Senior High School

Earth and Life Science

Quarter 1 - Module 1
Structure of the Earth

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Earth and Life Science - Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Bohol

Schools Division Superintendent: Bianito A. Dagatan, EdD, CESO V
Education Program Supervisor: Felix C. Galacio, Jr., PhD

Development Team of the Module

Author(s) : Modules 1-3 Ruth M. Lauron

Modules 4-6 Estrella O. Ngujo
Modules 7-8 Alma B. Gujilde
Reviewer(s) : Stella G. Baja PhD
Miriam A. Actub
Management Team
Chairperson : Bianito A. Dagatan EdD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Co-Chairpersons : Faustino N. Toradio PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
: Danilo G. Gudelosao PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Members : Carmela M. Restificar PhD, Chief-CID
Josephine D. Eronico PhD, EPS-LRMDS
Felix C. Galacio, Jr. PhD, EPS-Mathematics/Science
Jocelyn Rotersos, Division Librarian

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E-mail Address: deped.bohol@deped.gov.ph

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 What I Need to Know

This module is designed to deepen your knowledge about Structure of the Earth.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:
 Lesson 1 – Earth: The Living Planet
 Lesson 2 – Earth: The Four Subsystems
 Lesson 3 – Rock-Forming Minerals

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with
properties necessary to support life (S11/12ES-Ia-e- 3);
2. explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and
energy flow (S11/12ES-Ia-e- 4); and
3. identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
(S11/12ES-Ia-9).

Lesson
Earth: The Living Planet
1

Earth is so terrific that it is the only planet known in the Solar System that can support
life but the question is, “What makes Earth unique among other planets?” and “What are the
factors to consider a habitable planet?” Let us learn more as we go through this module.

What’s In

Since elementary, the study of Earth is part of our Science subjects. To recall some
Earth facts, let’s try this Cryptogram to unlock the following terms being described.

Activity 1. Cryptogram (a type of puzzle that consists of a short piece of encrypted text.)
Directions: Each letter is replaced by a number as represented in the box below. Solve the
following encrypted texts to reveal the term behind it. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
1. It is the only natural satellite of Earth.
13 15 15 14

2. It is known as the twin planet of Earth because of its similarity in size, mass, and surface
material composition.
22 5 14 21 19

3. This gas abundant in Earth allows humans and animals to breath.

15 24 25 7 5 14

4. The shape of Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

5 12 12 9 16 20 9 3 1 12

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5. Earth is the densest and largest _____ planet in the Solar System.
20 5 18 18 5 19 20 18 9 1 12

What’s New
Activity 2. Pictionary
Directions: Guess the word/s that are depicted in the pictures below.

1.

2.

3.

Activity 3. Compare and Contrast

Our solar system is composed of the sun and the eight planets revolving around it. These
planets are then classified as terrestrial and Jovian/gas planets.

Directions: Compare and contrast the physical and chemical properties of the Earth and its
neighboring terrestrial planets using the provided factsheet as your guide.

Table 1. Venus, Earth, Mars Comparison

(Adapted from: https://go.nasa.gov/3hml2oF)
PROPERTIES VENUS EARTH MARS
Mass (1,024 kg) 4.87 5.97 0.642
Diameter (km) 12,104 12,756 6,792
Density (kg/m3) 5,243 5,514 3,933

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Gravity (m/s2) 8.9 9.8 3.7
Escape Velocity (km/s) 10.4 11.2 5
Surface Pressure (bars) 92 1 0.01
Composition of Atmosphere 96% CO2 , 77% N, 21% O2, 95 % CO2, 2.7% N,
3.5% N 1% Ar 1.6% Ar
Major Greenhouse Gases CO2 CO2 H2O CO2
(GHG)
Mean Temperature (°C) 464 15 -65
Temperature if no GHG -46 -18 -57
Change in Temperature (°C) + 523 + 33 + 10
due to GHG
Distance from Sun (106 km) 108.2 149.6 227.9
Orbital Period (days) 224.7 365.2 687
Orbital Velocity (km/s) 35 29.8 24.1
Length of Day (hours) 2,802 24 24.7
Global Magnetic Field No Yes No

Figure 1. Venus, Earth, Mars (Adapted from https://bit.ly/2WJOeOC)

1. Based on the picture and information given above, give at least two (2) similarities and
differences among the terrestrial planets.
2. Of the three terrestrial planets (Venus, Earth, and Mars), which is the hottest?
3. Which factors/characteristics influence the planet’s temperature?

