IELTS Kick-start

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UNIT 3 HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH & HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

A. GRAMMAR
1. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)
1.1. Cách sử dụng

-> Mô tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra.

I have just met him on the street.

-> Mô tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ khi

không biết rõ hoặc không muốn đề cập đến thời
gian chính xác hành động xảy ra.
Is your mom home? – No, she has gone to
the supermarket. (She is not home now).

-> Mô tả kết quả của hành động cho tới thời

điểm nói.

I have watched Squid Game all day

today.

-> Mô tả số lần mà một hành động xảy ra (lần 1,

lần 2, lần 3,…) hoặc chưa bao giờ xảy ra.
This is the first time I have attended
an online BTS fan-meeting.

This is the first/second/third… time + S + have + V(p2)

-> Mô tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần

trong quá khứ.
I have visited this pagoda many
times.
1.2. Công thức chung
Công thức chung với động từ to-be
S (+) (-) Yes / No Qs Wh- Qs
TH I I have been … I haven’t been … Have I been …? Wh- have I been?
đặc biệt -> Yes, you have. /

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No, you haven’t.

YOU Have

WE You/We/They/Ns +
been …?
Chủ THEY You/We/They/ You/We/They/Ns Wh- have
-> Yes,
ngữ Ns + have been + haven’t been You/We/They/Ns +
You/We/They/Ns
số nhiều … … been …?
N (số have. / No,
nhiều) You/We/They/Ns
haven’t.

HE Has He/She/It/N +
Chủ been …? Wh- has
SHE He/She/It/N + He/She/It/N +
ngữ -> Yes, He/She/It/N He/She/It/N + been
IT has been … hasn’t been …
số ít has. / No, …?
N (số ít) He/She/It/N hasn’t.

Công thức chung với động từ hành động

S (+) (-) Yes / No Qs Wh- Qs

Have I + V(p2) …?
TH I have + V(p2) I haven’t + V(p2) Wh- have I +
I -> Yes, you have. /
đặc biệt … … V(p2)?
No, you haven’t.
YOU Have
WE You/We/They/ You/We/They/Ns You/We/They/Ns + Wh- have
Chủ ngữ
THEY Ns + have + + haven’t + + V(p2) …? You/We/They/Ns +
số nhiều
V(p2) … V(p2) … -> Yes, you have. / + V(p2) …?
N (số
No, you haven’t.
nhiều)

HE Has He/She/It/N + +
He/She/It/N + V(p2) …? Wh- has
Chủ ngữ SHE He/She/It/N +
hasn’t + V(p2) -> Yes, He/She/It/N He/She/It/N + +
số ít IT has + V(p2) …
… has. / No, V(p2) …?
N (số ít) He/She/It/N hasn’t.

1.3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

Dấu hiệu Ý nghĩa Ví dụ
Since + mốc Kể từ (khoảng thời gian I have known her since last month.
thời gian nào) She has worked on this project since last week.
My father has been in the garden since 8 am.
We haven’t talked to each other since we first met.
For + khoảng Trong một khoảng thời She has been a teacher for 5 years.
thời gian gian (và bây giờ vẫn còn

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tiếp tục) They have known each other for 3 weeks.

We haven’t talked to each other for ages.
Already Đã làm gì xong I have already cooked dinner.
Ever Đã từng Have you ever visited Hoa Lo Prison?
Never Chưa từng She has never baked a chocolate cake.
Just Mới / Mới chỉ The artists have just arrived at the airport.
Recently, lately Gần đây, mới đây We haven’t seen any good films recently.
Before Trước kia I have been to Da Lat several times before.
Yet Chưa từng We haven’t met each other yet.
So far, until Cho tới hiện tại, cho tới Only 12 students have passed the exam so far.
now bây giờ
This is the Đây là lần đầu tiên / lần This is the first time we have eaten Mexican food.
first / second, thứ hai tôi…
… time +
Mệnh đề thì
HTHT

1.4. Cách nói ngày tháng

on + the + ngày on + tháng + ngày

(on the 1st, on the 5th) (on June 15th)

at + giờ at around + giờ (giờ khoảng)

(at 5:00 p.m.) (at around 9:00 a.m)

2. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Present perfect continuous)
2.1. Cách sử dụng
- She has been editing the video of Blackpink for 2 hours.
-> Mô tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và
- We have been watching “Emily in Paris” for more than
vẫn đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói.
3 hours.

I am sweating. I have been carrying a very heavy box. -> Mô tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ
và vừa mới kết thúc ngay tại thời điểm nói.

