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Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 5:
Polygons
Mathematics - Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 5: Polygons
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Need to Know

This module is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the lesson about illustrating polygons specifically the convexity, angles, and
sides and deriving inductively the sum of the measures of exterior and interior angle of
a convex polygon. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many ways. The
language recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. illustrate polygons: (a) convexity; (b) angles; (c) sides; and
2. derive inductively the relationship of the exterior and interior angle of a
convex polygon.

What I Know

Direction. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a polygon?

A. C.

B. D.

2. What do you call a 20-sided polygon?

A. icosagon C. decagon
B. decadecagon D. ventegon
3. Which is the most appropriate classification of the polygon
in figure A.
A. a regular convex pentagon
B. an equilateral convex pentagon
C. a regular concave pentagon
Figure A
D. an equiangular concave pentagon
4. Which of the following best illustrates a concave polygon?
A. star C. triangle
B. diamond D. regular heptagon
5. In ΔABC, 𝐴𝐵, 𝐴𝐶, and 𝐵𝐶 are called ______________.
A. sides C. vertices
B. interior angles D. exterior angles

6. Which of the following sets could be the angles of a triangle?

A. 34°, 47°, 92° C. 66°, 77°, 88°
B. 56°, 29°, 105° D. 12°, 133°, 35°
7. What is the measure of each of the interior angles of an old
two-peso Philippine coin?
A. 108° C. 135°
B. 120° D. 144°
8. The bagua represents the fundamental principles of reality in Chinese
culture. It is an eight-sided polygon. What is the sum of the measures of its
interior angles?
A. 1 620° C. 1 080°
B. 1 440° D. 1 260°

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 9. In question number 8, what is the sum of the measures of exterior angle?
A. 90° C. 360°
B. 180° D. 365°
10. In quadrilateral LOVE, 𝑚∠𝐿 = 3𝑥, 𝑚∠𝑂 = 2𝑥 + 1, 𝑚∠𝑉 = 𝑥 + 2, 𝑚∠𝐸 = 4𝑥 − 13.
What is the measure of ∠𝑉?
A. 37° C. 39°
B. 38° D. 40°

Lesson

1 Polygons
Historical architectural structures around the world are mostly polygonal in
shape. The Pyramids of Giza have triangular faces. The Philippine flag is rectangular in
shape. The headquarters of the US Department of Defense is a five–sided building or
pentagonal shape. The ceiling of the site of Magellan’s cross in Cebu is eight–sided or
octagonal in shape.

The Pyramids of Giza from left to The Pentagon is the Virginia
right: Menkaure, Khafre & headquarters of the U.S.
Khufu. Khufu is the largest Department of Defense, located
structure on the site, and it is in a massive five-sided concrete
built as tomb for the Pharaoh and steel building that’s a potent
symbol of America’s military
Khufu.
strength.
The importance of polygons would probably relate to the variety of polygonal
shape often used in the building of modern structures and many more.
Magellan's Cross is a Christian
cross planted by Portuguese
and Spanish explorers as
ordered by Ferdinand
Magellan upon arriving in Cebu
in the Philippines in April 1521.

What’s In

Activity 1. What Makes a Polygon?

Directions: List down the characteristics of a Polygon by comparing and contrasting the
geometrical shapes given below.

Characteristics of a Polygons
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________

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 5.

What’s New

A POLYGON is a closed figure that consists of 3 to 4

coplanar segments. The segments intersect only at
endpoints. The vertex belongs to exactly two segments and
no two segments with a common endpoint are collinear.

The line segments are the sides of the polygons and the point of
intersection of two segments is called the vertex of the polygon. There must be
no more than two sides that can meet at any one vertex.

