KEMENTERIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK GEOLOGI

PRAKTIKUM HIDROGEOLOGI
ACARA 4
PERMEABILITAS DAN POROSITA

LAPORAN

OLEH :

WIRDAYANTI
F12117044

PALU
2020
Soal nomor 1tabel e1

Constant Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kary P.Tiel, J. S. Tkach, E. Davidson, and H. Guapo

Test Date : 01/03/1993
Soil Sample : Loose san mixture

Specific gravity (Gs) = 2,65

Specimen dry mass (Md) = 674
Specimen height (H) = 13,48
Specimen diameter (D) = 6,22
Piezometer tap distance (L) = 10,35
Initial void ratio ( e ) = 0,66
Dry unit weight (γd) = 15,70
Trial 1 2 3 4
Pizeometer level distance (cm) ( Δh) 47,20 29,7 21,9 6,5
Duration of Sampling (s) (t) 60 60 60 60
Mass of water collercted & container (g) (Mwc) 766 614 560 438
Mass of container (g) (Mc) 396 390 398 390
Water temperature ( ͦC) (Te) 21,8 21,9 21,9 22,2
Hydraulic gradient (i) 4,560 2,87 2,12 0,63
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v 0,203 0,123 0,089 0,026
Permeability at ambient temperature (cm/s) (kT) 0,045 0,043 0,042 0,042
Permeability at 20 ͦC (cm/s) k 0,049 0,047 0,046 0,047
Average permeability at ambient 0,043
Average permeability at 20 ͦC 0,047
Nilai Viscositas Water = Mass of water collercted & container (g) × Duration of Sampling (s)
Specimen diameter (cm)^2
= 1187,952978

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.250
0.200
0.150 Series2
Linear (Series2)
0.100
Linear (Series2)
0.050
0.000
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
Hydraulic gradient (i)
Soal nomor 1tabel e2

Constant Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kary P.Tiel, J. S. Tkach, E. Davidson, and H. Guapo

Test Date : 01/03/1993
Soil Sample : Loose san mixture

Specific gravity (Gs) = 2,65

Specimen dry mass (Md) = 712
Specimen height (H) = 15,5
Specimen diameter (D) = 6,21
Piezometer tap distance (L) = 10,33
Initial void ratio ( e ) = 0,81
Dry unit weight (γd) = 14,38
Trial 1 2 3 4
Pizeometer level distance (cm) ( Δh) 45,50 11,1 53,7 63,5
Duration of Sampling (s) (t) 150 150 150 150
Mass of water collercted & container (g) (Mwc) 670 470 594 620
Mass of container (g) (Mc) 396,8 396,8 396,8 396,8
Water temperature ( ͦC) (Te) 22,5 22,5 22,5 22,5
Hydraulic gradient (i) 4,405 1,07 5,20 6,15
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v 0,060 0,016 0,043 0,049
Permeability at ambient temperature (cm/s) (kT) 0,014 0,015 0,008 0,008
Permeability at 20 ͦC (cm/s) k 0,015 0,017 0,009 0,009
Average permeability at ambient 0,011
Average permeability at 20 ͦC 0,013

Nilai Viscositas Water = Mass of water collercted & container (g) × Duration of Sampling (s)
Specimen diameter (cm)^2
= 2606,050705

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.070
0.060
0.050
Series2
0.040
0.030 Linear (Series2)
0.020 Linear (Series2)
0.010
0.000
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000
Hydraulic gradient (i)
Soal nomor 1tabel e3

Constant Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kary P.Tiel, J. S. Tkach, E. Davidson, and H. Guapo