What is It
Earth is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life and is the only one known
for sure to have liquid water in the surface. These are reasons why planet earth is a unique one:
(1) It has liquid water; (2) Plate Tectonics; and (3) It has atmosphere that shelters it from the
worst of the sun’s rays.

Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has a large amount of liquid water. About 70%
of the surface of the Earth is covered by liquid or frozen water. Because of this, Earth is
sometimes called “blue planet.” Planet Earth is habitable because it has the right distance from
the sun. It is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients
for life including water and carbon. It can provide water, oxygen, useful biological products for
human, and has suitable weather and climate.

Earth, Venus, and Mars may have similarities: (1) They all are terrestrial planets, made of solid
rocks and silicates; (2) They all have an atmosphere; (3) They all almost have the same time to
rotate on their axes; (4) Earth and Mars both have water; (5) They all have carbon dioxide; and
(6 All have landforms. Earth, Venus, and Mars have differences: (1) Venus has no water; (2)
Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3) Earth has life forms.

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 What’s More
Activity 4. Earth: A Habitable Planet
Directions: Read the document carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Table 2. Factors That Make a Planet Habitable

(Adapted from https://bit.ly/3hn0AUM)
Factors that Not Enough of the Just Right Too Much of the Situation in
make a Factor Factor the Solar
Planet System
Habitable

Temperature Low temperatures Life seems to At about 125oC, Surface: only

influences cause chemicals to be limited to a protein and the Earth’s
how quickly react slowly, which temperature carbohydrate surface is in this
atoms and interferes with the range of -15oC molecules, and the temperature
molecules reactions necessary to 115oC. In genetic material range. Sub-
move. for life. It can also this range, (e.g., DNA and surface: the
cause the freezing liquid water can RNA) start to break interior of the
of water, making still exist underapart. Also, high solid planets
liquid water certain temperatures cause and moons may
unavailable. conditions. the quick be in this
evaporation of temperature
water. range.
Atmosphere Small planets and Earth and Venus’s Of the solid
Traps heat, moons have Venus are the atmosphere is planets and
shields the insufficient gravity right size to 100 times thicker moons, only
surface from to hold an hold a sufficient than Earth’s. It is Earth, Venus,
harmful atmosphere. The atmosphere. made almost and Titan have
radiation, gas molecules Earth’s entirely of significant
and provides escape to space, atmosphere is greenhouse gasses, atmospheres.
chemicals leaving the planet or about 100 making the surface Mars’
needed for moon without an miles thick. It too hot for life. The atmosphere is
life, such as insulating blanket or keeps the four giant planets about 1/100th
nitrogen and a protective shield. surface warm are completely that of Earth’s,
carbon and protects it made of gas. too small for
dioxide. from radiation significant
and small- to insulation or
medium sized shielding.
meteorites.
Energy When there is too With a steady Light energy is a Surface: The
Organisms little sunlight or too input of either problem if it makes inner planets
use light or few of the light or a planet too hot or if get too much
chemical chemicals that chemical there are too many sunlight for life.
energy to run provide energy to energy, cells harmful rays, such The outer
their life cells, such as iron can run the as ultraviolet. Too planets get too
processes or sulfur, organisms chemical many energy-rich little.
die. reactions chemicals is not a Sub-surface:
necessary for problem Most solid
life. planets and
moons have
energy-rich
chemicals.

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 Nutrients Without chemicals All solid planets Too many nutrients Surface: Earth
used to build to make proteins and moons are not a problem. has a water
and maintain and carbohydrates, have the same However, too active cycle, an
an organisms cannot general a circulation system, atmosphere,
organism’s grow. Planets chemical such as the and volcanoes
body. without systems to makeup, so constant volcanism to circulate
deliver nutrients to nutrients are on Jupiter’s moon, nutrients.
its organisms (e.g., present. Those Io, or the churning Venus, Titan,
a water cycle or with a water atmospheres of the Io, and Mars
volcanic activity) cycle or gas planets, have nutrients
cannot support life. volcanic activity interferes with an and ways to
Also, when nutrients can transport organism’s ability to circulate them
are spread so thin and replenish get enough to organisms.
that they are hard to the chemicals nutrients. Sub-surface:
obtain, such as on a required by Any planet or
gas planet, life living moon with sub-
cannot exist. organisms. surface water or
molten rock can
circulate and
replenish
nutrients for
organisms

