23

leuen -3
CLoseai and poiedic
elem phepebis

Mendeleevs lauy
Ihe
The phepertie h m ae e pniedie Jncti
he atemic wig

Mode poLedic laur

th
The plusica od chmical prepeiizs o hs zlumná ara

Knctemetheu alemic mumbth.

hat wuld be h IuPAC namt and Aumb

h alemen wth_atemic Mumber
I 120 mbinilium
2 8 Uunecium Uuo
3 115 munpenuum Uup-
Uun ln
110 Ununnilium

unds in pluyical prepui

L) Atemiu hadis
The distante
The em thecenbe pt th muduu b te
9utenmest Ahel tentaiing sdethomM

ype atemic hadi

valenbi hodiu
he-al e distance betutento Cents t h
ud tuo similar atem basked bya
 Page: 24

Aingle Cevoent bond.

Example
H H)

4 pm

Tpmovodgn a s

Levalent Lintemudean diatonce betvten

bue bendee, atem
tevalant 4 2

Cavalent =31-pm
(4

wlande waa s haduu

Halk the intenueear dätancebeteon
bwer
adjiuenb akom o th ame elamunb belamgng t twt
Muaneatnigsbeunng meluus ota ar
Aubstance in AoliA atate
 Fege 5

369p
198 pm

vaent 91 p

Mefalic hadiu
e - hall t betueen
Dternuulsan pat diiance betutan
adunb mtal ious in th mutallic lattice
mtallie nadiusoo atbm LA always lrguv
ad
than valen hadinsbecause matallie bend
wtak haw ovalunb bend.

me
 oaLemihad the peieolic tall
*Varnton

u)Variotb inapeied
pted becu e
Atonie hadu decmassin a
inceased Muclka_charge pem ult hight

(2. Vaniatew in aeup.

As we dewm th gheup_ tho otemi adiu
meve
nChrases because oincheake in mumber e dkells.
12

(2loic Rade
alskinsd a l th elutive dstane promm He
Mutlti h ion pointpointupto whi ik
inuente in t Leniond
Catue Gqien D
Catiem Aniw

nto utttot dttnte

empanism Anil Aadu uil atuAQdl-
.ho hadis o Catie aluway Amalle than
ho of passnt tevm atom
olu
the umblh hella

Hh cbhens
 Page: 28

Cd

t o atlactkve
Aua dharos intases
elcbreins Onol the uitlwu alu
Oubrttn t t oLeue adw
Ths uulk n dee ae
bMcALaes.
hat mogntude usko hare
t
wi nmasu in
M 2 A1
N Ne Na
10 12 3
0
e 10 10 10

N elkut'wmuulr change

A lest ekbie uckas harpe

maleat

wi eut e He 4otlowing _pais wsuld hat a

loka siz Ezplain
2+
(i2Na
( k

( ) 02
+

LNa
)P 12
10 0
Na Las lasgn ig o4 h kie uuear chorge
 2

0 N
16
10
e 010

D<N$

L) 0 0 20

in the Mdor oneasin

Anaongqe the
Aaaange elleingens

2t
24
be C S NoM 2-+
B e2+
C 5 ,Na' M B
1 16 12 35
2 18 18
10 36

Be2t M 2t
< Na < <S< B
.6.12
Tepluaw anthalpy
lo h amntout ed ama tha

gaseos abm in ih qneund stata

Unit sluckhem volE pe atom LeV Jato)
Jaile souls p mele C kT/»mal)

Succsi ive ioniaatow nkhale

Aty 1. =
 31

ACg I.E2-
Vnipoibve
A G) I E A
Diposibve
M4,ed 6 hameve mest
hoonly buud lecbon pem unipoihvt dipositirt ,

ancl bupositt Les Gau9us

cialledALLend nd and ou iewzatie
atio
ngwiu a coleckieu tallad uccisiieioniz

Fasb aukug_ LOwaiow

A Tho gutu mad

lechow0 hslodoyth udeus asaL

o oecsau
hisult the Loiatien lgy tAA wiih eli2

23Magitudls o hwlea okasgr

eatenthe Amaqikoke lechie mul cLexga

beLmes m u t to°0mav
edeeen. T e e , izatin eng inueas

plerhes
n multieleclhow akoon pant n th eutAbwet
he eleuhons
 32

npenitnco tt cemplult utu

o Met
epkulsie intesachu e
Cansha.cau o
heseo, eutelmost elether
inteswening letbew
atelde.cl AueOned tte uttens b4

t h mmbis eeleuheu i n th iunu shtl

ulu lae..and
aseonth te.ach teachon bs huita n tLe
idesk
Twaee ionizatonAn wilL b lo

