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avge dnel ie lols

(at eelste lauge 2 40uil i l

Eleclste Clia19 6 nadolilinal nope,y


bTens naelcelhons, , hueh _Use.
eleeleleetsie brlween hen
ASpetüe
Sts ócales 9uanuty
9uanuz e' =*ne
The chasge
3 Charg Canno be Micatro no olestboyed
H) isoclei clolibu in na luse'
S) 9 no ahe td by_moien an otyiet

B2 8tate Ceulembs S9uaur lau electosale


electvoslal
Cnanges Onhi basis odelsine Uni clnaxg
lsta ishedoncliuen he laus
he
applcoble
CoulembsInvewseS9ua lao: ee" to t g
rrs
lous oRe a1Macto 0 pulsion bilwren toe
tle
pein changi ietly tonohouuonal
ucdues theix maguidudesane nvessely
T heSgua a'slane blore
fnehorlena
hem Jhe
ish e Centval
Centval
one allnaeuon 0 ehulsio»
foce tujich acls alenghdine Ain)9
K
wo C lha1 ge3

lcl 9, and 9, a hchauges plact a a

olisfance o each olhes


,fnnlDnd

abour w nelatwnsoey
On Om/219

yTE

ers o s abseute pumitt


viy
8pa
T6 delene Un Change tet ,
nd X/o nees-tom Pne
9 10 N- 94/o92
Lm)2
t l Coulamb
ne Coutomb s hal chasegeohau
rel n egtal And imilascuaxgt tolh
afev 9fo N tolun placeolin Uactuu
a
slone o m
Va
hltcable
. la lio aly
n
s not
nd dstanccA
Valldlese Lar9 llonre
netu
becaust olisdaner less har 1om,i ita;
Ces a demirant

Chlain Puin iple Superhosiben


Ac thu pxindhie the Toal ua
a 9tn Chaxg is he Vceton Sum

inolieluealeuces éxeted_e gren haxg e.


all th chauges

n
let 2 n Cha
aSysum lelhe rC nChazge
Es
Sespetively hen by ineple 2

E E,u

yTEL, 2

yTEo
22

)
3

stlarly 0/7 Car9

12 /3
Ceunlivoar

n Dscinv lihibnlo, hsu


ype
imea clange olstaikutio
Susacc Chang olistaikuho
Valime Chauge istibuten

inea Chaxge Hesent_ pe


nt dength Condluckor
ST Ln C/m
d
dg is he charg pusen n dl
length Cornolucor n =a
dg=ddl - O
F do.2
yTe 2

YTTE
de)

yTE
dl
() Suno Chang pMesenl 1perun
aHea
denoud by Onik is
Cm
i lttclis
An
dg s
Chagc
listan
d

acling
Cds)2

4TE J s y2

YUnchasg EoJs
Velum
Uni? yolume sE
ST m s C/3.
denote d by
fe olv is an elemen oVelume and 9
drlaibuked Then Ve(ume
chasg
alens 7iten by

d dv

ce
L
y7TE Jv

ne inlEnsity af eleckni eld dOnd

Sail s Un puopwbie oelwa


ines ferce
The Cleckc inlensiey af a
T
olur s6Ue chasq is dyined
peuen cee posiiu test
plased af ha ofnt
u nN

acpeuies
Electwe 8aul, r m
n l end n ve
(b) uoe ins neoe Pn lersee each
Dhe
(C)
7ongen dhaon C any fnei
g/vs he oli eleeuc
fule intonsty
Orrne Eleelnie
Systm
Chasges kep Vecyclose s cach ohes
Callrol cltehai olpo
d elechuue
Cni
ano cUbol_m Omens
mula
leckuie clthol
ma 9nilde
mememfs he po
rodusdue
anY
peChau
and he
he olraIanee Ybelioeen b% h.
he
Chanes
ncl a Zcoo
9
Cheuges_/aced a7
abaxt, then {lecti'c oipol
anc bebusee x tl1 be
P2:2
s a Vectou
uantty rhos e
ollclon fs
ve Ue
chaseges
un 's C/m
Dfm ensibrn P7 1l24J:PTL7
M'T'A'7

ete n eupHSBI en eleebruekeld


n unsiby n a haint in aialposilion
elveliudipete
3o Censidesk on elubei olpole hmaok chagz
and-`paretrd by elislano 2.(e us ind
electue eld adP silualrd a dstae i Cbe

oliptu
A
E

eleetic reld dut lo t9


)

Ap2
hul
eettie re lol

C-1 CL) 2

CYtA) -CY-)
4e L (Y-1) CY+R)2

2
yre ( )

