LESSON 3 NOTE 2

TEXT BOOK PROBLEMS PAGE NUMBER 36

1. In a rectangle of perimeter 1m,one side is 5cm longer than the other.

What are the lengths of the sides?

Ans) Let breadth, 𝑏 = 𝑥

Then length, 𝑙 = 𝑥 + 5

Given perimeter of rectangle = 1m = 100cm

Perimeter = 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 5 + 𝑥 + 5 = 100cm
4𝑥 + 10 = 100
4𝑥 = 100 − 10 = 90
90
Breadth , 𝑥= = 22.5𝑐𝑚
4

Length, 𝑥 + 5 = 22.5 + 5 = 27.5𝑐𝑚

2) A class has 4 more girls than boys. On a day when 8 boys were

absent, the number of girls was twice that of the boys. How many

boys and girls are in the class?

Ans) Number of girls Number of boys

𝑥+4 𝑥
When 8 boys were absent → 𝑥+4 𝑥−8

On the day, when 8 boys were absent, the number of girls was twice

the number of boys. So

𝑥 + 4 = 2(𝑥 − 8)
𝑥 + 4 = 2𝑥 − 16
4 + 16 = 2𝑥 − 𝑥
20 = 𝑥
 ∴ Number of boys = 𝑥 = 20

Number of girls = 𝑥 + 4 = 20 + 4 = 24

3. A man invested 10000 rupees, split into 2 schemes, at annual rate of

Interest 8% 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9%. After 1 year he got 875 rupees as interest

from both. How much did he invest in each?

Ans) Scheme 1 Scheme 2

Principle (p) 𝑥 10000 − 𝑥

No: of years (n) 1 1

Rate of interest (r) 8 % 9%

𝑝𝑛𝑟 8𝑥 (10000−𝑥)9
Interest, 𝑖 =
100 100 100

Total interest got after 1 year from both scheme = 875 rupees
8𝑥 (10000−𝑥)9
∴ + = 875
100 100

8𝑥+(10000−𝑥)9
= 875
100

8𝑥 + (10000 − 𝑥)9 = 875 × 100

8𝑥 + 90000 − 9𝑥 = 87500
90000−1 𝑥 = 87500

90000-87500 = x

2500 = 𝑥

Amount deposited in scheme 1 = 𝑥 = 2500 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑠

Amount deposited in scheme 2 = 10000 − 𝑥 = 10000 − 2500

= 7500 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑠
4. In class 9 number of boys is 5 more than number of girls and 3
 times of number of girls is 12 more than double the number of
boys. Find the number of boys and number of girls?
Ans) Let number of girls= 𝑥
Then number of boys = 𝑥 + 5
From the details given in the question, an equation connecting the
No: of boys and girls can be written as
3𝑥 = 2(𝑥 + 5) + 12
3𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 10 + 12 = 2𝑥 + 22
3𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 22
𝑥 = 22
Number of girls = x=22
Number of boys = x+5 = 22+5 = 27

5. Four years ago, Rahim’s age was 3 times Ramu’s age. After 2 years,
It would just be double. What are their ages now?
Ans)
Rahim’s age Ramu’s age

4 years ago 3𝑥 𝑥

After 2 years 3𝑥 + 2 𝑥+2

Given that, after 2 years Rahim’s age would be just double of Ramu’s
age. So
3𝑥 + 2 = 2(𝑥 + 2)
3𝑥 + 2 = 2𝑥 + 4
3𝑥 + 2𝑥 = 4 − 2
𝑥=2
Rahim’s age 4 years ago= 3𝑥 = 3 × 2 = 6
Rahim’s age now = 6+4 = 10

Ramu’s age 4 years ago = x =2

Ramu’s age now = 2+4 = 6

6. There are 40 fruits in a basket, some oranges and some apples.

The number of oranges is 10 more than that of the apples. What is
The number of oranges and apples?
Ans)
 7. The smaller side of a rectangle is 6 cm less than that of its larger side.
If its perimeter is 28 cm,
a) What is the sum of the lengths of a larger and a smaller side?
b) What is the length of the sides?
Ans)

8. The sum of two numbers is 119 and their difference is 29.

What are the numbers?
Ans)

* The problems involving 2 unknown quantities can be done either by

mental math, or using an equation with 1 variable or using 2

equations with 2 variables according to the question.

* Solving of equations with 2 variables

Step 1: Add or subtract the 2 equations ( in order to make the term

with any one variable ൣ𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦൧ zero)

Step 2: Substitute the value got for 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 in any one of the 2

equations and find the value of the other variable.

 1. The price of a pen and a book is 100 rupees. The price of a book is
20 rupees more than that of a pen. What is the price of each?
Ans) Let price of a book = 𝑥 and Price of pen = 𝑦

𝑥 + 𝑦 = 100 ①
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 20 ②
①+②→ 2𝑥 + 0 = 120

2𝑥 = 120

120
𝑥= = 60
2
Put 𝑥 = 60 𝑖𝑛 ①

𝑥 + 𝑦 = 100 ①
60 + 𝑦 = 100
𝑦 = 100 − 60 = 40

Price of a book = 𝑥 = 60 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑠

Price of a pen = 𝑦 = 40 𝑟𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑠

2. Soumya has a collection of beads which is 100 less than that of

Rama. There are 600 beads in total in their hands. How many
beads are there in each of their hands?
Ans) Let number of beads in Rema’s hand = 𝑥
Number of beads in Soumya’s hand = 𝑦
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 600 ①
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 100 ②

①+②→ 2𝑥 + 0 = 700

2𝑥 = 700
700
𝑥= = 350
2
Put 𝑥 = 350 𝑖𝑛 ②
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 100 ②
350 − 𝑦 = 100
350 − 100 = 𝑦
250= 𝑦
Beads in Rema’s hand = 𝑥 = 350 beads
Beads in Soumya’s hand = 𝑦 = 250 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠
3. Price of 4 note books and 7 pens is 115 rupees. The price of 4 note
 books and 2 pens is 90 rupees. Find the price of a note book and a
pen?
Ans) Price of a note book = 𝑥
Price of a pen = 𝑦
4𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 115 →①
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 90 →②
① − ②→ 0 + 5𝑦 = 25
25
𝑦= =5
5
Put y = 5 in ②
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 90 →②
4𝑥 + 2 × 5 = 90
4𝑥 + 10 = 90
4𝑥 = 90 − 10 = 80
80
𝑥 = = 20
4
Price of a note book = x = 20 rupees
Price of a pen = y = 5 rupees