Test Date : 01/03/1993
Soil Sample : Loose san mixture

Specific gravity (Gs) = 2,65

Specimen dry mass (Md) = 712
Specimen height (H) = 12,8
Specimen diameter (D) = 6,21
Piezometer tap distance (L) = 10,33
Initial void ratio ( e ) = 0,49
Dry unit weight (γd) = 17,41
Trial 1 2 3 4
Pizeometer level distance (cm) ( Δh) 80,5 61,3 42,7 19,9
Duration of Sampling (s) (t) 90 90 180 180
Mass of water collercted & container (g) (Mwc) 494 468 492 448
Mass of container (g) (Mc) 396,8 396,8 396,8 396,8
Water temperature ( ͦC) (Te) 22 22 22 22
Hydraulic gradient (i) 7,793 5,93 4,13 1,93
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v 0,036 0,026 0,017 0,009
Permeability at ambient temperature (cm/s) (kT) 0,005 0,004 0,004 0,005
Permeability at 20 ͦC (cm/s) k 0,005 0,005 0,005 0,005
Average permeability at ambient 0,005
Average permeability at 20 ͦC 0,005

Nilai Viscositas Water = Mass of water collercted & container (g) × Duration of Sampling (s)
Specimen diameter (cm)^2
= 1152,885715

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.040
0.030
Series2
0.020 Linear (Series2)
0.010 Linear (Series2)

0.000
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000
Hydraulic gradient (i)
Soal nomor 1tabel e4

Constant Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kary P.Tiel, J. S. Tkach, E. Davidson, and H. Guapo

Test Date : 01/03/1993
Soil Sample : Loose san mixture

Specific gravity (Gs) = 2,65

Specimen dry mass (Md) = 698
Specimen height (H) = 15,3
Specimen diameter (D) = 6,22
Piezometer tap distance (L) = 10,3
Initial void ratio ( e ) = 0,81
Dry unit weight (γd) = 14,32
Trial 1 2 3 4
Pizeometer level distance (cm) ( Δh) 7,6 16,4 20,6 23,5
Duration of Sampling (s) (t) 60 60 60 60
Mass of water collercted & container (g) (Mwc) 656 1214 1094 1175
Mass of container (g) (Mc) 390 390 390 390
Water temperature ( ͦC) (Te) 21 21 21 21
Hydraulic gradient (i) 0,738 1,59 2,00 2,28
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v 0,146 0,452 0,386 0,431
Permeability at ambient temperature (cm/s) (kT) 0,198 0,284 0,193 0,189
Permeability at 20 ͦC (cm/s) k 0,208 0,298 0,203 0,198
Average permeability at ambient 0,216
Average permeability at 20 ͦC 0,227

Nilai Viscositas Water = Mass of water collercted & container (g) × Duration of Sampling (s)
Specimen diameter (cm)^2
= 1017,359208

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.500
0.400
0.300 Series2
Linear (Series2)
0.200
Linear (Series2)
0.100
0.000
0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500
Hydraulic gradient (i)
Soal nomor 1tabel e5

Constant Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kary P.Tiel, J. S. Tkach, E. Davidson, and H. Guapo

Test Date : 01/03/1993
Soil Sample : Loose san mixture

Specific gravity (Gs) = 2,65

Specimen dry mass (Md) = 698
Specimen height (H) = 14
Specimen diameter (D) = 6,22
Piezometer tap distance (L) = 10,3
Initial void ratio ( e ) = 0,66
Dry unit weight (γd) = 15,65
Trial 1 2 3 4
Pizeometer level distance (cm) ( Δh) 11,0 30 36,5 44,5
Duration of Sampling (s) (t) 60 60 60 60
Mass of water collercted & container (g) (Mwc) 608 936 1034 1146
Mass of container (g) (Mc) 390 390 390 390
Water temperature ( ͦC) (Te) 21 21 21 21
Hydraulic gradient (i) 1,068 2,91 3,54 4,32
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v 0,120 0,300 0,353 0,415
Permeability at ambient temperature (cm/s) (kT) 0,112 0,103 0,100 0,096
Permeability at 20 ͦC (cm/s) k 0,118 0,108 0,105 0,101
Average permeability at ambient 0,103
Average permeability at 20 ͦC 0,108

Nilai Viscositas Water = Mass of water collercted & container (g) × Duration of Sampling (s)
Specimen diameter (cm)^2
= 942,9182908

Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.450
Discharge velocity (cm/s) v

