DEPARTMENT-IWRE

DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE

Multiple Step (or Zone) Method of Design

) Data Given
Maximum water depth to be retained, H = 60m
Tail water depth, h = 0
Top (or crest) width, l = 7.5m

Unit weight of concrete, γc = 2.4 ton/m3

Unit weight of water, γw = 1.0 ton/m3

Uplift intensity/reduction factor, ϕ = 2

3
Wind velocity, V = 100 km/h
Fetch, F = 30 km
Allowable coefficient of friction within concrete & between concrete & foundation, f = 0.70
2
Ultimate shear resistance of dam and foundation, Sa = 50Kg/cm
Minimum permissible shear friction safety factor, S.F.F. = 5.0
Maximum allowable inclined stress in dam or foundation, σ = 30Kg/cm2

) Subject of Problem
Design a Non-Overflow Solid Gravity Dam?

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE

) Solution
Step-1: Computation of Constants
(a) Free Board

Wave height, hw = 0.032 VF + 0.763 − 0.2714 F

= 0.032 100 X 10 + 0.763 − 0.2714 10

≈
= 1.29 1.30m

4 4
Wave rise above still water level = hw = X 1.30m =1.73m
3 3
Say a free board of 1.80m

(b) Wave pressure, Pw

Pw =2 γw hw2 = 2X1.0ton/m3 X (1.30m)2 =3.38ton

Pw = 3.38ton per meter width of dam

3 3
Center of action is
8
hw = X1.30m = 0.49m
8
≈ 0.50m

Step-2: Zone I

WO
1.8m I

h W1
FH II

. .B
0.00

FU

Figure-1. Zone-I

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
As the ice thrust is absent, Zone I resists wave action only and no design
computation is needed.

Step-3: Zone II
For the vertical dam section, a moment equation about the downstream middle-
third point in terms of the unknown h is written to determine the bottom of zone II.
Load computation
W0 = Self weight of the dam in zone I, can be calculated using

W 0 = γc Apx1m
W0 =2.4 ton/m3x (1.8mX7.5m) x1m
W0 =32.4ton downward
According the gravity method, the middle third point is 1/6.
Then, the line of action is 1/6x7.5m= 1.25m from B to the left.
W1 = Self weight of the dam in zone II, can be calculated using

W1= γc Apx1m
W1=2.4 ton/m3x (hX7.5m) x1m
W1=18h downward
According the gravity method, the middle third point is 1/6
The line of action is 1/6x7.5m= 1.25m from B to the left.
Fh = Horizontal load of hydrostatic/water load, can be calculated using
1
Fh = x γw xh2
2
2
Fh = 0.5x1ton/m3 xh
2
Fh = 0.5 h to the right
The line of action is h/3 from the bottom line.
Fu = Uplift pressure of the external seepage, can be calculated using

⎛ z + z2 ⎞
Pu = η A h γ w ⎜ 1 ⎟ , become
⎝ 2 ⎠

Fu = 2 3 x (1.0mx7.5m) x1.0 ton/m3 xh

Fu = 2.5h upward

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
The line of action is 7.5m/3 = 2.5m from the upstream vertical section of the dam.
Pw = wave pressure as it calculated in Setp-1: (b)
Resultant force can be computed as:
ΣForces = 0
ΣForces = horizontals + verticals
ΣForces = (0.5h2 + 3.38) + (32.4 +18h + -2.5h)

