Formula Sheet

𝜀 = 𝜀𝑒 + 𝜀𝑝
𝑃𝐿
δ=
𝐴𝐸
V2 = V1 + ΔV1-2
M2 = M1 + ΔM1-2

where: ΔV1-2 values are calculated from the load diagram and ΔM1-2 values are
calculated from the SF diagram

𝑃
𝜎=𝐴 ; 𝜏 = 𝑉/𝐴

 fail  fail
 allow =  allow =
FS FS
Maximum shear stress in a shaft:
Polar moment of inertia for a solid circular shaft:

Polar moment of inertia for hollow circular shaft:

Power transmitted through a shaft: P=2πfT

TL
The angle of twist in a circular shaft: =
JG

𝑇𝐴 𝑇𝐵
=
𝑟𝐴 𝑟𝐵
The normal stress in a beam subjected to • 𝑦̅ = ∑ 𝐴.𝑦̃
∑𝐴
bending moment:
=
M. y • Moment of inertia for a rectangular
I section:
b.h3
I=
12
b = dimension parallel to NA
h = dimension perpendicular to NA

• Moment of inertia for a triangle section:

𝑏. ℎ3
𝐼=
36
b = dimension parallel to NA
h = dimension perpendicular to NA

• Moment of inertia for a circular section:

𝜋. 𝑐 4
𝐼=
4
The shear stress in a beam subjected to shear • For a thin-walled cylindrical vessel
force: p.r p.r
1 = and  2 =
V .Q t 2t
=
I .t • For a thin-walled spherical vessel
p.r
2 =
𝑄 = 𝐴𝑦̅ 2t