover a building's whole exterior.
Glass is a material that needs to be tested before use and delivery. It needs to be
tested because glass has many different purposes in construction. It is not just used as a
window. Some of the purposes of glass can range from heat and sound insulating,
durability, fire safety, security, and resistance against bullets or explosions. They are
tested to ensure that they will achieve the customers' or clients' intended use.

Ceramics

Ceramics is typically employed in structures as fittings or covers. Ceramic floors, walls,

counter-tops, and even ceilings are all available. Ceramic roofing tiles are used to
cover various structures in many nations. Ceramics began as a specialized kind of clay-
pottery fire in kilns. Still, it has now expanded to include more technical areas such as
interior and exterior tiles, sanitary ware, non-refractory bricks, and other more complex
shapes such as drainage, sewer, and chimney pipes and linings.

Reinforcement Steel

Since concrete is weak in tension but strong in compression, steel reinforcement bars or
rebars are employed to strengthen the tensile strength of the concrete. Steel is only
utilized as a rebar due to its elongation at high temperatures virtually identical to that of
concrete.

Reinforcement steel needs to be tested before use. The tensile strength of steel is the
main thing being checked since steel, like cement, is regulated to ensure its quality.

Fly Ash

Fly ash is a fine powder that is produced when pulverized coal is burned in an electric
power plant. Fly ash is a pozzolan, a substance combining aluminous and siliceous
material that makes cement when mixed with water.

Many cement-based products, such as poured concrete, concrete blocks, and brick
can use fly ash as a primary ingredient.

Portland cement concrete pavement (PCC) is one of the most prevalent uses of fly ash.
Road-building projects using PCC can use less concrete, and using fly ash instead of
concrete saves money.

Fly ash also need to be tested before use. This is to determine how it will react as it's set
so as not to compromise the quality of the concrete. Fly ash also needs to achieve a
minimum of 66% fineness, passing through a no. 325 sieve.

Binding Wires

Binding Wire is used in the construction industry for tying applications. It's often utilized in
the construction industry to keep the building together by tying the rebars at the joints.
Binding wire, also known as annealed wire, is a mild steel wire.