To R R DW DW UW
ΣForces =0.5h2 +15.5h + 35.78
Moment Computation
Counterclockwise (+ive)
= (W0 x1.25) + (W1 x 1.25) = (32.4tonx1.25m) + (18hx1.25m) =22.5h + 40.5ton-m
Clockwise (-ive)
=(Fhxh/3)+(Fux2.5m)+(Pwx(h+0.5m))=(0.5h2x h/3)+( -2.5hx2.5m)+( 3.38x(h +0.5m))
= h3/6 + 6.25h + 3.38h+1.69 = h3/6 + 9.63h+1.69
Resultant Moment can be computed as:
Σ Moment = 0
Σ Moment = Counterclockwise (+ive) + Clockwise (+ive)
Σ Moment = 22.5h + 40.5ton-m + h3/6 + 9.63h+1.69 = 0
Σ Moment = -h3/6+ 12.87h + 38.81 = 0
TABLE-1. Computation Summarized table for Zone-II
No Item Description Force, ton M.Arm, m Moment, ton-m
Horizontal Vertical about B Clockwise(-) C.Clockwise(+)
1 W0 1.8X7.5X1.0X2.4 32.4 1/6x7.5=1.25 40.5
2 W1 hx7.5x1.0x2.4 18h 1.25 22.5h
2 3
3 Fh 1/2x1.0xhxh 0.5h h/3 h /6
4 Fu 1/2xϕx1.0xhx7.5 -2.5h 7.5/3=2.5 6.25h
5 Pw 3.38 h+0.5 3.38h+1.69
Σ 0.5h2+3.38 15.5h+32.4 h3/6+9.63h+1.69 22.5h+40.5

From the moment resultant we can determine h,

-h3/6+ 12.87h + 38.81 = 0,

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
h3 – 77.22h – 232.86 = 0, solving by trial and error, h =10.03m≈10m

Inserting this value of h,

ΣHorizontal Forces=0.5h2+3.38=53,38ton, ΣVertical Forces=15.5h+32.4= 187.4ton
f = 0.70=tanθ =ΣH/ΣV = 53,38ton/187.4ton = 0.285 < 0.7Îok!!!
Also, with the resultant exactly at the middle-third point,
σmax = 2ΣV/l = (2x187.4x103)/(750x100)= 4.997Kg/cm2<< 30Kg/cm2Îok!!!
It is evident from inspection that a resultant that the resultant, reservoir empty
condition fall at the center of the block.

Step-4: Zone III

Below the 10m depth, the downstream must be battered to keep the resultant,
reservoir full, within the middle third. The usual procedure is to choose increments
of depth and compute the corresponding horizontal joint lengths. There is no fixed
rule as to depth of increment. In this example, a 10m interval will be used.

W0

-10.00

FH

W1 W2

-20.00
A .

FU
Δl
7.5m

Figure-2. Zone-III, Block-1

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
Load computation
W0 = Self weight of the dam in zone III Block 1, can be calculated using

W 0 = γc Apx1m
W0 =2.4 ton/m3x (11.8mX7.5m) x1m
W0 =212.4ton downward
Then, the line of action is 1/2x7.5m= 3.75m from A to the right.
W1 = Self weight of the dam in zone III Block 1, can be calculated using

W1= γc Apx1m
W1=2.4 ton/m3x (10.0mX7.5m) x1m
W1=180.0ton downward
Similarly, the line of action is 1/2x7.5m= 3.75m from A to the right.
W2 = Self weight of the dam in zone III Block 1, can be calculated using

W2 = γc Apx1m
W2 = 2.4 ton/m3x (1/2x10.0mxΔl) x1m
W2 = 12Δl
The line of action is 7.5 + Δl /3 from A to the right.
Fh = Horizontal load of hydrostatic/water load, can be calculated using
1 2
Fh = xh x γw
2
2
Fh =0.5 x10 x1.0 ton/m3 to the right
The line of action is 20/3 m from the bottom line.
Fu = Uplift pressure of the external seepage, can be calculated using

⎛ z + z2 ⎞
Pu = η A h γ w ⎜ 1 ⎟ , become
⎝ 2 ⎠

Fu = 1 2 x (20.0mx(7.5 +Δl )m) x1.0 ton/m3

2 3
Fu = 50 + 20Δl upward
3

The line of action is 1 (7.5 +Δl ) m from the bottom line.

