MATHEMATICS

QUARTER 4
Week 8

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr
Master Teacher I
Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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SUBJECT &
GRADE LEVEL MATHEMATICS 9
QUARTER FOURTH WEEK 8 DAY mm/dd/yyyy
TOPIC Solving Problems Involving Oblique Triangles
LEARNING The learner solves problems involving oblique triangles.
COMPETENCY (M9GE-IVh-j-1)

IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on separate
sheets.

UNDERSTAND
Solving Problems Involving Oblique Triangles

ACTIVITY 1

Directions: Identify the following triangles whether its oblique triangle or not.
1. 2. 3. 4.

In your previous lessons you have learned about the Laws of Sines and Cosines.

Law of Sines Law of Cosines

𝑎 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 cos 𝐴
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶
= = 𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑐 cos 𝐵
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶

ACTIVITY 2

Directions: Solve triangle ABC using the illustration

at the right.
b a=4
1. Given: 𝑎 = 4𝑐𝑚, 𝑚∠𝐴 = 340 and mB = 920 92°
34°
Problem: Find 𝑚∠𝐴, 𝑏, and 𝑐. c

SOLUTION:
ILLUSTRATIONS REASONS
𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠ 𝐶 = 180° The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 1800
34° + 92° + ∠𝐶 = 180° Substitute the values of ∠ A and ∠ B
∠𝐶 = 180° – (34° + 92°) Apply Addition Property of Equality
∠𝐶 = 180° − 126° Simplify
𝒎∠𝑪 = 𝟓𝟒° Measure of Angle 𝐶

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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ILLUSTRATIONS REASONS
a b
=
sin A sin B
Apply Law of Sines formula since the measures of
𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 = 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐵
one side and 2 angles are given (SAA).
a sin B
b=
sin A
4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 920
𝑏= Substitute the measures of ∠𝐴 & ∠𝐵.
𝑠𝑖𝑛 34
4(0.99939)
𝑏 = Simplify the equation.
0.55919
𝒃 = 𝟕. 𝟏𝟓 𝒄𝒎 Length of side 𝑏

ILLUSTRATIONS REASONS
a c
=
sin A sin C Apply the Law of Sines formula since the
𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 = 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶 measures of one side and 2 angles are given
𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶 (SAA).
𝑐=
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴
4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 540 Substitute the values of 𝑎, 𝑚∠𝐶 and 𝑚∠𝐴.
𝑐=
𝑠𝑖𝑛 34
4(0.80902)
𝑐 = Use your calculator to find the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛 54° and
0.55919
𝑠𝑖𝑛 34°.
𝒄 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟗 𝒄𝒎 Length of side 𝑐

B
2. Given: 𝑐 = 8 𝑐𝑚, 𝑏 = 10 𝑐𝑚 and
c = 8cm a
mA = 600
Problem: Find 𝑎 and 𝑚∠𝐶
A 60° C
b = 10cm

SOLUTION:
ILLUSTRATIONS REASONS
𝑎 = 𝑏 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐴
2 2 Apply the Law of Cosines
Substitute the values of 𝑏 = 10, 𝑐 = 8,
𝑎2 = 102 + 82 − 2(10)(8) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 60°
𝑚∠𝐴 = 60°
𝑎2 = 100 + 64 − 160 (0.5)
𝑎2 = 164 – 80
Simplify the equation.
𝑎2 = 84
𝑎 = √84
𝒂 = 𝟗. 𝟐 𝒄𝒎 The length of side 𝑎

ILLUSTRATIONS REASONS
𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏2 – 2𝑎𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶
2 2 Apply the Law of Cosines
(8)2 = (9.2)2 + (10)2 – 2(9.2) (10)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶 Substitute the values of a, b and c
64 = 84.64 + 100 – 184 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶 Combine like terms
64 – 84.64 – 100 = −184 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶
−120.64 −184 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶 Divide both sides of the equation by −184
=
−184 −184
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶 = 0.655652174 Simplify the equation.
Use scientific calculator get the value of
𝒎∠ 𝑪 = 𝟒𝟗. 𝟎𝟑°
angle C, press shift Cosine

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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ACTIVITY PLEASE FIND ME!

Directions: A sketch depicting real-life A
situation is shown below. Find the missing
parts indicated in each sketch.

QUESTIONS:
1. What are the measures of the two base
angles?

2. What is the length of the third side?

B 𝑥 C

Solving Problems Involving Oblique Triangle

Background knowledge on Oblique triangles is very useful in solving
real-life situations. In solving for problems involving oblique triangles, you
need the following steps:
Step 1. Read and understand the problem.
Step 2. Sketch the picture of the problem.
Step 3. Identify the given data or cases.
Step 4. Solve and interpret the result.

