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Technical Reference
Siemens 7SA8
F2022
Contents
1 Model information 1
2 General description 2
3 Main relay 3
4 Distance (Classical) 4
5 Distance (RMD) 9
6 Overcurrent 12
7 Voltage 14
8 Frequency 16
10 References 18
Disclaimer
DIgSILENT protection device models are developed using publicly accessible information, such
as user manuals, and are not validated or tested by the respective manufacturers.
1 Model information
Manufacturer Siemens
Model 7SA8
Variants The Siemens 7SA8 consists of four PowerFactory relay models. These comprise
two sets, one with classical distance protection and one using the RMD calculation method. Each
set offers a model for the 1A and one for the 5A version. Functions and model parameters are
derived from information in [2] and [1].
Modelled Functionality
2 General description
3 Main relay
Measurement transformers
The ”CT” and ”VT” slots hold the assigned 3-phase measurement transformers. The ”CT I4”
can be assigned to an additional (core-balance) CT if the overcurrent protection shall use the
measured instead of the calculated zero sequence current.
Measurement units
The ”Measurement” slots process the transformer input and hold the nominal current, voltage
and frequency values.
Breaker logics
The ”Trip Logic” holds the breaker and signal assignments for relay tripping.
4 Distance (Classical)
This sub-function is used to model classical distance protection with quadrilateral and MHO
characteristics. All model units are located in the ”Distance” sub-relay, unless stated otherwise.
This section only applies for the models 7SA8 1A and 7SA8 5A.
Notes:
• Only 8 of the possible 16 simultaneous zones with quadrilateral or mho characteristic are
modelled
• The model assumes the ”Basic” configuration and considers ”Advanced” parameters with
their default value, where applicable
• The model assumes that all zones have ”Function mode” (_:101) set to ”ph-gnd and ph-ph”
and ”Zone-spec. residu. comp.” (_:114) set to ”no”
Starting
The ”Starting” unit holds the settings associated with distance fault detection. Please note, that
the visibility of the parameters in the dialogue may depend on the selected stating method.
Notes:
• The model uses the starting unit from the 7SA6 series, which offers the same starting
methods and settings, but can only support one starting method at a time, whereas the
7SA8 series supports multiple starting methods simultaneously
• If impedance starting is selected, disable ”T Forward” and ”T Non-Directional”
• The ”Load Cutout” can only be used for phase-phase and phase-ground ot not at all
General
Impedance Pickup
Overcurrent Pickup
V/I Pickup
V/I/ϕ Pickup
Polarisation
The ”Polarisation” units performs the impedance calculation, zero sequence compensation and
provides adaptively polarised voltages for directional determination. It is primarily used by the
quadrilateral characteristics. The ”Polarisation Mho” unit performs a similar role for the MHO
characteristics but is self-polarised only, due to model limitations.
Directional determination
The ”Directional” unit provides directional information of the quadrilateral characteristics. The
unit is configured as dual direction element with a fixed operating sector. While the model allows
to change the tripping direction, leaving it as ”Forward” is advised in order to maintain the correct
behaviour of the backup timers.
Quadrilateral zones
The ”Zone X Quad” (where X = 1..8), together with the corresponding timer and logic units,
represent the quadrilateral tripping characteristics. As there is no direct relation between the
absolute parameter address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary
parameter mapping. The two logic units ”Operate ZX Quad” and ”Send ZX Quad” are used for
teleprotection; please refer to the corresponding section for the configuration.
Notes:
1) This setting is only available for 7SA87 devices; configure the logic as follows:
MHO zones
The ”Zone X Mho” (where X = 1..8), together with the corresponding timer and logic units,
represent the MHO tripping characteristics. As there is no direct relation between the absolute
parameter address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary parameter
mapping. The two logic units ”Operate ZX Mho” and ”Send ZX Mho” are used for teleprotection;
please refer to the corresponding section for the configuration.
Notes:
1) This setting is only available for 7SA87 devices; configure the logic as follows:
Teleprotection
In order for the teleprotection to function correctly, both 7SA8 models have to be linked via the
”7SA8 Communication” model. Only Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) is currently
supported by the model. To enable particular zone to send a signal to the receiving side, please
enable the corresponding ”Send ZX Quad” or ”Send ZX Mho” logic unit. Analogously, in order to
enable a zone to operate with receipt of a signal, enable the corresponding ”Operate ZX Quad”
or ”Operate ZX Mho” logic unit.
Notes:
2) This setting is only available for 7SA87 devices; configure the logic as follows:
– ”yes” : allow_single_pole = TRIP
– ”no” or not present: allow_single_pole = NOTRIP
5 Distance (RMD)
This sub-function is used to model distance protection with quadrilateral and MHO characteristics
using the RMD method. All model units are located in the ”Distance” sub-relay, unless stated
otherwise. This section only applies for the models 7SA8 RMD 1A and 7SA8 RMD 5A.
