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3. FOUNDATION ANALYSIS
Project Name : XXX
Client : XXX
Tower Type : XXX Height (m) : XX

A. LOAD CASE
Maximum Force at Pedestal :
Compressive Force - C (ton) = 2.80
Lateral Force in X Direction - Hx (ton) = 0.28
Lateral Force in Y Direction - Hy (ton) = 0.40
Moment in X Direction - Mx (ton-m) = 0.00
Moment in Y Direction - My (ton-m) = 0.00
Load Eccentricities :
Eccentricity along Width of Footing - e B (m) = 0.00
Eccentricity along Length of Footing - e L (m) = 0.00

B. FOUNDATION GEOMETRY
Depth of Foundation - H (mm) = 1800
Pedestal
Width of Pedestal - B1 (mm) = 900
Height of Pedestal above Ground - T1 (mm) = 500
Height of Pedestal - T (mm) = 1900
Edge Pedestal to Edge Footing - B' (mm) = Enlarge Footing !
Edge Pedestal to Edge Footing - B" (mm) = Enlarge Footing !
Grade of Concrete - K (kg/cm2) = 275
f'c (kg/cm2) = 228.25
Footing and Add. Pad
Width of Footing - B (mm) = 1800
Length of Footing - L (mm) = 1800
Footing Thickness - D (mm) = 400
Top Footing to Ground Surface - T2 (mm) = 1400
Length of Add. Pad - E (mm) =
Thickness of Add. Pad - F (mm) =
Grade of Concrete - K (kg/cm2) = 175 Figure 1. Foundation
f'c (kg/cm2) = 145.25

C. SOIL BEARING CAPACITY FROM SONDIR TEST

Soil Bearing Capacity - qc (ton/m2) = 100
Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity - Qall (ton/m ) =
2
qc / 15
= 6.67

D. BEARING CAPACITY
Eccentricity Load Condition = No Eccentricity
 Page 2 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

eL/L = 0.000 L (m) = 1.80

eB/B = 0.000 B (m) = 1.80
Case of Two-Way Eccentricities : N/A Case of One-
Case 1 : eL/L ≥ 1/6 and eB/B ≥ 1/6 NO Case 1 : Eccentricity along Width of Footing
Case 2 : eL/L < 0.5 and 0 < eB/B < 1/6 NO Case 2 : Eccentricity along Length of Footing
Case 3 : eL/L < 1/6 and 0 < eB/B < 0.5 NO Effective Area of Foundation caused by Ecce
Case 4 : eL/L < 1/6 and eB/B < 1/6 NO A' (m2) = B' L
B' (m) = Effective Width = N/A (Two-Way Eccentricities)
Case 3 Case 4
B1/B B2/B B2/B
0.00 0.00 0.00
= N/A (One-Way Eccentricity)
L' (m) = Effective Length = N/A (Two-Way Eccentricities)
Case 2 Case 4
L1/L L2/L L2/L
0.00 0.00 0.00
= N/A (One-Way Eccentricity)
 Page 3 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

Bearing Capacity According to Terzaghi's Formula :

qu (ton) =

where :

Square

then :
h1 (m) = NO (level of GWT below ground surface)
GWT Cond. = N/A (see Figure 2)
H' (m) = 0.00
He (m) = 0.5B tan (45 + φ/2) (approximately depth of
= 1.56 wedge zone)
ϕ = 30° (internal friction angle)
Nq = 22.5
(Terzaghi's bearing capacity
Nc = 37.2 factor)
Nγ = 19.7
sc = 1.30
(shape factor)
sγ = 0.80
γe (ton/m3) = (γe is an everage effective unit
weight of the soil in the
wedge zone)
= 0.00
q (ton/m ) = Overburden Pressure (OP)
2
γ' (ton/m3) = γsat - γw
=γ H = N/A
= 3.73
c (ton/m ) = Cohession
2

= 2.15
thus, Terzaghi's Ultimate Bearing Capacity :
qu (ton/m2) = 217.17
Bearing Capacity of an Eccentically Loaded Foundation :
Qu (ton) = qu A'
= 0.00
then, Terzaghi's Allowable Bearing Capacity :
qall (ton/m2) = qu/SF (if centrically loaded) or (Qu/A)/SF (if eccentrically loaded)
SF = 3.0
qall (ton/m2) = 72.39 (centrically loaded)
qall (ton/m2) = N/A (eccentrically loaded)

Bearing Capacity According to Meyerhof's Formula :

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qu (ton) = (Eq. D.2)

where :