PROBLEM 1. A diagonal of a parallelogram is 26 cm. Find the perimeter of the

parallelogram if the angles between the sides and the diagonal measure 35° and 40°.

SOLUTION:
Step 1. Read and understand the problem.

Step 2. Sketch the picture of the problem.

Step 3. Identify the given data or cases.

The given data are two angles and one side (ASA); therefore, this problem can be
solved using the Law of Sines.
𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐴 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐵
=
𝑎 𝑏
Step 4. Solve and interpret the result.
To solve for third angle: To find the values of x and y, use the Law of Sines:
Ѳ = 180°– (35° + 40°) 𝑥 26 𝑦 26
= = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 1040
= 180°– 75° 𝑠𝑖𝑛 400 𝑠𝑖𝑛 1050 𝑠𝑖𝑛 350
𝑥(𝑠𝑖𝑛105°) 26(𝑠𝑖𝑛40°) 𝑦(𝑠𝑖𝑛105°) 26(𝑠𝑖𝑛35°)
Ѳ = 105° = = °
𝑠𝑖𝑛105° 𝑠𝑖𝑛105° 𝑠𝑖𝑛105° 𝑠𝑖𝑛105
𝒙 = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟑𝟎 𝒄𝒎 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟒𝟒 𝒄𝒎
To solve for the perimeter (𝑃) of the parallelogram, we have
𝑃 = 2(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑃 = 2(17.30 𝑐𝑚 + 15.44 𝑐𝑚)
𝑃 = 2(32.74𝑐𝑚)
𝑷 = 𝟔𝟓. 𝟒𝟖 𝒄𝒎
The perimeter of the parallelogram is 65.48 cm.

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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PROBLEM 2. Surveying
A surveyor wants to find the distance between points B and C, so he measures
the distance between points A and B, that are on opposite sides of a river, as 22 feet.
And the distance from points A to C is 24 feet. Points A and C are on the same side
of the river. He then measures angle A as 620. Find the distance from point B to point
C.

SOLUTION:
Step 1. Read and understand the problem.

Step 2. Sketch the picture of the problem.

Step 3. Identify the given data or cases.

❖ Two sides
(𝐴𝐵 = 22 feet and 𝐴𝐶 = 24 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡)
❖ One included angle (𝑚∠𝐴 = 62°) (SAS)

Thus, this problem can be solved using the Law of Cosines.

𝒂𝟐 = 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝟐𝒃𝒄 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝑨

Step 4. Solve and interpret the result.

To find the distance from point B to 𝒂𝟐 = 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝟐𝒃𝒄 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝑨

point C or a, we have, 𝒂𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐𝟒𝟐 − 𝟐(𝟐𝟐)(𝟐𝟒) 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟔𝟐°
𝒂𝟐 = 𝟒𝟖𝟒 + 𝟓𝟕𝟔 − 𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟔 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟔𝟐°
⚫ 𝑏 = 22 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡 𝒂𝟐 = 𝟓𝟔𝟒. 𝟐𝟒
⚫ 𝑐 = 24 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡 √𝒂𝟐 = √𝟓𝟔𝟒. 𝟐𝟒
⚫ 𝑚∠𝐴 = 62°
𝒂 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟕𝟓 𝒇𝒆𝒆𝒕

Thus, the distance between points B and

C is 23.75 feet.

SAQ 1: In what case/s can you apply the Law of Sines?

SAQ 2: In what case/s can you apply the Law of Cosines?

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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Let’s Practice! (Write your answer on separate sheets)

ACTIVITY
TERM 1. Show Me Your Solution
A balloon is sighted from two points on ground level. From point A, the angle of
elevation is 18° while from point B the angle of elevation is 12°. Points A and B are 8.5
miles apart. Find the height of the balloon in the following situation:
a) A and B are on opposite sides of the balloon
b) A and B are on the same sides of the balloon.

MY TURN YOUR TURN

SOLUTION: For 𝒃, show your solution here:

To solve for third angle:
Ѳ = 180° – (35° + 40°)
= 180° – 75°
Ѳ = 105°
Ѳ = 180° – (18° + 12°)
= 180° – 30°
Ѳ = 150°

To solve for 𝑎:
𝑠𝑖𝑛18° 𝑠𝑖𝑛150°
=
𝑎 8.5
8.5(𝑠𝑖𝑛18°)
𝑎 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛150°
𝒂 = 𝟓. 𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒆𝒔
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆
To solve for ℎ, use 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 =
𝒉𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆
ℎ
𝑠𝑖𝑛12° =
5.25
ℎ = 5.25(𝑠𝑖𝑛12°)
𝒉 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟗 𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒆𝒔

REMEMBER
Key Points
⚫ An Oblique triangle is a triangle which does not contain any right angle.