Notes:
• Only 8 of the possible 16 simultaneous zones with quadrilateral or mho characteristic are
modelled
• The model assumes the ”Basic” configuration and considers ”Advanced” parameters with
their default value, where applicable
• The model assumes that all quadrilateral zones have ”Function mode” (_:101) set to
”ph-gnd and ph-ph” and all zones use the same zero sequence compensation factors
Polarisation
The ”Polarisation” units performs the impedance calculation, zero sequence compensation and
provides adaptively polarised voltages for directional determination. It is primarily used by the
quadrilateral characteristics. The ”Polarisation Mho” unit performs a similar role for the MHO
characteristics.
Quadrilateral zones
The ”Zone X Quad” (where X = 1..8), together with the corresponding starting, directional, timer
and logic units, represent the quadrilateral tripping characteristics. As there is no direct relation
between the absolute parameter address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an
exemplary parameter mapping. The two logic units ”Operate ZX Quad” and ”Send ZX Quad” are
used for teleprotection; please refer to the corresponding section for the configuration.
Notes:
1) This setting is only available for 7SA87 devices; configure the logic as follows:
– ”yes” : allow_single_pole = TRIP
– ”no” or not present: allow_single_pole = NOTRIP
2) Calculate as Relay Angle = Line angle + Delta Dist. charact. angle
MHO zones
The ”Zone X Mho” (where X = 1..8), together with the corresponding starting, timer and logic
units, represent the MHO tripping characteristics. As there is no direct relation between the
absolute parameter address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary
parameter mapping. The two logic units ”Operate ZX Mho” and ”Send ZX Mho” are used for
teleprotection; please refer to the corresponding section for the configuration.
Teleprotection
In order for the teleprotection to function correctly, both 7SA8 models have to be linked via the
”7SA8 Communication” model. Only Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) is currently
supported by the model. To enable particular zone to send a signal to the receiving side, please
enable the corresponding ”Send ZX Quad” or ”Send ZX Mho” logic unit. Analogously, in order to
enable a zone to operate with receipt of a signal, enable the corresponding ”Operate ZX Quad”
or ”Operate ZX Mho” logic unit.
Notes:
6 Overcurrent
This sub-function is used to model overcurrent protection for phase and ground. All model units
are located in the ”Overcurrent” sub-relay, unless stated otherwise.
Notes:
• The model assumes the ”Basic” configuration and considers ”Advanced” parameters with
their default value, where applicable
• Current ranges are modelled for ”@ 100 Irated”
The ”Phase Definite-T X” (where X = 1..4) units represent the phase overcurrent protection
with definite-time characteristic. As there is no direct relation between the absolute parameter
address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary parameter mapping.
The ”Phase Inverse-T 1” units represents the phase overcurrent protection with inverse charac-
teristic.
The ”Ground Definite-T X” (where X = 1..3) units represent the ground overcurrent protection
with definite-time characteristic. As there is no direct relation between the absolute parameter
address and the corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary parameter mapping.
The ”Ground Inverse-T 1” units represents the ground overcurrent protection with inverse
characteristic.
7 Voltage
This sub-function is used to model over- and undervoltage protection for phases. All model units
are located in the ”Voltage” sub-relay, unless stated otherwise.
Notes:
• The model assumes the ”Basic” configuration and considers ”Advanced” parameters with
their default value, where applicable
• Only the definite-time characteristics are modelled
• All stages generate 3-pole tripping signals
Overvoltage
The ”Overvoltage Definite-T X Phase” and ”Overvoltage Definite-T X Ground” (where X = 1..3)
units represent the phase overvoltage protection with definite-time characteristic. As there is no
direct relation between the absolute parameter address and the corresponding zone, this section
only gives an exemplary parameter mapping.
Notes:
Undervoltage
Notes:
In order to prevent undervoltage operation on switched-off lines, the model also provides the
corresponding current criterion. The range for the current criterion corresponds to ”@ 100
Irated”.
8 Frequency
This sub-function is used to model over- and under-frequency protection. All model units are
located in the ”Frequency” sub-relay, unless stated otherwise.
Notes:
• The model assumes the ”Basic” configuration and considers ”Advanced” parameters with
their default value, where applicable
• The model assumes the ”Filtering method (method B)” for all units
• All stages generate 3-pole tripping signals
Overfrequency
The ”Overfrequency Stage X” (where X = 1..3) units represent the phase overfrequency protection.
As there is no direct relation between the absolute parameter address and the corresponding
zone, this section only gives an exemplary parameter mapping.
In order to prevent operation on faulted or switched-off lines, the model also provides the
corresponding min. voltage criterion.
Underfrequency
The ”Underfrequency Stage X” (where X = 1..5) units represent the phase underfrequency
protection. As there is no direct relation between the absolute parameter address and the
corresponding zone, this section only gives an exemplary parameter mapping.
In order to prevent operation on faulted or switched-off lines, the model also provides the
corresponding min. voltage criterion.
10 References
[1] Siemens AG. SIPROTEC 5 Distance and Line Differential Protection, Breaker Management
for 1-Pole and 3-Pole Tripping. C53000-G5040-C011-E.01, Edition 11.2020.
[2] Siemens AG. SIPROTEC 5 Distance Protection, Line Differential Protection, and Overcurrent
Protection for 3-Pole Tripping. C53000-G5040-C010-E, Edition 11.2020.