Shape : Depth :
 Page 5 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

then :
ϕ = 30° (internal friction angle)
Nq = 18.4
(Meyerhof's bearing
Nc = 30.13 capacity factor)
Nγ = 15.7
Kp = tan2 (45 + ϕ/2)
= 3.00
B' (m) = Effective Width
= 1.80
D (m) = 1.80
shape factor :
sc = 1.60
sq = sγ = 1.30
depth factor :
dc = 1.35
dq = dγ = 1.17
γe (ton/m3) = (γe is an everage effective unit
weight of the soil in the
wedge zone)
= 0.00
q (ton/m ) = Overburden Pressure
2
γ' (ton/m3) = γsat - γw
=γ H
= 3.73
c (ton/m ) = Cohession
2

= 2.15
thus, Meyerhof's Ultimate Bearing Capacity :
qu (ton/m2) = 288.72
Ultimate Load of an Eccentically Loaded Foundation :
Qu (ton) = qu A'
= 0.00
then, Meyerhof's Allowable Bearing Capacity :
qall (ton/m2) = qu/SF (if centrically loaded) or (Qu/A)/SF (if eccentrically loaded)
SF = 3.0
qall (ton/m2) = 96.24 (centrically loaded)
qall (ton/m ) = N/A
2
(eccentrically loaded)
The summary of Allowable Bearing Capacity - qall :
qall (ton/m2) = 6.67 (Sondir)
qall (ton/m2) = 72.39 (Terzaghi)
qall (ton/m2) = 96.24 (Meyerhof)
qall (ton/m2) = 6.67 (Used allowable bearing capacity)
Check bearing capacity against compressive force :

Qmax (ton/m2) = Qmin (ton/m2) = (Eq. D.4)

where :
P (ton) = Wc + Ws + C
= 16.65
A (m ) = B x L
2
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= 3.24
M (ton-m) = M + (H x Ht) if centrically loaded or M + (H x Ht) + (C x e) if eccentrically loaded
= 0.92
S (m ) = Static Moment of Section
3

= 0.97
thus :
Qmax (ton/m2) = 6.08
Qmax < Qall ……….. OK ! (Foundation is Sufficient to Support Compressive Force)
Qmin (ton/m2) = 4.19
Qmin > 0 ……….. OK ! (Foundation is Stable)
 Page 7 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

E. CAPACITY AGAINST OVERTURNING

Figure 4. Overturning Force Diagram

γ (ton/m3) = Unit Weight of Soil = γwet Unit Weight of Water - γw (ton/m3

= 2.07 Moisture Content - w (%
γsat (ton/m ) = Saturated Unit Weight of Soil
3 Specific Gravity of Soil - G
= N/A
γc (ton/m ) = Unit Weight of Concrete
3

= 2.40
Vc1 (m ) = 1.54
3
(volume of concrete 1 - pedestal)
Vs1 (m3) = 3.40 (volume of backfill soil - 1 st layer)
Vs2 (m3) = 0.00 (volume of backfill soil - 2 ndlayer)
Vc2 (m3) = 1.30 (volume of concrete 2 - footing + add. pad)
wc1 (ton) = 3.69 (weight of concrete 1 - pedestal)
ws1 (ton) = 7.04 (weight of backfill soil - 1 st layer)
ws2 (ton) = 0.00 (weight of backfill soil - 2 nd layer)
wc2 (ton) = 3.11 (weight of concrete 2 - footing + add. pad)
Wc (ton) = wc1 + wc2
= 6.80
Ws (ton) = ws1 + ws2
= 7.04
W (ton) = Wc + Ws
= 13.85 (total weight of concrete + backfill soil)
thus, Overturning Moment - MO :
Mo-x (ton-m) = (Hx . (T + D)) + Mx
= 0.64
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Mo-y (ton-m) = (Hy . (T + D)) + My

= 0.92
Mo (ton-m) = 0.92
Resisting Moment - MR :
MR-x (ton-m) = (Wc . B/2) + (Ws . B/2) + (C . B/2)
= 14.98
MR-y (ton-m) = (Wc . B/2) + (Ws . B/2) + (C . B/2)
= 14.98
MR (ton-m) = 14.98
Safety Factor (SF) for Overturning = 2.0
check :
MR/MO > 2 ……….. OK ! (Foundation is Sufficient to Support Overturning Force)
 Page 9 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

F. CAPACITY AGAINST SHEAR FORCE

Formula :
SF = (ΣV / ΣH) δ > 1.5
where :
ΣV = total vertical force (ton) = Wc + W s + C
= 16.65
ΣH = total horizontal force (ton) = H + (M/(T1 + H))
= 0.40
δ = coefficient of friction = 0.45
thus :
18.7 > 1.5 ……….. OK ! (Foundation is Sufficient against Lateral Force)