2.2. Công thức chung

S (+) (-) Yes / No Qs Wh- Qs

TH I have been + V- haven’t been + Have I been + V- Wh- have I been +
đặc biệt ing … V-ing … ing …? V-ing …?
I
-> Yes, you have. /
No, you haven’t.
Chủ ngữ YOU You/We/They/Ns You/We/They/ Have Wh- have

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WE You/We/They/Ns
THEY have been + V- Ns haven’t been been + V-ing …? You/We/They/Ns
số nhiều
N (số ing … + V-ing … -> Yes, you have. / been + V-ing …?

nhiều) No, you haven’t.

HE Has He/She/It/N +
He/She/It/N + been + V-ing …? What has
Chủ ngữ SHE He/She/It/N + has
hasn’t been + V- -> Yes, He/She/It/N He/She/It/N + been +
số ít IT been + V-ing …
ing … has. / No, V-ing …?
N (số ít) He/She/It/N hasn’t.

Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Hiện tại hoàn thành Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Nhấn mạnh vào kết quả của hành động Nhấn mạnh vào thời gian thực hiện hành động
I have raised three apple trees. I have been raising apple trees for 3 years.
(Tôi đã trồng được ba cây táo) (Tôi đã trồng táo được 3 năm)

3. Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì quá khứ đơn
Thì quá khứ đơn
action

past present
E.g.: My brother fixed the error in my laptop. (finish fixing, not fix at the moment)
-> Mô tả những hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ và có các mốc thời gian cụ thể (chỉ thời gian trong quá khứ).
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành
action

past present
E.g.: My brother has fixed the error in my laptop. (recent happening)
-> Mô tả kết quả của hành động hoặc những thông tin mới xảy ra, không có mốc thời gian cố định.
B. VOCABULARY
ACTIVITY 1 Complete the sentences below based on the words given.

1. I / arrange / appointment / dentist.

..........................................................................................………….

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2. She / play / tennis / 2 / hour.

……………………………………………………………

3. He / study / for / exam.

……………………….……………………………………

4. He / be / South Korea / twice.

………………………………….…………………………

5. She / go / on / trip / herself.

………………………………………….…………………

6. They / prepare / their / mother’s / birthday party / last week.

……………………………………….……………………

7. We / watch / TV / 4 / hour.
……………………………………….……………………

Exercise 1 Match the words to make meaningful phrases, and then write sentences based on the words
given. Make changes to the phrases if necessary.
put blow out wrapping bouquet of tie
make fruit play sing send

paper games the balloons cupcakes candy

the candles flowers the invitation cards a bow along

1. Tom’s / dad / has / help / us / tie / balloons / to / ceiling. The / birthday / party / ready!
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. After / he / had / make / a / wish, he / blow / out / candles.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I / put / pink / bow / the / birthday / gift / Harper.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I / need / some / wrapping / paper / cover / birthday / present / Minh.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I / spend / last weekend / make / chocolate / cupcake / Anne.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Have / Molly / send / them / invitation / card?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Have / you / ever / receive / bouquet / flower / your / birthday?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. The / kid / want / a / big / box / fruit / candy / as / birthday gift.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Let’s / play / some / game / before / we / start / party.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. At / Lee’s / birthday / party / yesterday, we / dance / and / sing / along / to / our / favorite / songs.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2 Choose the correct option to fill in each blank.
Claudia (1) … a surprise birthday party for her mother. She and her (2) … with their father prepared the (3) …
and ordered a cake. Claudia’s brother – Ron made the arrangements for the snacks, and her sister decorated their
backyard with (4) …. In the evening, all the guests (5) … their house. They hid in the backyard while Claudia’s
mother was on her way home. As the mother reached home, Claudia opened the door and (6) … her mother. She
held her mother’s hand and took her to the backyard. Once they reached the backyard, everyone started (7) …
the birthday song. Claudia’s mother was (8) … and smiled through her cheeks. She hugged Claudia and thanked
everyone for making her day so special.
1. A. organized B. made C. created D. did
2. A. siblings B. workers C. doctors D. parents
3. A. welcome cards B. greeting cards C. invitation cards D. opening cards
4. A. balloons B. balls C. candy D. cakes
5. A. arrived to B. arrived in C. arrived at D. arrived on
6. A. said B. greeted C. waved D. smiled
7. A. screaming B. shouting C. whispering D. singing
8. A. sad B. reluctant C. upset D. surprised
Exercise 3 Each sentence below contains a mistake. Read and correct them.
1. Here is your birthday cake. Made a wish and then blow out the candles.
………………… -> ………………….
2. I receive many birthday gifts from my friends last year.
………………… -> ………………….
3. Olivia had given me a box of chocolate cookies on my last birthday.
………………… -> ………………….
4. Jane’s mom made cupcakes and donuts about her birthday party.
………………… -> ………………….
5. We already have salad and fried chicken for Kent’s birthday party. Did you want to order some pizza?
………………… -> ………………….
6. Have you already given someone a plant as a birthday present?
………………… -> ………………….
7. After we had decorated Linh’s room with balloons, we have practiced a dance for her surprise birthday party.
………………… -> ………………….
8. The best birthday gift that I had ever received from my parents is a pet dog.
………………… -> ………………….
9. There are fifteen candles on cake because it is her 15th birthday.
………………… -> ………………….
10. Jimmy and Bella have bought some colorful papers to make birthday hats.
………………… -> ………………….