Write TRUE if the statement is correct. If not, change the underlined word/s to make the
statement correct. Write your answer in a separate sheet.
1. Earth and Mars are the right size to hold a sufficient atmosphere.
2. At about 125oC, protein and carbohydrate molecules, and the genetic material (e.g., DNA and
RNA) start to break apart. Also, high temperatures cause the quick evaporation of water.
3. Nutrients used to build and maintain an organism’s body.
4. All gas planets and moons have the same general chemical makeup, so nutrients are
present.
5. Light energy is a problem if it makes a planet too hot or if there are too many harmful rays,
such as ultraviolet.

What I Have Learned

Earth, Venus, and Mars may have similarities: (1) They all are terrestrial planets, made of solid
rocks and silicates; (2) They all have an atmosphere; (3) They all almost have the same time to
rotate on their axes; (4) Earth and Mars both have water; (5) They all have carbon dioxide; and
(6 All have landforms. Earth, Venus, and Mars have differences: (1) Venus has no water; (2)
Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3) Earth has life forms.

Though Earth is the only known planet in the Solar System that is habitable, scientists are now
looking at possible habitable exoplanets (planets outside the Solar System). A potentially
habitable planet implies a terrestrial planet within the circumstellar habitable zone and with
conditions roughly comparable to those of Earth and thus potentially favorable to Earth-like life.

Factors that Makes the Planet Habitable

The right amount of the following factors makes the planet Habitable like Earth.
1. Temperature - Influences how quickly atoms & molecules move
2. Water - Dissolves & transports chemicals within and to and from a cell
3. Atmosphere - Traps heat, shields the surface from harmful radiation, and provides
chemicals needed for life, such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
4. Energy - Organisms use light or chemical energy to run their life processes.

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 5. Nutrients - Used to build and maintain an organism’s body.
6. Magnetic Field - a planet requires a rapidly rotating magnetic field to protect it from flares
from nearby stars and from harmful radiation

Lesson
Earth: The Four Subsystems
2

“We are all connected. To each other, biologically.

To the earth, chemically. To the rest of the universe atomically.”
The quote above is said by Neil DeGrasse Tyson, an American astrophysicist. Do you agree
with him? Why do you think he said that we are all connected? Let us find out as we go through
this module.
What’s In

Our last lesson focused on the uniqueness of Earth being the only known planet in the Solar
System that can support life. Let’s take quick review of the lesson.

Activity 5. Directions: Put a check mark () on the properties that makes Earth a habitable
planet and a cross mark () if not.

Properties () or ()

1. Presence of liquid water
2. Presence of ozone layer in atmosphere
3. Atmosphere made up of methane gas
4. Presence of magnetic field
5. Average temperature of 125°C

What’s New

Activity 6. Word Search

Directions: Find the words listed below. Words may appear straight across, back-word straight
across, up and down. You may encircle the term/s or simply cross it out.

geosphere hydrosphere organism ocean

atmosphere biosphere ecosystem crust

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 What is It
A system is defined as a set of interconnected components that are interacting to form a unified
whole. The Earth system is essentially a closed system. It receives energy from the sun and
returns some of this energy to space. The Earth has four subsystems: the atmosphere,
lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Matter and energy move and cycle between the four
different subsystems to make life on Earth possible.

Figure 2. Earth as a system

(Adapted from https://bit.ly/30ALe85)
A. The Atmosphere
• The atmosphere is the thin gaseous layer that envelopes the lithosphere. The present
atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen (N2), 21% oxygen (O2), 0.9% argon (Ar), and a trace
amount of other gases.
• One of the most important processes by which the heat on the Earth's surface is redistributed
is through atmospheric circulation.
• There is also a constant exchange of heat and moisture between the atmosphere and the
hydrosphere through the hydrologic (water) cycle.
o Features: clouds, weather, aurora, air pollution/aerosols, and so on.

