Photoelectric Effect

when light of suitable frequency strikes the surface of

a metal it emits electrons This phenomenon is called

photoelectric effect electrons ejected are called photoelectrons

The minimum frequency required to eject the electrons is called

threshold frequency Vo
Photoelectric effect is exhibited alkalimetals like K Rb Cs
by

Either t anodecongstate

lift Ammeter E
Battery

Electrons ejected will be attracted by anode plate

If battery is not used in above circuit then electrons may or

may not reach anode Due to e é repulsions As we 4 Voltage

chance of E reaching anode increases

Ephoton hd Eo h2o Eo Threshold Energy

a If D Do Con X Xo on Ec Eo No photoelectron

bi Il D No con X Xe on E Ee é ejected with KE o

d If 2 Vo X exo on E Ee é ejected with KE

Energy q V V Voltage q charge in coulomb

i t current flow in circuit in t see
q q
i current in amp
 I Coulomb I amp x I see

n
i
f
Photo electric current e
t
to see on amp

N No of é flowing in circuit
e l 6 to do
t time in Sec
i E q V T E V E in J
Emptsectolt

Ephoton Energy refiled to remote é from metal KE

photoelectron
work fondin 6

E Eo KE

KE me E E o

KE hu huo KE
ng ng
Imu h 2 20 ke he
I I

m mess of photoelectron
V Velocity of photoelectron
 KE hu h2o

y mu c slope h
KET

3h0

0 is different for different metals

elats

0ofs.ge
Metal Na k ing cu pt
0 in eV 2 2.3 2.2 3.7 4 8 63

IfifhtI

Energy incident per unit area per unit time

I A Area t time
EAT Pogey
Power
E
I watt I watt 151sec
Ie i

I Nhu E nhu
At

Metal has surface area so if we talk about ne of photons

incident per unit area per unit time it is intensity of light

If intensity is used in question then its nature i e

u is fixed i.e if intensity is increased means its

Value of n t ie photon's incident per sect so he of

 photoelectrons increase
I T M T 2 Constant

No of photoelectron emitted No of photon incident

i
current
g Mf n No of é
é charge of é
t time
AS I T photocurrent T

Photo Ii Is
i Ie
current

Is
Intensity does not change KE as 2 is fixed

KE of KE h V DD
Photo é KE is independent of I

ie cont
It v
 fnIttreetteed
ftp Ii p to reduce the ke of
photoelectron to zero is called S P

i e
stopping Energy KE

g V KE

Stopping potential V KE of Photoelectron

i
Kg
charge of é

V hu huo
e

v Ve
IeMaD
y C

D T E T
slope I KE of Photo é t
5 P
v i SP T

IN Is