Figure 1 G Parts of the polygons in figure 1:

E
• Vertices : •G, •E, •L, •O
• Sides : തതതതത
𝐺𝐸, 𝐸𝐿 തതതത, 𝑂𝐺
തതതത, 𝐿𝑂 തതതത
O L • Angles : ∠𝐺, ∠𝐸, ∠𝐿, ∠𝑂

In naming a polygon, you use the vertices. The vertices must be listed in
consecutive order clockwise. The polygon shown in Fig. 1 can be named as quadrilateral
GELO or GELO, other names are ELOG, LOGE, or OGEL.
In the figure, vertex G and Vertex L are nonconsecutive vertices. The line segment
𝐺𝐿 that connects the two nonconsecutive vertices is called a diagonal of the polygon.
Can you name the other diagonal of GELO?
KINDS OF POLYGONS

BUT, for polygons with 13 or

more sides, it is OK (and easier)
to write "13-gon", "14-gon" ...
"100-gon", etc.

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CONCAVE AND CONVEX

Polygons can also be classified as convex and concave. The

polygons shown in Figure 2 is an example of convex polygon because no
diagonal can be drawn outside the polygon. In the polygon shown in
Figure 3, there is a diagonal that can be drawn outside the polygon
therefore, it is a concave polygon.

REGULAR POLYGON
Another way to classify the polygons is according to the measure of sides and
angles. A polygon is said to be equilateral if all sides have same length. It is
equiangular if all angles have equal measure. A polygon that is both equiangular and
equilateral is called a regular polygon.

What is It
Activity 2. Investigating the Sum of the Measures of Interior Angle of a Polygon
Directions: In the first column of this table, all diagonals from one vertex of each
polygon are drawn. Study the table and complete each missing terms of the table by
observing the patterns. (Recall that the angles in the interior of the polygons are called
interior angles. It is formed by two non-consecutive sides of the polygon.)

Guided Question:

What patterns do you notice in

the table?
3 1 180° _____________________________
_____________________________
Is there a relationship between
4 2 360° the number of sides of a
polygon and the number of
triangles inside the polygon?
5 3 540° Explain.
______________________________
______________________________
6 Is there a relationship between
the number of sides of a
polygon and the sum of the
7 interior angles? Explain.
_____________________________
_____________________________
If so, write an algebraic formula
8 to describe this relationship.
The sum of the measures of the
interior angle with n – sides is
n - gon n sides
equal to
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 The activity shows the pattern that the number of triangles formed by the diagonals from one
vertex is given by the number of sides (n) minus two. The sum of the measures of the interior
angles of a triangle is equal to 180°; therefore, the formula for the sum of the interior angles
of any convex polygon is 180°(n – 2).

To find the measure of one interior angle of any convex regular polygon you may
use the formula of: where “n” is the number of sides of a given
polygon.

Activity 3. Exterior Angle of a Triangle

Recall that an exterior angle of a polygon is formed by extending one side of a polygon
at each vertex. To derive the exterior angles of a polygon let us analyze the given
activities.
Guided Question:
▪ What is the relationship of ∠A and ∠1, ∠B
and ∠2, and ∠C and ∠3?
▪ ∠1, m∠2, and ∠3 are exterior angles of
∆ABC. Solve algebraically the sum of the
measures of m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠3.

Solutions:
Figure 4 Given the Figure 4 at the left, the relationship of
the angle pairs ∠A and ∠1, ∠B and ∠2, and ∠C and
∠3 is supplementary angle, the illustration can be
Conjecture: solved as:

The sum of the measures of the

exterior angles; of a triangle is
360°

Activity 4. Exterior Angle of a Rectangle

Guided Question:
▪ Find the sum of the m∠1, m∠2, m∠3, and
m∠4 using the figure 5.

Solutions:
Since quadrilateral rectangle has 4 right angles and
Figure 5 all exterior angles are right angles, we can have this
equation: : 𝒎∠𝟏 + 𝒎∠𝟐 + 𝒎∠𝟑 + 𝒎∠𝟒 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎°

Conjecture:

The sum of the measures of the exterior angles; of a quadrilateral is 360°

Activity 5. Shrinking Polygon

Figure 6
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 Guided Question:
▪ What happen to the exterior angles of a shrinking polygon in its last stage
based on the figure 6?
▪ Can you determine the sum of the measures of its exterior angle?