3
Pw = wave pressure as it calculated in Setp-1: (b)
Resultant force can be computed as:
ΣForces = 0

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
ΣForces = horizontals + verticals

ΣForces = (200.0ton+3.38ton)+(212.4ton+180.0ton+12Δl +-(50 + 20Δl ))

3

To R R DW DW DW UW

ΣForces =203.38 + (342.4 + 16Δl )

3
ΣH ΣV
Moment Computation
Clockwise (+ive)
= (W0 x3.75m) + (W1 x 3.75m) + (W2x (7.5 + Δl /3)) + (Fhx20/3) + (Pwx (20+0.5m))

= (212.4tx3.75m)+(180tx 3.75m)+(12Δl x(7.5+Δl /3))+(200tx20/3)+(3.38tx20.5m)

2
= 796.5 ton-m + 675 ton-m + 90Δl + 4Δl + 1333.33 ton-m + 69.29 ton-m
2
= 2874.12 ton-m + 90Δl + 4Δl

Counterclockwise (-ive)

= (Fux 1 (7.5 +Δl )) = (50 + 20Δl )x 1 (7.5 +Δl )

3 3 3

= 125 ton-m + 50Δl 20Δl 2 + 50Δl

3+ 9 3

= 125 ton-m + 100Δl 20Δl 2

3+ 9
Resultant Moment can be computed as:
Σ Moment = 0
Σ Moment = Counterclockwise (+ive) + Clockwise (+ive)

Σ Moment=2874.12ton-m+90Δl +4Δl +125ton-m + 100Δl

2 20Δl 2
3+ 9
=0

Σ Moment =2749.12 ton-m+ 16Δl + 170Δl

2

9 3

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE

TABLE-2 Computation Summarized table for Zone-III, Block-1

No Item Description Force, ton M.Arm, m Moment, ton-m
Horizontal Vertical about A Clockwise(+) C.Clockwise(-)
1 W0 2.4 x (11.8X7.5) x1 212.4 1/2x7.5=3.75 796.5
2 W1 2.4 x (10X7.5) x1 180.0 3.75 675.0
3 W2 2.4x(1/2x10.0xΔl)x1 12Δl 7.5 + Δl /3 90Δl + 4Δl2
2
4 Fh 0.5 x10 x1.0 200.0 20/3 1333.33
1 2 x20x(7.5+Δl
5 Fu
2 3 -(50+ 20Δl ) 1 (7.5 +Δl ) 125+ 100Δl + 20Δl 2
3 3 3 9
)x1
6 Pw 3.38 20.5 69.29

2874.12ton-m+90Δl 125ton-m + 100Δl 3 +

Σ 203.38 342.4 + 16Δl
3 2
+4Δl 20Δl 2
9

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
So, ΣV = 342.4 ton+ 16Δl
3

ΣMA =2749.12 ton-m+ 16Δl + 170Δl

2

9 3
The resultant should fall at the downstream middle-third point, which is at
2 (7.5 +Δl ) from A, i.e.
3

⇔
∑V = 2 (7.5 +Δl )
∑M A
3

Or 2749.12 ton-m+ 16Δl + 170Δl = 2 (7.5 +Δl ) x (342.4 ton+ 16Δl )

2

9 3 3 3
2
This simplifies to Δl + 334.58/3Δl – 583.38 = 0

⇒ Δl = 5.00m
For reservoir empty condition, ΣH = 0, ΣV = 452.4 ton; ΣMA = 2021.5 ton-m and the

resultant fall at
∑V =
2021.5
= 4.468m from A, which is greater than
∑M A 452.4

1 (7.5 +5.0) = 4.17m

3
Thus the resultant, reservoir empty, is well within the kern.
The reminder of zone III is completed in the same manner. Taking another 10m
interval, Zone III, block 2 is analyzed in the same manner.