Cu Paekatig- lca
z a ulusothan p l t o n T h e i penaLhatng

L5)Elcbheue cenqatuev
T atoms hasing m tabla toukqunake
has s tomoley toLoose pleuhe ond bas l
a

Nole gasts- (Lake coukiqueniatan) aA Liakest

Jenayadthew Rmua

Elnts Aei hegaaid phespleous lhaA

ELm Lke BexelimQnd Mogniafum Las
a all
Hhe eaob.os paved kbeueqsatien
stobleleueie ioigattemnthaley ttdled

* Vasiati uouigatia uthaley tupeitolie talale

Vaabon ahA
ewialem enthapy ucheaA
rcauseE
) Nucl change i n s a A
Atemic ige alecseaALA.

Eacupem
S s dhan Bnellium de
ko the oLoing sasws
Gmat pemehatten e 2.4 election as tospaakd lo
2 p eledhen.

Betes sluieloing 2p elckso y inha eledaon

Stable nthnation o Beueilumdu ti tanputely 1d
9hbtals

i onsaton
t due ko skabla stickeie_Lonehation due
Lalua 2p obitals
 34

ontate na p dechoasRA Louou a 9eup keLQ

Sew attow
theekimed
R) ineua m_uiclding eet
on

eluctos

fDnisatwy enflhalpu (1E) o magnestum

Yho Man edium u 2 T.E. Ma4 es
han Na. Ge Asaseu
 Page 35

Acq te Co AH e

) AH 343 k
2.8

bntholn charge. cde taking plau whan an isoeakA

gaseend a e p an eleenou Con mameueyaln

*Factes alectng on_qain halpe

()Nlean cha1ge-
ates h maguitude Mucleoy clhange qnala
uil beattaace te intemning Rlettio aud
Lange l be to wgati value d eletneu Gai
enhalpy
C ) Atam siae
AagenHhe sizeoan atao mo wil lbee olitante
between the udeu and h acdttonal elkclrenn anol
Baalta wiu a tiwgatieaaleus o eutien gaiw
nthalpy
lehenic Lowkitaaion
Staldle he rduhemie Lamkaaaten o n atsne,
ww ht th aduty6
accept theluhon anel
 ( Vaiakow ln a pied

a Atomic uze clecheaeA

b Nucleca. Change imcAAs
J:
anBote hse octoskesultin aater althactien.
hinting elechen keseu eucthan 4a
Luthalpy laruams moe negae.

*uLptow
o up 2415 and
N
Gnoup 2 elemeut luaa Ueo mssub stell

h p 15 Las Lal ludnp aubiholl

hwei lubeuie Lo rokew a stabla and

oD
Gen entalpy
L2 Vahiatow doun a gnoup
Meg d e n 9pueup tl tomic
e cnd
Mucde chon inuaeaas lbuk thoauto inouo
AL m b piAmounted
hou ttat el
daninabig)
 Page 3tF
ha hag Theeeu additaaucoskuls ls
atthachev lheae lusheugaiaenttaalpy aa.ces l2
wgab've.

Whe an eluhon Ladeleo t pleine ale qeu

elatielycepa sLcAduha ek. Ihesaon it
LApeiens AGtant pulai ha atkss elchens.

t h ot hand. in chlerune albm hsaddedelhehe

ge ah.gslul wsh aulakiuky largetlonu
E enp eaitn ls"thea elhubew epulaibe ilenu

cllonin

-328
CL
-3 2s
-295

sluskirr aain tuthoalgy

N_