Formula Sheet and Mind Map

for Physics
Electricity
 At constant T, C
V∝I
V=IR B

V (volts)
V
Resistance, R = A
I
R I
I (ampere)
V (volt)

I (ampere)
Resistance of
a wire:
L
R=ρ L R
A
A R
Resistivity:
A
ρ=R
L
 R1 R2 R3
I I
V1 V2 V3
I I
Current - same

Equivalent Resistance
in series connection: V

Req = R1 + R2 + R3

For ‘𝒏’ number of equal

resistors in series:
𝐑𝐞𝐪 = 𝒏R
 I1 R1

Voltage - same R2
I2
Equivalent Resistance
in parallel connection: R3
I3
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
= + +
𝐑 𝐞𝐪 𝐑𝟏 𝐑𝟐 𝐑𝟑
I I
For ‘𝒏’ number of equal
resistors in parallel:
𝐑 V
𝐑 𝐞𝐪 =
𝒏
Joule’s Law of
Heating:
H = I2 R t
SI Unit
joule (J)

1 kJ = 1000 J

Heat

H=VIt H= V2
I2 R t H= t
R
 H=VIt P=VI
Power consumed:
P = VI H = I2 R t H P P = I2 R
SI Unit
V2 V2
watt (W) H= t P=
R
R
1 W = 1 volt × 1 ampere
1 kW = 1000 W

Power

P=VI V2
P= I2 R P=
R
 • An electric motor takes 10 A from a 110 V
Electrical Energy line. Determine the power of the motor
consumed: and energy consumed in 4 hrs.

E=P×t • Calculate the total electrical energy

consumed by an electric iron rated 1 kW
Commercial unit: used for 15 min and a fan rated 70 W
used for 4 hours.
E (kWh) = P (kW) × t (h)
1 kWh = 1 unit
 Electrical Energy Ohm’s Law

V = IR
Energy = P × t Resistance:

Commercial unit: kWh Electricity R=

V (volts)
I (ampere)
SI unit: ohm (𝛀)
Resistance and
Electric Power
Resistivity

V2 L
2
P = VI = I R = R=ρ
R A
SI unit of ρ :
SI unit: watt (W) ohm m (𝛀 m)

Joule’s Law of Combination of

Heating Resistors
Series:
H = I2 R t Req = R1 + R2 + R3
V2 Parallel:
H = VIt = t
R 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
SI unit: joules (J) = + +
𝐑 𝐞𝐪 𝐑𝟏 𝐑𝟐 𝐑𝟑
Magnetic Effects of
Electric Current
Magnetic Field Strength:
- at Q > at P
- increases with I
Magnetic Field Strength:
- increases with I
- number of turns

North pole South pole

-Field pattern is similar to
a bar magnet Electromagnet
-Uniform inside the solenoid

Magnetic Field Strength:

- increases with I
- number of turns
- inserting iron rod
 + −
Current carrying conductor
experiences force in a
magnetic field.
Commercial Motors use:
- Electromagnet
- More number of turns
- Armature
 Induces Current

Conductor Conductor
placed in moved in
changing magnetic Field
magnetic Field
 Fleming’s Right Hand Rule
Motion
B

Direction of
induced
current
A
 Learn the Rules !
Direction of
current Right Hand
Thumb Rule

Fleming’s Left Fleming’s Right

Hand Rule Hand Rule
Direction of Motion
Force
F Magnetic
Field
B

I Direction of
induced
current
 Magnetic Field
Right Hand Magnetic Field Due to Lines
Thumb Rule Current Carrying
Force on a Current-
Conductors
Carrying Conductor in
a Magnetic Field
Current Carrying
Straight Conductor Magnetic
Effects of
Fleming’s Left
Electric Hand Rule
Electric Motor
Current Carrying Current
Circular Coil

Electromagnetic Fleming’s Right

Current Carrying Induction Hand Rule
Solenoid