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
TABLE-3 Computation Summarized table for Zone-III, Block 2
No Item Description Force, ton M.Arm, m about Moment, ton-m
Horizontal Vertical A Clockwise(+) C.Clockwise(-)
1 W0 452.4 4.468 2021.5
2 W1 2.4 x (10X12.5) x1 300.0 1/2x12.5=6.25 1875.0
3 W2 2.4x(1/2x10.0xΔl)x1 12Δl 12.5 + Δl /3 150Δl + 4Δl2
2
4 Fh 0.5 x30 x1.0 450.0 30/3 =10 4500.0
-
5 Fu 1 2 x30x(12.5+Δl )x1 1 (12.5 +Δl ) - 1 (1562.5+ 250Δl + 10Δl 2 )
2 3
(125+ 10Δl ) 3 3

6 Pw 3.38 30.5 103.09

627.4
-520.83 - 250Δl 3 - 10Δl
2
Σ
2
453.38 8499.59+150Δl +4Δl
+2Δl 3

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
So, ΣV = 627.4 +2Δl

ΣMA =8499.59+150Δl +4Δl -520.83 - 250Δl 3 - 10Δl

2 2

3
2
=7978.76 + 66.67Δl + 0.67Δl

=7978.76 + 200Δl 3 + 2Δl 2

3
The resultant should fall at the downstream middle-third point, which is at
2 (12.5 +Δl ) from A, i.e. ⇔ ∑V = 2 (12.5 +Δl )
3 3
∑M A

+ 2Δl
2
Or 7978.76 + 200Δl = 2 (12.5 +Δl ) x (627.4 +2Δl)
3 3 3
2
This simplifies to Δl + 552.4Δl - 4125.645 =0 Δl = 7.37m
For reservoir empty condition, ΣH = 0, ΣV = 840.84 ton; ΣMA = 5219.27ton-m and the resultant

fall at ∑V =
5219.27
= 6.207m from the upstream face, which is less than 1 (12.5 +7.37) =
3
∑M A
840.84

6.623m indicating that the resultant is outside kern. This is indicates that the lower boundary of
zone III over stepped. This lower boundary should be located firs. This is done by constructing
and solving a simultaneous equation in Δl and Δh which satisfies both reservoir full and
reservoir empty conditions. W0
-20.00

FH
W1

A=Δh W2

A ♦
12.5 b

FU
Figure-3. Zone-III, Block-2

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE

TABLE-4 Computation Summarized table for Zone-III, Block 2

Force, t Arm, m Moment
Item Description Horizontal Vertical About A t-m
WO 452.4 4.468 2021.5
W1 a x12.5x1x2.4 30a 6.25 187.5a
W2 ½ xaxbx1x2.4 1.2ab 12.5+b/3 15ab+0.4ab2
FH ½ xγXh2 ½ (a+20)2 (20+a)/3 1/6 (20+a)3
FU ½x 2/3 x1x(20+a)x(12.5+b) -1/3 (20+a)x(12.5+b) 1/3(12.5+b) 2
-1/9(12.5+b) + (20+a)
PW 3.38 20.5+a 69.29+3.38a
Reservoir empty,
ΣFV = 452.4+30a+1.2ab
ΣMA =2021.5+187.5a+15ab+0.4ab2 and from ΣFV/ΣMA = 1/3(12.5+b),

ΣM A ( 2021.5+187.5a+15ab+0.4ab ) = 1 (12.5+b)
2

=
One obtains from ΣFV 452.4+30a+1.2ab 3

6064.5+562.5a+45ab+1.2ab2=452.4b+30ab+1.2ab2+5655+375a+15ab
452.4b-187.5a-409.5=0 ⇔ 150.8b-62.5a-136.5=0 for reservoir empty case!
Then, a trial value of ‘a’ is assumed from which ‘b’ is calculated and full reservoir
condition is checked. The iteration is continued until values of ‘a’ and ‘b’, which satisfy
both U/S and D/S requirements are found.