⚫ The Law of Sine states that “In any triangle ABC, with a, b, and c as its sides, and
A, B and C as its angles.”
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶
= =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

⚫ The Law of Cosine can be used to find the missing measures in a triangle if you
know the measures of:
1. Two sides and their included angle (SAS) and
2. Three sides (SSS)

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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𝑎2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 cos 𝐴
𝑏2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑐 cos 𝐵
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶

⚫ Steps in solving problem involving Oblique triangle:

Step 1. Read and understand the problem.
Step 2. Sketch the picture of the problem.
Step 3. Identify the given data or cases.
Step 4. Solve and interpret the result.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!

General Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers
on separate sheets.

Assessment 1. Solve Me!

Directions: Do the tasks below for each of the given situational problems.
1. Sketch the required triangle to solve the problem.
2. Use the appropriate law (Sine Law or Cosine Law) to solve it.

WORD PROBLEM:
Macario has three sticks measuring 19 cm, 23 cm, and 27 cm. He lays them down to
form a triangle. Find the measure of the angle formed by the 19-cm and 23-cm sides
to the nearest degree.

Assessment 2. Find and Enclose me!

Directions: Use the appropriate law (Sine Law or Cosine Law) to solve the given
problem.

WORD PROBLEM:

A triangular parcel of land with points A, B, C was to be

fenced. No data for the lengths of sides AB and BC are
available as shown in the figure below. How many meters
of fencing materials are needed to cover the lot?

Assessment 3. Multiple Choice

Directions: Read each problem carefully then write only the letter that corresponds to
your answer.

For numbers 1 to 3, refer to the problem below.

The sides of a triangle ABC have lengths of 5.9 m, 2.8 m and 5.9 m. Find the
measure of the 3 angles.
1. What is the approximate measure of the smallest angle?
a. 270 b. 460 c. 650 d. 170

2. What is the approximate measure of the largest angle?

a. 670 b. 550 c. 760 d. 1050

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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3. What is the approximate measure of the third angle?

a. 1200 b. 900 c. 360 d. 760

For numbers 4 to 6, refer to the problem below.

A sign at a mountain overlook indicates that a hiker is 5.9.km from a microwave
tower M and 7.8 km from the highest visible peak P. The hiker estimates the
angle between M and P from her position to be 400.
4. How far is the microwave tower M to the highest visible peak P?
a. 5.01 km b. 10.2 km
c. 15.03 km d. 3.5 km

5. What is 𝑚∠𝐻𝑀𝑃 to the nearest degree?

a. 91 b.110
c. 69 d. 88

6. How about the measure of m  MPH ?

a. 36 b. 139
c. 49 d. 19

For numbers 7 to 10, refer to the problem below.

A ship is sighted from two lighthouses that are 30 km apart on a shore. The
angle at the first lighthouse between the shore and the ship is 350. The angle
at the second lighthouse is 460.
7. How far is the ship from the second lighthouse?
a. 17.42 km b. 27.23 km c. 35 km d. 25 km

8. How far is the ship from the first lighthouse?

a. 41.14 km b. 21.85 km c. 12.78 km d. 50 km

9. How large is the angle formed from the ship towards the two lighthouses?
a. 450 b. 1200 c. 990 d. 1000

10. What is the perimeter of the triangle?

a. 56 km b. 99 km c. 79.77 km d. 69.27 km

Bryant, M. L., Bulalayao, L. E., Callanta, M. M., Cruz, J. D., De Vera,

R. F., Garcia, G. T., … Saladino, R. H. A. (2014). Mathematics
Learner's Mate rial 9. (D. M. B. Versoza, Ed.) (1st ed.). Pasig:
Department of Education.

REFERENCE/S Orines, F. B., Esparrago, M. S., & Reyes, N. V. (2008). Advanced

Algerbra, Trigonometry, and Statistics (2nd ed.). Quezon: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc.

Deriving the Law of Cosines. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZj6LmBKhmQ
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Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

GENARO V. CALUYO, JR.
WRITER
Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
Erwin G. Deloria
ILLUSTRATORS
Ma. Mengielyn G. Cuartocruz
LAYOUT ARTIST Abdurauf J. Baldomero
Mujim U. Abdurahim Ma. Dolores J. Gregorio
LEARNING TEAM /
Ma. Pilar C. Ahadi Shirly V. Gajilomo
EVALUATORS
Mary Rose A. Castillo Sandra D. Ortega
MANAGEMENT AND Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Norma T. Francisco, CESE
SPECIALIST Dr. Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“No hay cosa imposible. Cree, junto junto puede!”

Genaro V. Caluyo, Jr., Master Teacher I, Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School