ENGINEERING DRAWING

AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS

(CE13001) , L-T-P: 1-0-3

Topics

1. Introduction, Geometrical Constructions

2. Engg. Curves I: Ellipse, parabola, hyperbola
3. Engg. Curve II: Cycloid, trochoid, involute, evolute, spirals.
4. Ortho. Projections of Points, Lines; Traces of lines
5. Projections of Planes; Projections on Auxiliary Planes
6. Projections of Solids
7. Isometric Projections & Views
8. Sections of Solids
9. Development of Surfaces

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 Books:

Source: Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt, Charotar Publishing

House Pvt. Ltd.

Engineering Drawing with an Introduction to AutoCAD, Dhananjay A

Jolhe, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd.

Instruments

Drafting Machine or Mini Drafter

Clamp
https://theconstructor.org/construction/instruments-engineering-drawing/20067/
T-Square

2
Instruments

Drafting Machine or Mini Drafter

T-Square Set-Squares: 45 and 30-60 

Instruments French Curves

Drawing Clips and Pins

3
Drawing Pencils

According to hardness:
7B, 6B……..B, HB, H…….8H, 9H
7B is the softest

H and HB pencils are more

suitable for lettering and
dimensioning.
H

Mechanical clutch pencils can

also be used. Sharpening is not
required in such pencils.

Source of Photo :
https://www.kokshop.tw/products.aspx?cname=different+types+of+pencils&cid=109

Drawing Papers

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

4
 Margin Line
Continuous thick
lines along which
the prints are
trimmed

Border Line
Continuous thin
lines which makes
perfectly rectangular
working space

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Visible outlines/edges or
Continuous thick main representation in
the diagram, margin line
Construction line,
dimension line, extension
Continuous thin
line, leader or pointer

Dashed medium Hidden outlines or edges

thickness
Chain thin (long- Centre lines, line of
dashed dotted) symmetry

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

5
Dimensioning

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Continuous or chain
dimensioning Parallel dimensioning

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

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Dimensioning

Aligned System Unidirectional System

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Continuous thin Long-break lines

with zigzags

Continuous thin Short-break lines

and wavy

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

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 Chain thin with
Cutting planes
thick at the end
Section or Hatching
Continuous thin
lines
(45 parallel & 1-2
mm apart)

Top view of hollow cylinder

Sectional view

1 Margin lines Continuous thick

2 Outlines Continuous thick
3 Hidden or dotted or Medium thickness (2-3 mm
dashed lines spaced with 1mm gap)
4 Dimension lines Continuous thin (at least 8 mm
away from the outlines)
5 Extension lines Continuous thin (at least 3mm)
6 Construction lines Continuous light thin
7 Section or Hatching Continuous thin (45 parallel &
lines 1-2mm apart)
8 Leader or Pointer Continuous thin
9 Border lines Continuous thin
10 Short-break lines Continuous thin and wavy
11 Long-break lines Continuous thin with zigzags
12 Centre lines Thin lines with dots (long
dashed lines 9-12 mm spaced)
13 Cutting plane lines Thick and thin lines with dots

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 Dividing a line into several equal segments

•Draw a line AB with a given length.

•Draw another line AC making an angle less than 30
•With the divider mark 7 equal parts on the line AC such as 1, 2…
•Join point 7 with B and draw lines from each points on AC line
parallel to 7B.
Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Bisection of angle

•With B as centre and any radius draw an arc which cuts AB at D

and BC at E.
•With D and E as centre and with same or any other radius draw
arcs intersecting each other at F.
•Draw a line passing B and F

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

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Drawing of regular polygons

•Draw a line AB with the side length of polygon

•A as centre and AB radius draw a semi circle BP
•With divider, divide the semi-circle with equal number of parts
(same number as the number of sides of the polygon)
•With centre B and a radius AB draw a arc cutting the line A6
(extension) at C.
•Similar way locate the other points.
Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Special case
for Hexagon

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 Draw a Tangent

•With centre O, draw a circle with given radius and locate point P.
•Draw line OP and extend it up to Q such that OP = PQ
•With centre O and Q and with any suitable radius draw arcs
intersecting each other at R
•Draw the line PR. PR is the tangent at point P
Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Length of Arc

•At A, draw a tangent to the arc

•Bisect the chord AB and extend the chord AB up to C such that
AC= ½ AB.
•With C as centre and a radius of CB, draw a arc cutting the tangent
at D.
•Length AD is approximately equal to the length of the arc AB
Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

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 Length of Circle

•Draw a tangent AC at A such that AC=3AB

• Draw a radius OD making an angle 30 with OB
•From D, draw a perpendicular line DE on OB
•Join EC and this is the approximate length of the circumference of
the circle

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

Inscribed Circle

• Bisect any two angles and bisector lines intersect each other at O
•From O, draw a perpendicular line on AB (or on any side) and
cutting the side at P
•With centre O and radius OP, draw the required circle.

Source of Figure : Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhatt

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