b=
( 62.5 X 3.5) + 136.5 = 2.356m
First let’s try Δh=a=3.5m. From the above equation, 150.8

Then, the full reservoir, substituting a=3.5m and b=2.356m in the table
ΣM A 4477.04
= = 9.93m
ΣFV =450.93t, ΣMA =4477.04t-m and the arm ΣFV 450.93 as compared to
2/3(12.5+2.356) = 9.90m i.e. the resultant is slightly outside the kern, reservoir full.
This can be ignored. However, if accuracy is needed, revising with a trial value of
a=3.40m gives b=2.314m for which ΣFV =448.29t, ΣMA =4430t-m giving an arm equal
to 9.88m (for reservoir full case) from U/S face as compared to
2/3(12.5+2.314)=9.880m, o.k.(through slightly outside kern)
Therefore, lower boundary of zone III is at 23.40m below pool level.
For full reservoir condition,

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
ΣFH=277.16t, and safety against sliding
f = tanθ = ΣFH/ΣFV=277.16/448.28 = 0.62 < 0.7 o.k.
Maximum stress, σmax=2(ΣFV)/l = (2 X 448.29)/14.82 =6.05Kg/cm2 < 30Kg/cm2
Step-5: Zone IV
Below the bottom of zone III, the U/S face must battered to keep the resultant,
reservoir empty, within the middle third. Depth intervals are assumed as before, and
length position of each new joint computed to make the resultants for both empty and
full cases fall within the middle third.
In zone III, moment arms were measured from the U/S vertical face; but in zone IV,
this position is not fixed, and thus some other moment center must be chosen.
Selecting the vertical plane containing the U/S vertical face in zone III to remain as the
moment axis, the computation continues as follows:
To bring the depth intervals to multiple of 10m, a depth increment of is considered
first.
14.82m
W0
4.938
W4 m
-23.40

FH
W1

W2
W3

-30.00
♦A
a 14.82m b
x
l

FU
Figure-4. Zone-IV Block-1

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE

TABLE-5 Computation Summarized table for Zone-IV, Block-1

Force, t Arm, m Moment
Item Description Horizontal Vertical About A t-m
WO 563.84 4.938 2784.24

W1 14.82X6.6X2.4 234.75 7.41 1739.49

W2 (5.0)X6.6X2.4X1/2 39.60 16.457 652.87

Let b=5m
TOTAL Partial Empty 838.19 (6.176) 5176.6
2
→ l = 19.82 − 6.176 = 13.644 ⇒ l = 20.466 ⇒ a = 20.466 − 19.82 = 0.646 Take a=0.70
3
W3 0.70X6.6X2.4X1/2 5.54 -0.7/3 -1.29

TOTAL EMPTY 843.73 (6.134) 5175.31

W4 (30X0.7-1/2X0.766) 18.69 -0.364 -6.811

FH ½ X 302 450 10.0 4500.0

FU ½ X 2/3 X20.52 X 30 -205.2 6.14 -1259.93

PW 3.38 30.5 103.09

TOTAL FULL 453.38 657.22 (12.951) 8511.66

CHECK Resultant at 12.951+0.7=13.651 from Up Stream face compared with 2/3 x 20.52=13.680
Îinside kern by a margin of 0.029m. This can be ignored. But try b=4.95m, λ=20.47m
W2 4.95X6.6X2.4X ½ 39.20 16.47 645.62

TOTAL EMPTY 843.33 (6.128)VS 5168.06

6.123
FU ½ X 2/3 X 30 X 20.47 -204.7 6.123 -1253.45

TOTAL FULL 453.38 657.32 (12.948) 8510.89

CHECK Resultant at 12.949+0.7=13.648 from U/S face or
20.47-13.648=6.822m from down stream face compared to 20.47/3=6.823m
It is OK!!!