4Teo

p N
Cem ou e
fr 7

p
2
he

HBbe an eleelkic bpolfomelhy


separated by olis lana f
al }oin! Polo oilaue
kine elecuk ite
7E
o

Centu ob pol

Eletur'rdo ad P clue tb
A

El= 2
4Teo APZ

YITeD

Elecduie kield due t z


Teo (BP)2

and E2 aHe Hesolued Tnto tuwo (empen entsEsine


E
and E2Sine Cancel each othetSince they a
ond egua
paalle
ano posi6 Bul CiCos G and Ealso
t So 6 E Cos O+ ¬2 Cøso
2¬ Cos
Cos O Ao
4ITEo C )/T12 AP
P
olhet tucluu n

Kp

enpuessi on
he tbue
Sio e the lipol whin Repl in
a

acling n
anod hen defuis dipl
Unierm eleebnic eld
men eMA

eleciuÉ dipel wik i aole


Se Consioles-an uwnue 1s
is
Ond ntk
changes
Cat + and
eldshen
placato aunilam elwtuie
e leeliue
Th olpol: Pmakes an angl 0 twY
Th
Hs a Hesult_9é and -9e Qcb en tho dfrrleS
fhy ply a couppL en tlecliuc olpti
bsin _aleng the olieelTen Eketi
eld This couplesalleol Hestening deupla

Menn en oCoup

1Magnilul y hespendiuulas
Cn y ls lanc belo
Hoces

9E XBC

JnaA6c in 6 Bc Bc>1B sin B


A SinO
A

0-3 P Sin 9o

heeipueSSIen th ombunt n
dne nHofalung d oipoll in uni n /eb
elo
olipd placeoltn_a uniger 0 eeluc
elo is
s HOiakel _ e he
egulbwum4psn
hen hes be dene
Consides an electwie
olprte mem ent_p:
whschhas
mas bren 4otaled n aneleeic eld
byaun ange 1uem theeguilhbsum posihen
hebAGue AcCtng On will be

T Pxe PESIn O
osk dene nHoalung he oprle thuegk
angl
e
d 7do

pEsinD do
Cos O
Cos e

n Hoaluny
oipols fom 0, h
dent
Pe Cos O-
Cos e2)
pt

Wevui an enpxoszi®n he potunia


nug a dbrle
n an eleeku ile
WOH done n Hofaling any elecaue
genslandand bosiUe t any anq to
Blwtui elds Calleol po tnual eneeay

S/ondondhosiHon i t h Cherpend'u
PE dspole mem ent
ohe odprle
fin an elotuic elol ininGnsity Eancd t
make Can angl wTf Electui hield, eor
LE pESin
WosK dence
duo T de

do pEsin de
PE Sin d e

-0=E pe(-cos)
p Cos )nVor

13 what S E/ectue lunt


u Lwnit
Undexwhat OnoliGen (un 's soid b
Ue -Ve
y auss hrocerm
Sal 7.d e
salesha
nel electic u htou9
lma h e nek elha
's Z
SU/ate
n:osdby he clased

le a chage blaceol al Cenbu 0 o


sphere Kaodus 8pheu be Y,thsn m0gnitud
Elecheie eld

TEo
Elctdie lox 8phues elswoleo ns

Small QHeas le us Consid eltm enf.


a La dS andd angl beluween a n d ds

So electun lu
deEd
Eds Cos
E ds :Cos=1)
Valut

d de , ds
4TEo
Net un
6 ds cos
ds cos O
yTeo
2
ds
2 asios qreo 2
s Obtaui eepuession
On the fnGnstuy
electwicPld due inea hang olisbbuien
oSUwbuitn
by usin wssou
Gnsfalen thin we dengli a
Cwa Thus
9:4
Cen &ide poin+ P at a d'stamce
lel ds- aenoimal fs
en&uo aP.
Eltai{ux
Ede
E ds Cos QS
d s Cos
E dds

TY 2 E Al
f n exþHCS&10 inlen tiby clulu
el u unigem /nfenC blan h i
plan

CBns'des an infinib shu! 7 chonsp2


S s tofaSudauaua He

7 aussian
Sufas me illbe yunduvel zhel
SS2 and S
todal eluti
ds Eds Eads
e3
fhng belöen norma t S in th drn

9s3

Pngls bksas SandSa u


Eds t Cds 2eds
d s coi o
2 ds
also de
DATE
PAGE

ES

EoS
S 9 S
&EoSs

lectc elo
neMDLLLKen
Chaxgpol Cs
Gnt nsi by
Sphewca shell
dutidetha spheucal cell
spheuca/ Cell
b Jnsiollu

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