X ICSE Practical

Subject: Chemistry.
Salt analysis
Experiment number 7
Analyze the salt S7 and identify the cation and anion present in it.
1. Note the colour and appearance of the salt.
2. Check the solubility of the salt in water.
3. Conduct dry heating.
4. To a small portion of the salt, add one or two drops of Conc.H2SO4. Then warm it gently.
5. To a pinch of the salt in another test tube, add Conc.H2SO4 and MnO2.
6. Prepare the solution of the salt in water and add silver nitrate solution. Give your
observation.
7. To a little of the salt add caustic soda solution, then heat it strongly. A glass rod is dipped
in conc. HCl is brought near the mouth of the above test tube.
8. Conduct flame test.

No Experiment Observation Inference

1 The Colour and appearance of the salt are Colourless crystalline Presence of Na+, K+,
noted. salt. Ca2+, Zn2+ , NH4+

Soluble in water. Maybe Na+, K+, Ca2+,

2 The solubility of the salt is checked in water Zn2+.

On heating the salt

3 The salt is heated in a dry test tube. dissociates, colourless
gas is evolved. On A sublimable salt.
NH4Cl ⇌ NH3 + HCl cooling, the white Maybe ammonium
fumes condense on the Chloride.
sides of the test tube.

A colourless pungent-
smelling gas is
evolved, which gives The gas is hydrogen
4 The salt is warmed with Conc. H2SO4. dense white fumes Chloride.
with a glass rod dipped
in ammonia solution.

Greenish-yellow gas is
5 A little of the salt is warmed with conc. evolved. Gas is chlorine.
H2SO4 and a pinch of MnO2. Salt may be a
chloride.

A white precipitate is The presence of

6 Make a solution of the salt in water and formed. chloride ion was
added silver nitrate solution. confirmed.
 The gas evolved is
7 A little of the salt is heated with caustic soda A colourless pungent ammonia. The
solution. odour gas is evolved presence of
which gives dense ammonium ion was
NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O + NH3 white fumes with a confirmed.
glass rod dipped in
concen. HCl.

8 Conduct flame test No characteristic Absence of Na+, K+,

colour. Ca2+,

Result: The cation is Ammonium ion and anion is chloride ion.

The salt S7 is Ammonium chloride.