G. PUNCHING SHEAR ON FOOTING

Two-Way Punching Shear
Formula :
ϕVc > Vu
where :
ϕ = shear strength reduction factor
= 0.75
Vc1 = 1st formula of concrete shear strength

= (Eq. G.1)

βc = ratio of long side to short side of the column,

concentrated load or reaction area
=1
b0 (cm) = 4 (D + B1) or 4 (D + F + B1)
= 520
d (cm) = D or D + F
= 40
thus :
Vc1 (ton) = 395.66
Vc2 = 2nd formula of concrete shear strength

= (Eq. G.2)

αs = 40 (for interior column) interior column

30 (for edge column) then αs =
20 (for corner column) 40
thus :
Vc2 (ton) = 334.79
Vc3 = 3rd formula of concrete shear strength
=4 (Eq. G.3)
thus :
Vc3 (ton) = 263.77
the smallest Vc :
Vc (ton) = 263.77
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thus, Design Shear Strength :

ϕVc (ton) = 197.83
then :
Vu = factored shear force on critical area (ton)
= C . Shade Ratio
where :
Shade Ratio = Footing Area (m2) =
Punching Area (m2) =
= 0.48
thus, Ultimate Shear Strength :
Vu (ton) = 5.03
check :
ϕVc > Vu ……….. OK ! (Footing is Sufficient to Support Two-Way Punching Shear)
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One-Way Punching Shear

Formula :
ϕVc > Vu
where :
ϕ = shear strength reduction factor
= 0.75
Vc1 = 1st formula of concrete shear strength

βc = ratio of long side to short side of the column,

concentrated load or reaction area
=1
b0 (cm) = L
= 180
d (cm) = D or D + F
= 40
thus :
Vc1 (ton) = 136.96
Vc2 = 2nd formula of concrete shear strength

αs = 40 (for interior column) interior column

30 (for edge column) then αs =
20 (for corner column) 40
thus :
Vc2 (ton) = 311.58
Vc3 = 3rd formula of concrete shear strength
=4
thus :
Vc3 (ton) = 91.31
the smallest Vc :
Vc (ton) = 91.31
thus, Design Shear Strength :
ϕVc (ton) = 68.48
then :
Vu = factored shear force on critical area (ton)
= C . Shade Ratio
where :
Shade Ratio = Footing Area (m2) =
Punching Area (m2) =
= 0.86 =
thus, Ultimate Shear Strength : =
Vu (ton) = 6.10 =
check :
ϕVc > Vu ……….. OK ! (Footing is Sufficient to Support One-Way Punching Shear)
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H. REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT
Pedestal Reinforcement
Design of Longitudinal Reinforcement
Assumed Percentage of Reinforcement = 0.25% Actual Percentage of Reinforcemen
Gross Area of Section - Ag (cm )
2
= 8100
Total Area of Longitudinal Reinforcement - Ast1 (cm2) = 20.25
Try to Use Reinforcement :
Number of Rebar = 12 Ast2 > Ast1 ………………
Dia. (mm) = 16
Total Area of Longitudinal Reinforcement - Ast2 (cm2) = 24.13
Type and Grade of Reinforcement = Deformed
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Tensile Strength - fu (MPa) = 560

Minimum Yield Stress - fy (MPa) = 390
Concrete Cover (mm) = 50
Formula :
ϕPn > Pu
where :
Pu (ton) = C
= 2.80
Pn (ton) = 0.80 [0.85 fc' (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast] tied column, ϕ = 0.65
= 1328.73 spiral column, ϕ = 0.75
thus :
ϕPn (ton) = 863.68
Check Axial Load Capacity of Column :
ϕPn > Pu ……….. OK ! (Pedestal is Sufficient to Support Axial Load)

Used Longitudinal Reinforcement :

12 D 16

Design of Ties
Type and Grade of Reinforcement = Deformed fu (MPa) = 560
Try to use Dia. (mm) = 13 fy (MPa) = 390
Spacing (S) of stirrup is the smallest from :
16 x dia. of longitudinal reinforcement (mm) = 256
48 x dia. of strirrup (mm) = 624
The smallest of pedestal width (mm) = 900
The smallest spacing - S (mm) = 256
Used spacing - S (mm) = 150

Check for Requirement Shear Reinforcement Area :

Asmin-1 (mm2) = not less than Asmin-2 (mm2) =

= 102.32 = 115.38
Actual Shear Reinforcement Area : check :
Av (mm2) = 2 (πr2) Asmin < Av
= 265.46

Try to Use U-Stirrup Dia. (mm) =

Direction of U-Stirrup =
Spacing of U-Stirrup (mm) =
Av1 (mm2) = 0.00
then, Actual Shear Reinforcement Area become :
Av' (mm2) = Av + Av1
= 265.46
check :
Av' > Asmin ……….. (Minimum Shear Reinforcement Area is Sufficient)
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Design of Cross Sections Subject to Shear :