B. The Lithosphere
• The lithosphere (also known as geosphere) includes the rocks of the crust and mantle, the
metallic liquid outer core, and the solid metallic inner core. It also includes geologic landforms
such as mountains and hills.
• Plate Tectonics is an important process that shapes the surface of the Earth.
• The associated features of the geosphere based on types are:
 Fluvial & Alluvial processes: deltas, river channels, canyons, alluvial fans

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  Aeolian processes: sand dunes, yardangs, wind streaks
 Tectonic Processes: folds, faults, mountains
 Volcanic Processes: volcanoes, central vents, volcanic deposits
 Impact Processes: impact craters
 Other Processes: mass wasting processes, erosional processes
o Processes: weathering, erosion, mantle convection, volcanic eruption, and so on.

C. The Hydrosphere
• About 70% of the Earth is covered with liquid water (hydrosphere) and much of it is in the form
of ocean water.
• Only 3% of Earth's water is fresh: two-thirds are in the form of ice, and the remaining one-third
is present in streams, lakes, and groundwater.
• The oceans are important sinks for CO2 through a direct exchange with the atmosphere and
indirectly through the weathering of rocks. Heat is absorbed and redistributed on the surface of
the Earth through ocean circulation.
o Features: oceans, icebergs, lakes, rivers, glaciers, snow, and so on.

o Processes: hydrologic cycle (condensation, evaporation), ocean circulation

D. The Biosphere
• The biosphere is the set of all life forms on Earth. It covers all ecosystems - from the soil to the
rainforest, from mangroves to coral reefs, and from the plankton-rich ocean surface to the deep
sea.
o Features: coastal biomes, forests, desert, grasslands, and other ecosystems.
o Processes: photosynthesis, biogeochemical cycles (carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle)

What’s More
Activity 7. Label Me
Directions: Using the figure on the right, describe how energy (solar energy from the sun) and
matter (water) are exchanged among the subsystems. Label the subsystems then use arrows to
indicate the cycle of water in the subsystems. Indicate also the different processes involve in the
water cycle.

Figure 3. (Adapted from https://tinyurl.com/y59r)

Activity 8. Matching Type

Directions: Match Column A (Description) with Column B (Earth’s Sphere) then match
Column B with Column C (Process that happens in a specific Earth sphere).
Write only the letter of the correct answer.
Example: 1. B - Z

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 Column A Column B Column C
1. It is a thin gaseous layer composed A. biosphere Z. atmospheric
of 78% N, 21% O, 0.9% Ar and other circulation
trace gases

2. It is the set of all life forms on Earth B. atmosphere Y. erosion,

which covers all ecosystems. weathering

3. It is the solid portions of Earth C. hydrosphere X. photosynthesis

including the crust, mantle and core.

4. It is the combined mass of water D. lithosphere W. evaporation,

found on, under, and above the ocean
surface. circulation

What I Have Learned

Activity 9 . Interconnected

Earth system is essentially a closed system where it

receives energy from the sun and returns some of this
energy to space. In contrast, the four spheres of Earth
(geosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and atmosphere) are
considered open systems where both matter and energy
can flow across the boundaries. These systems are all
interconnected as shown in the diagram.

For example, connection no. 1 shows how atmosphere is

related to the biosphere. One explanation is that the
atmospheric chemistry and temperature (atmosphere)
affect organisms (biosphere). Letter A is done for you.

Explanation
__1__ A. Atmospheric chemistry and temperature affect organisms
_____ B. Weathering and erosion controls nutrient supply to life in the oceans
_____ C. Atmospheric temperature affects evaporation
_____ D. Locations of continents controls circulation pattern of oceans
_____ E. Plants aid weathering (physical and chemical) of rocks
_____ F. Atmospheric chemistry and temperature affect weathering of rocks
_____ G. Plants control water transfer from soil to atmosphere
_____ H. Volcanic eruptions add carbon dioxide and aerosols to atmosphere
_____ I. Photosynthesis affects atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration
_____ J. Soil water limits plant growth
_____ K. Ocean circulation controls how much CO2 is removed from atmosphere
_____ L. Rainfall and runoff erode the land surface

What I Can Do
Activity 10: Creative Output (Poster – Performance Task)
Directions: Illustrate the four subsystems of the earth. You may use any art materials that you
can use. You can even use recyclable materials, indigenous materials, coffee or plant extracts
to color, or any available materials that you can use to express your creativity. Use a separate

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sheet, preferably one (1) long bondpaper only. The best output will receive a prize.
(teacher’s discretion)

Criteria:
· Neatness - 15%
· Concept / Relevance to the Topic - 45%
· Creativity - 40%

Lesson
Rock – Forming Minerals
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Minerals make up the rocks beneath your feet, the soil that supports plants, and the deep rock
of Earth’s mantle. Any thorough study of Earth must include an understanding of minerals. But it
is not sufficient to study minerals isolated from the rest of the planet. Rather we can learn more
by observing the ways that minerals interact with other Earth systems.