Since the sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a triangle, quadrilateral,
and the shrinking polygon is 360, one angle at each vertex, we can conclude that:
“The sum of the measures of exterior angle of any convex polygon, one angle
at each vertex is always equal to 360°.” To find the measure of one exterior
angle of any convex polygon, all you have to do is to divide 360° by the number of
its sides (n)

What’s More

Activity 5. A. Directions: Determine whether each figure is polygon or not. Write P for
polygon and NP for not polygon.

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

B. Directions: Name each polygon according to the number of sides. Then, classify it as
convex or concave. Write CX for convex and CV for concave.

2 3
1 4 8 9
5 6 7 10

1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ___________

C. Directions: If possible, draw a polygon that fits each description.

A Regular Quadrilateral A Non-Convex Pentagon An Equilateral Octagon

D. Directions: Solve the following problems.

1. Calculate the measure
of the lettered angle.
2. Find the measure of one 3. If the sum of the
interior angle of a regular measures of two exterior
octagon. angles of a triangle is 230,
find the measures of the
third exterior angle and its
adjacent interior angle.

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 What I Have Learned

A Regular polygon is a The sides of the polygon

polygon that is both are the line segments that
equilateral and intersect at a point called
equiangular. vertex.

P
A concave polygon a closed figure on plane
has one interior angle bounded by 3 or more non
greater than 180° colinear consecutive line
segments.
A convex polygon has no
interior angle greater than
180° (it has no inward-
pointing sides).

The sum of the measures The sum of the measures

of the interior angles of a of the interior angles of a
convex polygon with n convex polygon, one angle
sides is (n-2)180°. at each vertex, is 360°.

What I Can Do

Activity 6. Tessellation Art

Directions: Create an artwork using the different kinds of polygons. Explain your
artwork. Use the QR Code to view the rubric or type the given link below.

Materials: A Tessellation (Tiling) is

▪ ¼ Illustration board when we cover a surface
▪ Colored pens with a pattern of flat
▪ Ruler shapes so that there are
no overlaps or gaps.

https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/search?q=Tessellation

Examples of Tessellation:

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 Assessment

A. Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. For a polygon to be convex, all of its diagonals must lie in its ____________.
A. exterior part C. sides
B. interior part D. vertex
2. At least how many non-collinear segments form a polygon?
A. 2 C. 4
B. 3 D. 5

3. It is the most rigid polygon and often used in engineering and architecture.
A. square C. triangle
B. rectangle D. circle
4. What is a diagonal?
A. a polygon with four sides
B. a segment that connects any two non-consecutive vertices in a polygon
C. a segment that cuts through a polygon at 45 degrees
D. a 90-degree angle
5. Below are the characteristics of a polygon EXCEPT ______________.
A. It is a closed figure that consists of 3 to 4 coplanar segments
B. It is a four-sided figure only
C. It is with segment that intersect only at endpoints
D. Its vertex belongs to exactly two segments and no two segment with a
common endpoint are collinear X
6. Solve for the unknown angle in figure 7.
A. 360° C. 90° 120
B. 180 ° D. 60° X Figure 7

7. What is the measure of one interior angle of a regular dodecagon?

A. 1800° C. 150°
B. 180° D. 120°
8. What is the measure of one of the exterior angles of a regular octagon?
A. 360° C. 90°
B. 180° D. 45°
9. The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a regular polygon is 2880°.
How many sides does a polygon have?
A. n = 20 C. n = 16
B. n = 18 D. n = 12

10. In a triangle, the ratio of the three interior angles is 4 : 6 : 8. Find the
measure of each angle.
A. 72°, 108°, 144° C. 90°, 60°, 60°
B. 40°, 60°, 80° D. 80°, 50°, 50°

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 Answer Key

Reference:
• https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/polygons.html
• http://mslozadamath.weebly.com/uploads/2/1/4/7/21474900/geo_unit_8_performance_task.pdf
• Grade 7, Math Patterns & Practicality, Gladys C. Nivera, Ph. D.
• Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner 7,Marilou Geruela et al.
• Prentice Hall Geometry

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