ϕVn ≥ Vu
where :
ϕ = shear strength red. factor = 0.65

Vn = Vc + V s Vc (lb) =

where :
Nu (lb) = C
= 6172.94
Ag (in ) = B1 x B1
2

= 1255.50
 Page 15 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

f'c (psi) = 3246.48

Vs (ton) = = 58.36

Vu (ton) = H
= 0.40
ϕVn > Vu

Try to Use U-Stirrup Dia. (mm) = N/A

Av' (mm2) = N/A
Direction of U-Stirrup = N/A
Spacing of U-Stirrup (mm) = N/A
Vs' (ton) = N/A
After add U-Stirrup, we get :
Vn (ton) = Vc + (Vs + Vs') = N/A
ϕVn (ton) = N/A
check :
ϕVn > Vu ……….. OK ! (Pedestal is Sufficient to Support Shear Force)

Used Tied Reinforcement : D 13 - 150

Used U-Stirrup Reinforcement : D0 - 0

Footing and Add. Pad Reinforcement

Try to Use Footing Reinforcement :
Dia. (mm) = 13
Spacing (mm) = 150
Type and Grade of Reinforcement = Deformed
Tensile Strength - fu1 (MPa) = 560
Minimum Yield Stress - fy1 (MPa) = 390
Try to Use Add. Pad Reinforcement :
Dia. (mm) =
Spacing (mm) =
Type and Grade of Reinforcement =
Tensile Strength - fu2 (MPa) =
Minimum Yield Stress - fy2 (MPa) =
Concrete Cover
c (mm) = 50
Bearing Force of Soil to Footing - q (ton) = Qmax
= .e.L
= 4.93
where :
e (m) = (B - B1) / 2 if centrically loaded or (B/2) + e - (B1/2) if eccentically loaded
= 0.45
then :
Moment at Face of Pedestal - M (ton-m) = q . e/2 (see Figure 9)
= 1.11
The area of reinforcement :
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(Eq. H.5)

then : k1 = n / (n + r1) ==> (Footing)

Asreq. (mm2) = M / (fs j d) = 0.30
where : k2 = n / (n + r2) ==> (Add. Pad)
fs (MPa) = fy = 0.30
j1 = 1 - k1/3 ==> (Footing) n = Es/Ec
= 0.90 = 11.27
j2 = 1 - k2/3 ==> (Add. Pad) r1 = fy1 / f'c ==> (Footing)
= 0.90 = 26.85
d (mm) = D - concrete cover - rebar diameter/2 r2 = fy2 / f'c ==> (Add. Pad)
= 344 (without Add. Pad) = 0.00
d (mm) = (D + F) - concrete cover - rebar diameter/2 Es (MPa) = 199948
= N/A Ec (MPa) = 17738
 Page 17 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

thus :
Asreq. (mm2) = 90.05
then :
Total Area of Reinforcement - Astotal (mm2) = 1637.03
Check :
Astotal > Asreq ……….. OK ! (Assumption Rebar Area is Sufficient)

Used X - Footing Reinf. (Top & Bott.) : D 13 - 150

Used Y - Footing Reinf. (Top & Bott.) : D 13 - 150
Used X - Add. Pad Reinforcement : Ø0 - 0
Used Y - Add. Pad Reinforcement : Ø0 - 0

I. SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS
Table of Summary of Analysis
Foundation Stability
Max. Base Pressure Allowable Bearing of Soil
Design Requirement
(ton/m2) (ton/m2)
Qmax. 6.08 qall
Bearing Capacity
Qmin. 4.19 qall

Design Requirement Actual Safety Factor Minimum Safety Factor

Overturning Capacity 16.28 2.0

Design Requirement Actual Safety Factor Minimum Safety Factor

Sliding Capacity 18.7 1.5

Concrete Assessment
Ultimate Axial Force - Pu Design Axial Force - ϕPn
Design Requirement
(ton) (ton)
Pedestal - Axial Capacity 2.80 863.68
Ultimate Shear Force - Vu Design Shear Force - ϕVn
Design Requirement
(ton) (ton)
Pedestal - Shear Capacity 0.40 76.89
Ultimate Shear Force - Vu Design Shear Force - ϕVc
Design Requirement
(ton) (ton)
Slab - Punching Shear by Pedestal - One Way 6.10 68.48
Slab - Punching Shear by Pedestal - Two Ways 5.03 197.83
 Page 18 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34

N ANALYSIS
Site Name : XXX
Site ID : XXX 25

Foundation Type : Single Footing

20

15

Depth (m)