What’s In
Activity 11. Directions: From the given picture, identify which belongs to what SPHERE. Write
as many as you have observed. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
example: rocks - lithosphere

(photo credits: Ruth Lauron)

What’s New
Directions: Unscramble the words below in order to form the correct Science concept.

building are the rocks minerals of blocks basic

Answer: ____________________________________________

What is It

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Minerals are naturally occurring, (not man-made or machine-generated) inorganic, (not a
byproduct of living things) solid with an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical
composition. Minerals are the basic building blocks of rocks.
A. Physical Properties
• Color – The color of a mineral depends on the elements which constitute the crystal lattice
– the arrangement of atoms, or groups of atoms, in a specific pattern and with high
symmetry. The reflection of certain wavelengths of light by the crystal lattice results
in the color perceived by the observer.
• Streak – refers to the color of the mineral in its powdered form
• Luster – refers to the relative differences in the opacity and transparency of a mineral as light
is reflected on its surface. This describes the “sparkles” of the mineral surfaces.
• Specific gravity – refers to the ratio of the weight of the mineral of the water with an equal
volume. This parameter indicates how many times more the mineral weighs compared to an
equal amount of water.
• Hardness – refers to the measure of the resistance of a surface to abrasions or scratches. It is
generally measured using the Mohs Scale of Hardness.
• Cleavage – refers to the tendency of the mineral to be split or broken along flat surfaces
• Fracture – refers to the texture or shape of the mineral’s surface when the mineral breaks into
forms other than flat surfaces
• Tenacity – refers to the behavior of the mineral under deformation or stress such as cutting,
crushing, bending, or hitting.
• Crystal habit – refers to the growth crystal pattern of a mineral as single or aggregated

B. Chemical Properties
• Solubility – refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent at a specified
temperature.
• Melting point – refers to the temperature at which solid turns into liquid. Minerals composed
of atoms that are tightly bonded within the crystal structure have high melting points

Although there are thousands of mineral, only very few groups are involved in rock-formation.
Major rock-forming minerals are feldspar, quartz, micas, pyroxene, olivine, calcite and
dolomite.

What’s More
Directions: Use table salt or halite to demonstrate the different mineral properties. You may
choose your answer from the list below. Write the letter only.
A. Salty taste; very soluble; produces reddish spark in flame D. Light (2.2)
B. Non-metallic – vitreous; transparent to translucent E. Soft (2-2.5)
C. Cubic F. White
D. Perfect Cubic G. NaCl

What I Have Learned

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 Pyrite exhibits gold color but Mica crystal can be peel
has a black or dark gray like layers of onion
streak.
Also known as fool’s gold.
https://tinyrituals.co/blogs/tiny- www.mineralseducation
rituals/pyrite-meaning-healing- coalition.org
properties-everyday-uses

Diamond has a scale of

Quartz creates smooth,
10 in the Mohs Scale of
curved surfaces
Hardness

www.geology.com
https://m.mineral.net/min
eral/diamond.aspx

Feldspar mostly found in

igneous rocks

www.mineralseducationcoalition.org

Directions: Identify what is being referred to. Write the letter of the correct answer.
A. Hardness C. Streak E. Cleavage
B. Fracture D. Luster
1. Refers to the measure of the resistance of a surface to abrasions or scratches. It is generally
measured using the Mohs Scale of Hardness.
2. Refers to the color of the mineral in its powdered form
3. This describes the “sparkles” of the mineral surfaces.
4. Refers to the tendency of the mineral to be split or broken along flat surfaces
5. Refers to the texture or shape of the mineral’s surface when the mineral breaks into forms
other than flat surfaces

What I Can Do
As a student, how can you help in conserving and preserving the natural sources of these rock-
forming minerals? (Answers should not be more than 10 sentences)

