Experiment No:15

Series Compensation of Reactive Power in MATLAB Simulink

Name:_________________________________________________Roll No:________________________

Score:__________________________Signature of Lab Tutor________________Date:_______________

Series compensation of reactive power when transmission line is lightly loaded, normally
loaded and heavily loaded with the help of reactor

Performance Objective
Upon successful completion of this experiment, the students will be able to know
 Measure of the voltage rise in transmission line when lightly loaded, normally loaded and heavily
loaded
 Series compensation of reactive power when transmission line is lightly loaded, normally loaded,
heavily loaded

Components:
 3-φ supply
 Transmission line model
 Series compensator model
 3-φ load
 V-I Measurement model

Discussion
The voltage at receiving end does not remain same as at sending end. This is because of reactive power
consumption or production. When transmission line is lightly loaded then the receiving end voltage rises
because of capacitive action between transmission line conductors. The air acts as a dielectric and
transmission conductors behave as the parallel plates. This action gives rise to production of reactive power
due to which the receiving end voltages are raised. When transmission line is heavily loaded then the reactive
power generated by the capacitive action is balanced by the reactive power consumed by the load since most
of our load is inductive by nature , therefore, receiving end voltages are reduced as compared to sending end
voltages. To raise such drop, the series capacitive compensator is used which produces reactive power to
overcome the unbalanced reactive power trouble. However, when transmission line is normally loaded, then
still knowing the nature of the load, the receiving end voltages are lesser as compared with sending end
voltages. Again, a series compensator is used to raise the voltage up to desired values.
All this discussion is analyzed in MATLAB Simulink. A three-phase power source is used in series with RLC
series branch to represent the transmission line and then connected to three-phase load.
Procedure
1. Connect three phase supply to series RLC branch
2. From output terminals of transmission line(series RLC branch) take leads to connect with three-phase
load
3. Connect V-I measurement on sending side and receiving side to see voltages
4. Connect the series compensator when receiving voltage is undesirable

Simulink Block Model

Observation Tables

When transmission line is lightly loaded

Sr.NO Receiving end voltage without Receiving end voltage with

: compensator compensator

2
3
4

When transmission line is normally loaded

Sr.NO Receiving end voltage without Receiving end voltage with

: compensator compensator

2
3
4

When transmission line is heavily loaded

Sr.NO Receiving end voltage without Receiving end voltage with

: compensator compensator

2
3
4

Review Questions
1. Why heavily loaded transmission line offers lower receiving end voltages?

2. Comparing series and shunt compensation, which technique uses lesser size of reactors?

3. At which place should we connect series compensator?