10

Figure 1. Foundation Geometry

0
0 10
 Page 19 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:34
0
0 10

Case of One-Way Eccentricity : N/A

ty along Width of Footing (e L = 0) NO
ty along Length of Footing (e B = 0) NO
oundation caused by Eccentricity :
A' (m2) = B' L' = N/A
 Page 20 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

(Eq. D.1)
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Figure 2. Ground Water Table (GWT) Conditions

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(Eq. D.3)

Figure 3. Illustration of Bearing Pressure under Footing

 Page 23 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

trically loaded

ressive Force)
 Page 24 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

Force Diagram

eight of Water - γw (ton/m3) = 1

Moisture Content - w (%) = N/A
Specific Gravity of Soil - Gs= N/A
γdry (ton/m3) = γwet / (1 + w) (Eq. E.1)
= N/A
Vs (m ) =
3
γdry / (Gs γw) (Eq. E.2)
= N/A
Vv (m ) =
3
1 - Vs (Eq. E.3)
= N/A
Page 25 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35
 Page 26 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

(Eq. F.1)

Figure 5. Two-Way Punching Shear

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B x L = 3.24
(D + B1)2 = 1.69 (without Add. Pad)
(D + F + B1)2 = N/A (with Add. Pad)

unching Shear)
 Page 28 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

Figure 6. One-Way Punching Shear Line

BxL = 3.24
L x (((B - B1) / 2) - (D/2)) (without Add. Pad)
0.45
L x (((B - B1) / 2) - ((D+F)/2)) (with Add. Pad)
N/A

unching Shear)
 Page 29 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

rcentage of Reinforcement = 0.30%

OK ! (Assumption Rebar Area is Sufficient)

 Page 30 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

(Eq. H.1)
tied column = 0.65

Figure 7. Illustration of Pedestal Reinforcement

used Asmin (mm2) = 115.38 (Eq. H.2)

No Need Additional U-Stirrup !

 Page 31 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

Vc (lb) = 132108.12 (Eq. H.3)

Vc (ton) = 59.92

bw (in) = B1
= 35.43
d (in) = B1 - c - Ds - (D/2)
= 32.64
 Page 32 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

hence :
Vn (ton) = 118.29
ϕVn (ton) = 76.89 (Eq. H.4)

No Need Additional U-Stirrup !

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Figure 8. Critical Flexure Location

/ (n + r1) ==> (Footing)

/ (n + r2) ==> (Add. Pad)

.27
/ f'c ==> (Footing)
.85
/ f'c ==> (Add. Pad)
00
 Page 34 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

tability
Allowable Bearing of Soil
Ratio Remark for Analysis Result
(ton/m2)
6.67 1.10 OK - design is sufficient
0.00 - OK - found. is stable

Minimum Safety Factor Ratio Remark for Analysis Result

2.0 8.14 OK - design is sufficient

Minimum Safety Factor Ratio Remark for Analysis Result

1.5 12.48 OK - design is sufficient

ssment
Design Axial Force - ϕPn Ratio Remark for Analysis Result
(ton)
863.68 308.46 OK - design is sufficient
Design Shear Force - ϕVn Ratio Remark for Analysis Result
(ton)
76.89 192.21 OK - design is sufficient
Design Shear Force - ϕVc Ratio Remark for Analysis Result
(ton)
68.48 11.22 OK - design is sufficient
197.83 39.31 OK - design is sufficient
 Page 35 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

Soil Pressure vs qall

Soil Pressure (kN/m2)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Pressure (kN/m2)
 Page 36 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Pressure (kN/m2)
 Page 37 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

vs qall

Soil Pressure (kN/m2)

50 60 70 80
 Page 38 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:35

50 60 70 80
 CPT Data

Soil Pressure Soil Pressu

z z qc1 qc2 qall
(Westergaard)
(m) (m) (kg/cm2) (kg/cm2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
25
1.95 75.92 0.00 0 0 0.00
2.15 68.86 0.20 2 2 13.07
2.35 63.00 0.40 2 3 13.07
2.55 58.06 0.60 3 2 13.07
2.75 53.84 0.80 3 3 19.61
2.95 50.19 1.00 5 8 32.68
3.15 47.00 1.20 3 6 19.61
3.35 44.19 1.40 4 10 26.14
3.55 41.70 1.60 4 14 26.14 20
3.75 39.48 1.80 15 35 98.04
3.95 37.48 2.00 13 20 84.97
4.15 35.67 2.20 20 25 130.72
4.35 34.03 2.40 25 20 130.72
4.55 32.54 2.60 28 10 65.36
4.75 31.17 2.80 36 3 19.61
4.95 29.91 3.00 65 4 26.14
5.15 28.75 3.20 40 35 228.76
5.35 27.67 3.40 20 35 130.72 15
5.55 26.68 3.60 20 38 130.72
5.75 25.75 3.80 150 95 620.91
5.95 24.88 4.00 80 65 424.84
Depth (m)