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
W4 AXIS
W

-30.00
W

W1
FH
W W

07 19.77m
-40.00
♦
a 20 47 b

FU
Figure-5. Zone-IV Block-2

TABLE-6 Computation Summarized table for Zone-IV, Block-2

Force, t Arm, m Moment
Item Description Horizontal Vertical About A t-m

WO 843.33 6.128 5168.06

W1 20.47X10X1X2.4 491.28 9.535 4684.35

W2 ½ (7.73) X 10 X 2.4 92.76 22.347 2072.88

TOTAL Partial Empty 1427.37 (8.355) 11925.29

2
→ l = (1 9 .7 7 − 7 .7 3 ) − 8 .3 5 5 = 1 9 .1 4 5 ⇒ l = 2 8 .7 1 8 ⇒ a = 2 8 .7 1 8 − ( 0 .7 + 2 7 .5 ) = 0 .5 1 8
3
Take a=0.70, λ=28.8m

W3 0.6X10X2.4X ½ 7.20 -0.9 -6.48

TOTAL EMPTY 1434.57 (8.308) 11918.81

W4 18.69 -6.817

W5 (0.6X40)-( ½ X 0.6 X 10 ) 21.0 1.0 -21.00

2
FH ½ X 40 800 40/3 10666.67

FU ½ X 2/3 X40 X 28.80 -384.00 8.30 -3187.20

PW 3.38 40.5 136.89

TOTAL FULL 803.38 1090.26 (17.893) 19507.36

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
CHECK:
Resultant is at 19.193m from U/S face Î 28.80-19.193=9.607m from down stream face as
compared to 28.80/3=9.60mÎ
It is OK!!!
2 X 1434.57 X 103
σ max = = 9.962 Kg 2 < 30 Kg 2 ( Empty Case )
28.80 X 104 cm cm
It is OK!!!

S .F .F =
(( 0.7 X 1090.26 X 10 ) + ( 0.5 X 28.8 X 50 X 10 )) = 9.91 > 5
3 4

803.38 X 103
It is OK!!!
Maximum stresses (without uplift):
ΣFV=1474.26; moment arm = 15.394m from A or 12.106m from downstream; moment=
22694.56t-mÎe=2.294m
1474.26 ⎡ 2.294 ⎤ 1
∴σ max = ⎢1+ ⎥ x = 5.53 Kg 2
28.8 ⎣ 28.8 ⎦ 10 cm

It is OK!!!
W4 AXIS

WO

-40.00
W5

W1

FH
W3 W2

1.30m 27.50m

-50.00
♦A
a 28.80m b

FU

Figure-6 Zone-IV Block-3

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
TABLE -7 Computation Summarized table for Zone-IV, Block-3
Force, t Arm, m Moment
Item Description Horizontal Vertical About A t-m
WO 1434.57 8.308 11918.81

W1 28.80X10X1X2.4 691.20 13.100 9054.72

W2 ½ (7.75) X 10 X 2.4 93.00 30.083 2797.75

TOTAL Partial Empty 2218.77 (10.714) 23771.28

2
→ l = 3 5.2 5 − 1 0.7 14 = 1 6.10 5 ⇒ l = 36 .8 ⇒ a = 3 6.8 − 2 8.8 − 7.7 5 = 0.2 5 m say 0.27 m
3

W3 ½ X0.27X10X2.4 3.24 -1.39 -4.504

TOTAL EMPTY 2222.01 (10.696) 23766.78

W4 39.69 from previous -27.811

W5 (0.27X50)-( ½ X 0.27X 10 ) 12.15 1.435 -17.44

FH ½ X 502 1250 50/3 20833.33

FU ½ X 2/3 X50 X 36.82 -613.67 10.703 -6568.31

PW 3.38 50.5 170.69

TOTAL FULL 1253.38 1660.18 (22.984) 38157.24
CHECK:
Resultant fall at 22.984 + 1.57 = 24.554m from U/S face Î
i.e., 36.82-24.554m = 12.266m from downstream edge as compared to 36.82/3=12.273mÎIt is OK!!!
W4 AXIS
W