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Exercise 4 Write full sentences based on the words given. You cannot change the order of the words. Use
present perfect, present perfect continuous, past simple or past perfect.
1. Yesterday / I / send / my / mum / a / bouquet / flower / her / 40th / birthday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Jennie’s / birthday party / March 9. Have / you / buy / anything / her?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Have / you / receive / Phong’s / birthday / invitation / card?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. My / cousin / give / me / big / birthday / cake / my / 24th / birthday / last month.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Nam / amazed / when / his parents / give / him / new / motorbike / birthday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. I / going / make / chocolate / and / matcha / cookie / give / Laura /as/ birthday gift / for / her.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. How / you / celebrate / your / birthday / last month? – Well, I / have / good / meal / Chinese restaurant / my /
family.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. Because / I / live / abroad, I / have / miss / many / family / gathering.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9. I / so / excited / about / my / birthday / party / next week.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. I / receive / iPhone case / as / birthday / gift / from / Huong / last year.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

C. PRONUNCIATION
PART 1 /e/ and /æ/

E.g.: ten (/ten/) E.g.: tan /tæn/

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Exercise 1: Write the correct word in the blank based on the given pronunciation.

1. ………..…….. 2. …………….. 3. …………….. 4. ……………..

/ʃel/ /ʌnˈhæp.i/ /mæp/ /bed/

5. …………….. 6. ……………. 7. …………….. 8. ……………..

/bred/ /bel/ /bæŋk/ /tent/
Exercise 2: Fill in each blank with one suitable word from the above exercise. You can make changes to
the words if necessary.
1. I went to the ………………………. yesterday to withdraw some money for the trip.
2. Did you hear the ………………………?
3. My son kept some …………………….. as souvenirs of our family trip to My Khe beach, Da Nang.
4. Cara was …………………. because the service at the hotel was bad.
5. We had a wonderful weekend. We traveled to a large campsite, put up a ………………….. and had a
barbecue outside.
6. Do you bring any …………………..? I am so hungry.
7. Yesterday was a nice day. I decided not to stay in ………………… and went out with my friends.
8. They got lost at the Old quarter of Hanoi and they had to use a ……………………. to find the way.
PART 2 /ə/ and /ɜː/

E.g: sofa (/ˈsoʊ.fə/) E.g: first (/fɜːrst/)

Based on each underlined part of each word, sort the words below in the correct category. Then practice
pronouncing the words.
nation banana bird effort word picture fur work
effort search letter early ago answer journey

/ə/: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

/ɜː/: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

D. LISTENING

Do the listening lessons in Unit 5: Dates (Basic Tactics for Listening – p18)

Exercise: You will hear Kate and Jeremy talking about a birthday party. There are seven mistakes in the
dialogue. Listen and correct them. (Track 1)

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Jeremy: Hello?

Kate: Hi, Jeremy. It’s Kate. I’m going to have a party next month. Would you like to come to it?

Jeremy: A party? That’s great. What’s it for?

Kate: It’s my birthday on Wednesday. I’m going to be nineteen.

Jeremy: Oh, dear, I can’t come on Wednesday.

Kate: No, my birthday is on Wednesday, but the party is on Saturday.

Jeremy: Oh, that’s okay. What time will it begin?

Kate: At 7:40.

Jeremy: Right. That should be no problem.

Kate: It’s going to be at London Hotel. Do you know where that is?

Jeremy: Let me think, the London Hotel. No, I don’t.

Kate: Well, it’s near the town hall, on Shindy street.

Jeremy: Could you spell that for me?

Kate: Yeah sure. It’s S-H-I-N-D-Y. Shindy street.

Jeremy: Okay, I can find that. I’ve got a phone. Can I bring anything?

Kate: Well, I need a lot of pencils for a match we are going to play.