6.15 24.07 4.20 110 70 457.52

6.35 23.31 4.40 70 40 261.44
6.55 22.60 4.60 100 45 294.12
6.75 21.93 4.80 170 85 555.55
6.95 21.30 5.00 200 98 640.52
7.15 20.71 5.20 79 516.34 10
7.35 20.14 5.40 115 751.63
7.55 19.61 5.60 108 705.88
7.75 19.10 5.80 140 915.03
7.95 18.62 6.00 205 1339.87
8.15 18.17 6.20 ###
8.35 17.73 6.40 ###
8.55 17.32 6.60 ###
8.75 16.92 6.80 ###
8.95 16.54 7.00 ### 5
9.15 16.18 7.20 ###
9.35 15.83 7.40 ###
9.55 15.50 7.60 ###
9.75 15.18 7.80 ###
9.95 14.88 8.00 ###
10.15 14.59 8.20 ###
10.35 14.30 8.40 ###
10.55 14.03 8.60 ###
10.75 13.77 8.80 ### 0
10.95 13.52 9.00 ### 0 10 20 30 40

11.15 13.28 9.20 ###

11.35 13.04 9.40 ### Pressure (kN/m2)
11.55 12.82 9.60 ###
11.75 12.60 9.80 ###
11.95 12.39 10.00 ###
12.15 12.18 10.20 ###
12.35 11.99 10.40 ###
12.55 11.80 10.60 ###
12.75 11.61 10.80 ###
12.95 11.43 11.00 ###
13.15 11.26 11.20 ###
13.35 11.09 11.40 ###
13.55 10.93 11.60 ###
13.75 10.77 11.80 ###
13.95 10.61 12.00 ###
14.15 10.46 12.20 ###
14.35 10.32 12.40 ###
14.55 10.18 12.60 ###
14.75 10.04 12.80 ###
14.95 9.90 13.00 ###
15.15 9.77 13.20 ###
15.35 9.64 13.40 ###
15.55 9.52 13.60 ###
15.75 9.40 13.80 ###
15.95 9.28 14.00 ###
16.15 9.17 14.20 ###
16.35 9.05 14.40 ###
16.55 8.95 14.60 ###
16.75 8.84 14.80 ###
16.95 8.73 15.00 ###
17.15 8.63 15.20 ###
17.35 8.53 15.40 ###
17.55 8.44 15.60 ###
17.75 8.34 15.80 ###
17.95 8.25 16.00 ###
18.15 8.16 16.20 ###
18.35 8.07 16.40 ###
18.55 7.98 16.60 ###
18.75 7.90 16.80 ###
18.95 7.81 17.00 ###
19.15 7.73 17.20 ###
19.35 7.65 17.40 ###
19.55 7.57 17.60 ###
19.75 7.50 17.80 ###
19.95 7.42 18.00 ###
20.15 7.35 18.20 ###
20.35 7.28 18.40 ###
20.55 7.20 18.60 ###
20.75 7.13 18.80 ###
20.95 7.07 19.00 ###
21.15 7.00 19.20 ###
21.35 6.93 19.40 ###
21.55 6.87 19.60 ###
21.75 6.81 19.80 ###
21.95 6.74 20.00 ###
 Soil Pressure vs qall

Soil Pressure (kN/m2)

30 40 50 60 70 80

Pressure (kN/m2)
Note :
These soil parameters are used when soil test results (field investigation & laboratory testing) are not

Table 1 Table 2 Table 3

Grade of Concrete 40 interior column Type of Fu
Rebar
100 83.00 30 edge column Deformed 560
125 103.75 20 corner column Plain 380
175 145.25 N/A
225 186.75
275 228.25
300 249.00
N/A N/A

Table 12
Shear Strength for Cohessive Soil (φ = 0)
Shear Strength for Granular Soil (c = 0)
Case 2 - Two-W

A
on & laboratory testing) are not available which as empirical value refers to some preferable references

Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Rebar Table 6

Fy tied column 0.65 Rebar Diameter
Diameter φ (frustum) H/B
(Deformed)
390 spiral column 0.75 10 (Plain)
6 20° 2.5
235 13 7 25° 3
16 8 30° 4
19 10 35° 5
22 12 40° 7
25 16 45° 9
29 19 48° 11
32 22
N/A 25
29
32
N/A

