MODELS OF

COMMUNICATION
 ARISTOTLE’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

SPEAKER SPEECH AUDIENCE

The speaker variable is very important.

Without the speaker , there will be no more
speech to be produced. Depending on the profile of
the audience, the speaker adjusts his/her speech.
The audience demographics: age, sex, background,
culture, race, religion, gender, social and economic
status and political orientation, etc.
LASWELL’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

WHO
communicator

WITH WHAT SAYS WHAT

EFFECT
message
effect

IN WHICH
TO WHOM CHANNEL
receiver medium
 LASWELL’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

The whole process of communication begins

with the communicator (who) sending out a
message (what) using a medium ( in which channel
) for a receiver ( to whom) experiencing an effect
(with what effect) afterwards. The process may be
analyzed through the content sent, the medium
used, as well as the effect on the recipient of the
message.
 BERLO’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

encodes decodes

source message channel receiver

Communication Content Hearing Communication

Skills Elements Seeing Skills
Attitudes Treatment Touching Attitudes
Knowledge Structure Smelling Knowledge
Social System Code Tasting Social System
Culture Culture
 BERLO’S COMMUNICATION MODEL

David Berlo’s model conceptualized in 1960

is probably the most well-known among the
communication models. It stands for sender of the
message, sent through a channel or medium to a
receiver. However ,it was modified later on to
include noise, hence the acronym SMCRN.
 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

1. Know your purpose in communication

2. Know your audience
3. Know your topic
4. Adjust your speech or writing to the extent of the
situation
5. Work on feedback given to you.
 PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL COMMUNICATION

1. Know your purpose in communication

2. Know your audience
3. Know your topic
4. Adjust your speech or writing to the extent of the
situation
5. Work on feedback given to you.
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

1. Be clear.
2. Be concise.
3. Be concrete.
4. Be correct.
5. Be coherent.
6. Be complete.
7. Be courteous.
 ETHICS OF COMMUNICATION

 Communication ethics emphasizes that morals influence the

behavior of an individual, group or organization thereby affecting
their communication

 It is important to note that one’s behavior should be regulated

by honesty, decency, truthfulness, sincerity, and moral
uprightness
 Be guided by the following to achieve ethical communication:

1. Establish an effective value system that will pave the way for the
development of your integrity as a person:
One’s behavior and decision-making style affect, in
turn, the operations of an organization.

2. Provide complete and accurate information.

The data you provide should always be contextualized and correct

3. Disclose vital information adequately and appropriately

-never conceal or hide information that are necessary for
purposes of transparency
OBSERVING A CODE of ETHICS is essential as it
determines the kind of behavior that is proper and
desirable over one that is displeasing and offensive

A code of ethics sets the standards to be observed by a

person or a company that will create a good
reputation or a positive image not only for an
individual but also for the organization.