-50.00
W

W1
FH
W W

1 57 35.25m
-60.00
♦
a 36 82 b

FU
Figure-7 Computation Summarized table for Zone-IV, Block-4

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HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
TABLE-8 Computation Summarized table for Zone-IV Block-4
Force, t Arm, m Moment
Item Description Horizontal Vertical About A t-m
WO 2222.01 10.696 23766.78

W1 36.82X10X1X2.4 883.68 16.84 14881.17

W2 ½ (7.78) X 10 X 2.4 93.36 37.843 3533.05

TOTAL Partial Empty 3199.05 (13.185) 42181.00

2
→ l = 43 .0 3 − 1 3.18 5 = 29 .8 45 ⇒ l = 4 4.7 7 ⇒ a = 4 4.77 − 4 4.60 = 0 .1 7 m sa y 0 .2 0 m
3
⇒ l = 4 4.6 + 0 .2 0 = 4 4.80 m
W3 ½ X0.2X10X2.4 2.40 -1.637 -3.93

TOTAL EMPTY 320.45 (13.174) 42177.07

W4 51.84 -45.25

W5 (0.2X60)-( ½ X 0.2X 10 ) 11.0 1.67 -18.37

FH ½ X 602 1800 20 36000

FU ½ X 2/3 X60 X 44.8 -896 13.163 -11794.35

PW 3.38 60.5 204.49

TOTAL FULL 1803.38 2368.29 (28.089) 66523.59

Resultant is at 28.089 + 1.57 + 0.2 = 29.859m from upstream edge or

44.8-29.859 = 14.941m from downstream edge that is 1/3 x 44.8 = 14.933m
Inside kern by 8mm (0.008m)
Stresses:
(a) EMPTY

σ max =
( 2 X 3201.45 X 10 ) = 14.292 Kg
3

,
44.8 X 104 cm 2

σ ' = 14.3 Kg
cm 2
(b) FULL

σ max =
( 2 X 2368.29 X 10 ) = 10.573 Kg
3

, m=7.78/10 =0.788
44.8 X 104 cm 2

σ ' = (1 + 0.7882 )10.573 = 16.97 Kg 2 < 30 Kg It is OK!!!

cm cm 2

Endale Tsegaye Page 18 2/23/2004

HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
Disregarding uplift
ΣFV=3264.29t;
Moment arm =23.992m from A or 19.038m from downstream
Moment about A= 78317.94t-m
Îe=44.8/2 -19.038 = 3.362m

3264.29 ⎡ 3.362 ⎤
σ max = ⎢1+ ⎥ = 7.833 Kg 2 , not critical
44.8 X 10 ⎣ 44.8 ⎦ cm

σ ' = (1 + 0.7882 ) σ max

σ ' = (1 + 0.7882 ) 7.833 = 12.57 Kg

cm 2
σ ' < σ allowable
It is OK!!!
ΣFH 1803.38
tan Φ = = = 0.761 > 0.7
ΣFV 2368.29
It is OK!!!

S .F .F =
(( 0.7 X 2368.29 X 10 ) + ( 0.5 X 44.8 X 50 X 10 )) = 7.13 > 5
3 4

1803.38 X 103
It is OK!!!

The overall profile of the resulting section is as follows:

Endale Tsegaye Page 19 2/23/2004

HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
 DEPARTMENT-IWRE
DAM ENGINEERING-I GRAVITY DAM DESIGN EXERCISE
+1.80
ZONE I
0.00

ZONE I
-10.00 7.50

ZONE III

-23.40 14.82

0.70

-30.00 19.77

1.30
ZONE IV

-40.00 27.50

1.57

-50.00 35.25

1.77

-60.00 43.03

44.80

Endale Tsegaye Page 20 2/23/2004

HAWASSA UNIVERSITY