Table 13
Case 2 - Two-Way Eccentricities

Additional Tables as Reference

e references

Table 7
Bearing Capacity Factor - Terzaghi
φ Nc φ Nq φ Nϒ φ
0° 5.7 0° 1.0 0° 0.0 0°
5° 7.3 5° 1.6 5° 0.5 5°
10° 9.6 10° 2.7 10° 1.2 10°
15° 12.9 15° 4.4 15° 2.5 15°
20° 17.7 20° 7.4 20° 5.0 20°
25° 25.1 25° 12.7 25° 9.7 25°
30° 37.2 30° 22.5 30° 19.7 30°
34° 52.6 34° 36.5 34° 36.0 34°
35° 57.8 35° 41.4 35° 42.4 35°
40° 95.7 40° 81.3 40° 100.4 40°
45° 172.3 45° 173.3 45° 297.5 45°
48° 258.3 48° 287.9 48° 780.1 48°
50° 347.5 50° 415.1 50° 1153.2 50°

Table 14 Tab
 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10
φ (frustum angle) m φ (frustum angle) sf Shape sc
Kpϒ 20° 0.05 20° 1.12 Strip 1.0
10.8 25° 0.10 25° 1.30 Round 1.3
12.2 30° 0.15 30° 1.60 Square 1.3
14.7 35° 0.25 35° 2.25
18.6 40° 0.35 40° 4.45
25.0 45° 0.50 45° 5.50
35.0 48° 0.60 48° 7.60
52.0
0.0
82.0
141.0
298.0
0.0
800.0

Table 15 Table 16
Cases of Eccentricities
 Graphic 1
Case 3 - Two-Way Eccentricities
Table 10 Table 11
sϒ Bearing Capacity Factor - Meyerh
1.0 φ Nc φ Nq φ Nϒ(H) φ
0.6 0° 5.14 0° 1.0 0° 0.0 0°
0.8 5° 6.49 5° 1.6 5° 0.1 5°
10° 8.34 10° 2.5 10° 0.4 10°
15° 10.97 15° 3.9 15° 1.2 15°
20° 14.83 20° 6.4 20° 2.9 20°
25° 20.71 25° 10.7 25° 6.8 25°
26° 22.25 26° 11.8 26° 7.9 26°
28° 25.79 28° 14.7 28° 10.9 28°
30° 30.13 30° 18.4 30° 15.1 30°
32° 35.47 32° 23.2 32° 20.8 32°
34° 42.14 34° 29.4 34° 28.7 34°
36° 50.55 36° 37.7 36° 40.0 36°
38° 61.31 38° 48.9 38° 56.1 38°
40° 75.25 40° 64.1 40° 79.4 40°
45° 133.73 45° 134.7 45° 200.5 45°
50° 266.50 50° 318.5 50° 567.4 50°

Table 16 Table 1

1 psf = 0.00429

Very soft cohesive soil = 0.000

Soft cohesive soil = 1.073
Medium Stiff cohesive soil = 2.145
Stiff cohesive soil = 4.290
Very stiff cohesive soil = 8.580
 Table 11
ring Capacity Factor - Meyerhof
Nϒ(M) φ Nϒ(V) φ Nq/Nc φ 2 tan φ (1 - sin φ)2
0.0 0° 0.0 0° 0.195 0° 0.000
0.1 5° 0.4 5° 0.242 5° 0.146
0.4 10° 1.2 10° 0.296 10° 0.241
1.1 15° 2.6 15° 0.359 15° 0.294
2.9 20° 5.4 20° 0.431 20° 0.315
6.8 25° 10.9 25° 0.514 25° 0.311
8.0 26° 12.5 26° 0.533 26° 0.308
11.2 28° 16.7 28° 0.570 28° 0.299
15.7 30° 22.4 30° 0.610 30° 0.289
22.0 32° 30.2 32° 0.653 32° 0.276
31.1 34° 41.0 34° 0.698 34° 0.262
44.4 36° 56.2 36° 0.746 36° 0.247
64.0 38° 77.9 38° 0.797 38° 0.231
93.6 40° 109.3 40° 0.852 40° 0.214
262.3 45° 271.3 45° 1.007 45° 0.172
871.7 50° 761.3 50° 1.195 50° 0.131

Table 17 Table 18
Weight of Rebar (kg/m)
Deformed Rebar
10 0.617
13 1.042
16 1.578
19 2.226
22 2.984
25 3.853
29 5.185
32 6.313

ton/m2

until 1.073 ton/m2

until 2.145 ton/m2
until 4.290 ton/m2
until 8.580 ton/m2
until 17.160 ton/m2
Case 4 - Two-Way Eccentricities
 Table 18
Weight of Rebar (kg/m)
Plain Rebar
6 0.222
7 0.302
8 0.395
10 0.617
12 0.888
16 1.578
19 2.226
22 2.984
25 3.853
 Geometry of Foundatio