Jeremy: Okay, I’ll bring some pencils.

Kate: Thanks, see you there.

1. ………… -> ………… 5. ………… -> …………

2. ………… -> ………… 6. ………… -> …………

3. ………… -> ………… 7. ………… -> …………

4. ………… -> …………

E. SPEAKING

Activity 1: Practice speaking (Basic Tactics for Listening - Task 1 – page 21) with your partner.
Activity 2: Watch the videos and answer the following questions.

1. What did Mark give George at the beginning of the video?

2. What was Mark’s favorite game?

3. Can you name some of the food that the children had?

4. How many candles were there on the cake that George’s dad made for him?

5. What song did they sing?

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6. What did Mark give George as a birthday present?

Activity 3: Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.
IELTS Speaking Part 1 – Suggested question and answer
Sample 1
Question: What did you do on your last birthday?
Answer: Honestly, I (be) ……………… very busy with my work then, so I (not do) ……………… much on my
last birthday. I (come) ……………… home earlier than usual, (go) ……………… to the supermarket with my
mom to prepare a meal. After having the meal with my family, some of my close friends came over my house
and they (hold) ……………… a surprise party for me. We had some red wine and enjoyed the birthday cake
together. It was quite a simple party but it (mean) ……………… so much to me.
Sample 2
Question: Whose birthday do you always remember?
Answer: Well, I (be) ……………… a person who tend to forget things, especially dates but honestly, I am sure
that I will never forget my mom’s birthday, which (be) ……………… on December 10. To me, she is not just
my mom, she is a soulmate and a true heroine. Ever since I (be) ……………… a high school student, I ………..
always (try) ………… to give her a surprise on her birthday, maybe it’s a meal at a restaurant or a sweater. I’m
happy to see her smile on this special occasion.
Useful expressions

Cách hỏi tổ chức một bữa tiệc như thế nào

Câu hỏi: How do / does Sb + celebrate + một dịp lễ? How do you celebrate your birthday / the New
Year’s Eve / Christmas?

Probably I have my friends over / cook something

Câu trả lời:
special,… to enjoy the occasion.
Maybe / Probably, + I have Sb over / cook Sth
special / invite Sb to come over / meet Sb … to enjoy
the occasion.

 Cách mô tả hành động tặng ai cái gì

To give Sb Sth I gave Thomas a pair of shoes on his birthday.

Useful vocabulary

to sing along (v) hát theo family gathering (v) sự sum họp gia đình

to make a wish (v) ước a bouquet of flowers (n) bó hoa

to book Sth (v) đặt cái gì fizzy drink (n) đồ uống có ga

major life events (n) các sự kiện quan trọng to blow out the candles thổi nến
trong đời (v)

to make a cake in the làm bánh theo hình thù wrapping paper (n) giấy gói quà
shape of Sth (v) của cái gì

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to come over / to have đến nhà chơi / qua nhà Sth to mean so much to cái gì rất có ý nghĩa với
sb over (v) sb ai

surprise party (n) bữa tiệc bất ngờ special occasion (n) dịp đặc biệt

to do Sth in advance (v) làm cái gì trước birthday invitation (n) thiệp mời sinh nhật

HOMEWORK

Exercise 1: Read out loud the passage below.

Ben and Tess are in the garden. Sam and Pam can see lots of balloons and presents. Sam and Pam think that Ben
and Tess look funny! Tess is wearing a pretty fairy dress and Ben has a superhero costume on!
In the garden there are men, women, babies and lots of happy children. The space spies hide in the bushes. Pam
can see three princesses in pink dresses.
“One, two, three,” counts Pam.
Sam can spy two fairies, “One, two.” and three superheroes, “One, two, three.”
“Wow! There are lots of big boxes.” “Birthday presents!” whispers Pam to Sam.
It was time for the yummy tea party! The children ate sandwiches, cherry tomatoes, crisps, strawberries and
cherries. Sam counts the candles on the birthday cake. There are seven.
“Happy birthday to you, Happy birthday to you, Happy birthday dear Tess, Happy birthday to you!”
Exercise 2: Answer the questions below.

1. When is your birthday?

2. How do you like to celebrate your birthday?

3. What is your best birthday memory?

4. What is your worst birthday memory?

5. Have you ever had a surprise birthday party for yourself or someone else?

6. What is the best birthday gift you have ever received?

7. What is the worst birthday gift you have ever received?

8. Did your parents give you birthday parties when you were a child?

9. What kind of gift do you usually prepare for your friend's birthday? Your mother’s? What about for other
family members?

10. What present would you like for your next birthday?

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