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What makes planet Earth habitable?
A. It has comfortable distance from the sun.
B. It has atmosphere that protects from radiation.
C. The atmosphere holds carbon dioxide and other gases.
D. All of the above
2. Which of the following best describes the surface of the planet Earth?
A. a thick layer of hydrogen gas
B. cloudy and hot with lots of volcano
C. cold, rocky, and covered with red dust

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 D. mostly water surface with some areas of land
3. Earth is said to be a unique planet. Which answer verifies the statement?
A. It supports life. C. Its atmosphere is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.
B. It is mostly covered in water. D. All of the above
4. What characteristics does the Earth have to maintain an organism’s body to survive?
A. Earth has a water cycle and atmosphere
B. Earth has volcanic activities to circulate nutrients.
C. Earth has sub-surface water or molten rock that can circulate and replenish nutrients
for organisms.
D. All of the above
5. Which distinct characteristic made Earth different from any other planet?
A. It is the only rocky planet.
B. It is the only planet that turns around in space.
C. It is the only planet that has a large amount of liquid water.
D. It is the only planet that changes its structure
6. Which biophysical component of earth is composed of all the living organisms on earth,
including those in land, water, and air?
A. biosphere B. atmosphere C. geosphere D. hydrosphere
7. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
A. Nitrogen B. Oxygen C. Helium D. Hydrogen
8. Which of the following is NOT a component of the geosphere?
A. valleys B. volcanoes C. glaciers D. mountains
9. Which of the following best illustrates the interaction between hydrosphere and atmosphere?
A. Flowing lava C. Boy catching fish
B. Falling leaves D. Evaporating water
10. What can you infer from the illustration below about the four spheres of Earth?
A. The processes in the Earth’s sphere are unidirectional processes.
B. The atmosphere regulates all the processes on the other spheres.
C. The four spheres of Earth are interconnected and interrelated.
D. This cannot be answered since the information is incomplete.

11. Pyrite is a yellowish mineral that looks like gold and is commonly called fool’s gold. What is
the property of mineral exhibited by pyrite wherein it reflects light and with a metallic Look?
A. Color B. Hardness C. Luster D. Streak
12. Quartz can break other than along planes of cleavage. What property of minerals is shown
in this situation?
A. Cleavage B. Fracture C. Hardness D. Streak
13. Some minerals like mica has surfaces with planes of weak bonds in the crystals. Thus, its
crystals can be peeled like layers of onion. What is the property exhibited by mica?
A. Cleavage B. Fracture C. Hardness D. Tenacity
14. In its powdered form, the mineral hematite is reddish. Which mineral property is best
described?
A. Color B. Hardness C. Luster D. Streak
15. During the 1800’s, miners can identify real gold from pyrite through biting the surface of the
mineral. If a bite mark is exhibited, then the said mineral is considered real gold. What property
is tested in this scenario?
A. Cleavage B. Hardness C. Luster D. Streak

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References
Aborde, Joni S. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1- Module 3:
Rock-forming Minerals. Region V: Department of Education.Bicol

Barnal, Rhona Tessa T. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Module 1:The Earth as a Unique Planet. Region V: Department of Education.Bicol

Jacinto, Josephine P. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Module 3: Minerals. Region IV-A: Department of Education.CALABARZON

Mahinog, Rosabelle N. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Week 1-Module 1: Wow! Earth-terrific!. National Capital Region: Department of Education.City
of Manila

Mahinog, Rosabelle N. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Week 1-Module 2: Earth-terrific! Systematic!. National Capital Region: Department of
Education.City of Manila

Mercado, Rochelle M. 2020. Earth and Life Science, Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Module 1: Origin and Structure of the Earth (Planet Earth). Region IV-A: Department of
Education.CALABARZON

Commission on Higher Education. Teaching Guide for Senior High School Earth and Life
Science (2016) Commission on Higher Education

Learning Activity Sheets in Earth and Life Science (Grade 11) – Quarter 1.2020. Division of
Bohol

www.geology.com

https://m.mineral.net/mineral/diamond.aspx

www.mineralseducationcoalition.org

https://tinyrituals.co/blogs/tiny-rituals/pyrite-meaning-healing-properties-everyday-uses

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

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Department of Education – Division of Bohol
Office Address: 0050 Lino Chatto Drive, Brgy. Cogon, Tagbilaran City, Bohol
Telephone Nos.: (038) 412-4938; (038) 411-2544; (038) 501-7550
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