2/)D+F(
eB

Add. Pad Critical Area

)without Add. Pad(

eL
Pedestal
Pedestal

L
Footing Footing

Y B1 Critical Area
)with Add. Pad(
E D/2
X
B

B1

Ground Level

T1
Pedestal

Pedestal
φ Backfill Backfill
Soil Soil Add. Pad

T
E

T2
Footing
H

Add. Pad
F

F
Footing

D
D
 D
D
B

Case 1

γ
q1 c

h1
ϕ
GWT

H
γsat

q2

Case 2

Qmax
γ
c
ϕ

H = h1
q
GWT
B γsat
B1
 Case 3

γ
c
ϕ

h1
q

wedge zone
'H
q'
GWT
γsat
Geometry of Foundation

B1 2/)D+F(
Critical Area
b0 )with Add. Pad(
Critical Area Critical Flexural Line
)without Add. Pad(

Pedestal Pedestal

L = b0
L
Footing Footing

Add. Pad B1 Add. Pad

B1 D/2 D/2

B 2/)D+F(
B
B1 B1

Pedestal Pedestal
shear line
(with add. pad) shear line
Add. Pad (with add. pad) Add. Pad
shear line
(without add. pad) Footing shear line Footing
(without add. pad)

F
F

D
D
 D
D
B
B
e
C
B1
M C

Ground Level

T1
ws1 ws1
wc1
GWT

T
T2
ws2 ws2

H
Qmin

wc2

D
B
B

U-Stirrup
Y-Direction

Tied
Stirrup

Longitudinal
Reinforcement
 Longitudinal
Reinforcement

U-Stirrup
X-Direction

B1 or bw

X X

Y
 L = b0
B1

e
B
B1

Pedestal

Add. Pad
 q

e
B
 Page 73 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:39

GEOMETRY
BILL OF QUANTITY AND BAR BENDING SCHEDULE
B =
B1 =
Project Name : XXX L =
Client : XXX H =
Tower Type : XXX T =
Site Name : XXX T1 =
Site ID : XXX T2 =
D =
E =
F =
FOUNDATION DRAWING ϕ =

Pedestal
Slab
Add. Pad

Volume of Concr
Weight of Reinfo
Volume of Excav

Ratio of weight o
Page 74 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:39
 Page 75 - 01/22/2024 - 08:53:39

GEOMETRY REINFORCEMENT TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

1800 mm Pedestal Reinforcement shall be use :
900 mm Longitudinal Reinforcement = 12 D 16 Deformed bar : Fy = 390 MPa
1800 mm Stirrup = D ### - 150 Fu = 560 MPa
1800 mm U-Stirrup = 0 D ### - 0 Plain Bar : Fy = 235 MPa
1900 mm Concrete Cover = 50 mm Fu = 380 MPa
500 mm Footing
1400 mm Top Reinforcement = D ### - 150 Concrete shall be use :
400 mm Bottom Reinforcement = D ### - 150 K − 325 kg/cm2
0 mm Spacer = 36 Ø 12 f'c = 26.46 MPa
0 mm Concrete Cover = 50 mm
30 deg Add. Pad All dimensions are in mm
Reinforcement = Ø ### - 0
Concrete Cover = 50 mm

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

Dia. a b c Unit Length Unit Weight Qty. Total Length Total Weight
Description (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg) (pcs) (mm) (kg)

Longitudinal Reinforcement
b D 16 2166 640 0 2806.0 4.5 12 33672.0 54.0
a
Stirrup b a
b
a a D ### 787 78 0 3304.0 3.5 13 42952.0 45.5

a
U-Stirrup c c
a a
D ### 800 -1247.3 0 352.7 #N/A #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #N/A
b
Top Reinforcement - X Direction
a
D ### 1687 270 0 2227.0 2.4 13 28951.0 31.2
b b

Bottom Reinforcement - X Direction

b b D ### 1687 270 0 2227.0 2.4 13 28951.0 31.2
a
Top Reinforcement - Y Direction
a
D ### 1687 270 0 2227.0 2.4 13 28951.0 31.2
b b

Bottom Reinforcement - Y Direction

b b D ### 1687 270 0 2227.0 2.4 13 28951.0 31.2
a
Spacer c
b
b Ø 12 150 236 300 1072.0 1.0 36 38592.0 36.0
a
a
Reinforcement b

a a Ø ### 0 0 0 0.0 #N/A 0 0.0 #N/A

c c

Volume of Concrete (m3) = 2.8

Weight of Reinforcement (kg) = #N/A
Volume of Excavation (m3) = 15.2

Ratio of weight of reinforcement versus volume of concrete = #N/A