0.400
0.350
0.300
Series2
0.250
0.200 Linear (Series2)
0.150 Linear (Series2)
0.100
0.050
0.000
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
Hydraulic gradient (i)
soal nomor 2 tabel 1
Falling Head Permeability
Analyst Name : Kate Allison, Paul Murphy, Francis Chin, L.P Chua
Test Date : 08/06/1995
Soil Sample : Sample 1, Westport sand, New Brighton sand and silica flour 100

Specific grafity Gs = 2,61

Specimen dry mass M = 1464,06 g
Specimen height H = 5 cm
Specimen diameter D = 100,5 cm
Diameter of standpipe ds = 0,322 cm
Initial height in standpipe h0 = 112,6 cm
Initial void ratio e = 1,12
Dry unit weight γd = 1,232 gr/cm
3

Height of water in Temperature (

Time (min) C)
ͦ Permeability (cm/s)
standpipe (cm)

t ht Te kt
4 112,2 16,5 7,61084E-10
16 111,8 16,5 3,81221E-10
20 111,4 16,5 4,58285E-10
24 111,1 16,5 4,78023E-10
30 110,7 16,5 4,85269E-10
Permeability calculated by average kTa = 5,13E-10
Permeability calculated by regression kTr = 1,8E-11

Soal nomor 2 tabel 2

Falling Head Permeability
Analyst Name : Kate Allison, Paul Murphy, Francis Chin, L.P Chua
Test Date : 08/06/1995
Soil Sample : Sample 1, Westport sand, New Brighton sand and silica flour 100

Specific grafity Gs = 1,25

Specimen dry mass M = 1382,06 g
Specimen height H = 5 cm
Specimen diameter D = 100,5 cm
Diameter of standpipe ds = 0,322 cm
Initial height in standpipe h0 = 92,5 cm
Initial void ratio e = 1,25
Dry unit weight γd = 1,163 gr/cm3

Height of water in Temperature (

Time (min) C)
ͦ Permeability (cm/s)
standpipe (cm)

t ht Te kt
4 91,4 16,5 2,55849E-09
16 90,6 16,5 1,10966E-09
20 89,7 16,5 1,31475E-09
24 86,7 16,5 2,30812E-09
30 86,1 16,5 2,04452E-09
Permeability calculated by average kTa = 1,87E-09
Permeability calculated by regression kTr = 8,46E-11
Soal nomor 2 tabel 3

Falling Head Permeability

Analyst Name : Kate Allison, Paul Murphy, Francis Chin, L.P Chua
Test Date : 08/06/1995
Soil Sample : Sample 1, Westport sand, New Brighton sand and silica flour 100

Specific grafity Gs = 2,61

Specimen dry mass M = 1382,06 g
Specimen height H = 5 cm
Specimen diameter D = 100,5 cm
Diameter of standpipe ds = 0,322 cm
Initial height in standpipe h0 = 90,5 cm
Initial void ratio e = 1,25
Dry unit weight γd = 1,163 gr/cm3

Height of water in Temperature (

Time (min) C)
ͦ Permeability (cm/s)
standpipe (cm)

t ht Te kt
4 88,1 16,5 5,7481E-09
16 85,9 16,5 2,78911E-09
20 84,1 16,5 3,1371E-09
24 82,4 16,5 3,34214E-09
30 80,5 16,5 3,33893E-09
Permeability calculated by average kTa = 3,67E-09
Permeability calculated by regression kTr = 1,21E-10
Soal nomor 3

a) Jacob Method
0 t0
1
2
3
4 Δs
5
6
s

7
8
9
10
11
1 10 100 1000
log t

Dik:
t0 = 6 min → 6 min x 1/1440 d/min = 4.1 x 10-3d
Δs = 5.7 ft
Q = 220 gal/min x 1/7.48 ft3/gal x 1440 min/d = 42400 ft3/d
r = 824 ft

Penyelesaian:
2.3 Q
T =
4 πΔs
2.3 x 42400 ft 3 /d
=
4 x 3.14 x 5.7 ft
97520 ft 3 /d
=
71.592 ft
= 1362 ft2/d
2.25T t 0
S =
r2
2.25 x 1362 ft 3 /d x 4.1 x 10−3 d
=
824 ft x 824 ft
 3
12.56 ft /d
= 2
678976 ft

= 1.9 x 10-5ft/d