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MA MTESOL, VICTORIA UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE ( Thì hiện tại đơn)

A. CÁCH DÙNG:

✓ Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả:

1. Diễn tả hành động, hoặc sự vật, sự việc có thật ở hiện tại.

Eg: Ha Noi is the capital of Viet Nam. ( Hà Nội là thủ đô của Việt Nam.)

2. Diễn tả thói quen lặp đi , lặp lại ở hiện tại

Eg: I go to school from Monday to Friday. ( Tôi đi học từ thứ 2 đến thứ 6.)

3. Diễn tả lịch trình tàu xe

Eg: The train from Ha Noi to Lao Cai starts at 9 p.m ( Chuyến tàu từ Hà Nội đến Lào Cai
khởi hành lúc 9 giờ tối.)

4. Diễn tả chân lí,sự thật hiển nhiên

Eg: The Earth goes around the Sun. ( Trái Đất xoay quanh mặt trời.)

B. DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT:

a. Trạng từ chỉ tần suất ( đứng sau "to be" am/is/are & đứng trước "to V"động từ
thường)

Stt Trạng từ tần suất Nghĩa

1. Always luôn luôn
2. Usually thường xuyên
3. Often thường thường
4. Sometimes thỉnh thoảng
5. Seldom
Barely hiếm khi
Rarely

6. Hardly hầu như không

7. Ever đã từng
8. Never không bao giờ
 b. Trạng từ chỉ định mức (thường đứng đầu-cuối câu)

day (ngày)
Every ( hằng) week ( tuần)
+ month (tháng)
Each ( cứ mỗi) year (năm)
decade (thập kỷ)
century (thế kỷ)

Eg: I go to school every day. ( Tôi tới trường hàng ngày.)

We have a test each month. ( Chúng tôi có 1 bài kiểm tra mỗi tháng.)

a day (ngày)
Once ( 1 lần ) a week ( tuần)
Twice ( 2 lần ) + a month (tháng)
Three times ( 3 lần ) a year (năm)
…………………… a decade (thập kỷ)
a century (thế kỷ)

Eg: I brush my teeth twice a day. ( Tôi đánh răng 2 lần 1 ngày.)

C. CÔNG THỨC:

Notes: Các thành phần trong câu:

• S: là chủ ngữ của câu, thường đứng đầu câu và là: I/He/She/It/ N số ít
You/We/They/N số nhiều
Tên riêng

• V: là động từ (từ chỉ hoạt động), làm vị ngữ trong

câu.Có 2 loại động từ: Động từ Tobe (am/is/are)
Động từ thường. (eg:play, see,…)

• Adj: là tính từ (chỉ tính chất, cảm xúc).

- Tính từ thường đứng trước danh từ để tạo thành danh từ ghép.
Eg: A good student. ( 1 học sinh giỏi.)
Adj N
- Tính từ đứng sau động từ “Tobe”.
 Eg: I am hungry. ( Tôi đói.)
be Adj
• Adv: là trạng từ ( từ chỉ trạng thái, cách thức.)
- Trạng từ thường đứng ngay sau động từ để bổ nghĩa cho động từ.
Eg: I run quickly. ( Tôi chạy nhanh.)
S V Adv

• O: là tân ngữ, đứng sau động từ thường để chỉ đối tượng bị tác động bởi chủ ngữ.
Tân ngữ thường là danh từ (N) hoặc đại từ tân ngữ ( me, her, him, us, them, you, it)
Eg: He watches television once a day.
V O

1. Công thức với động từ To Be (am/is/are):

(+) Câu khẳng định:

I am

She/ He/ It/ N ít + is + Adj / N.

They/ You/ We/ N nhiều are

Eg: I am a student. ( Tôi là 1 học sinh.)

be N
She is beautiful. ( Cô ấy thì xinh đẹp.)
be Adj

( - ) Câu phủ định:

I am

She/ He/ It/ N ít + is + not + Adj / N.

They/ You/ We/ N nhiều are

Eg: They are not doctors. ( Họ không phải là những bác sĩ.)
be N
He is not tall ( Anh ấy không cao.)
be adj
 Notes: is not = isn’t
are not = aren’t

(?) Câu nghi vấn:

Hỏi:

Am I

Is + He/ She/ It/ N ít + Adj / N ?

Are You/ We/ They/ N nhiều

Trả lời:

Yes, I am. (Đúng rồi.)

No, I am not. (Không phải.)

Yes, She/ He/ It/ N ít + is . (Đúng rồi.)

No, She/ He/ It/N ít + isn’t. (Không phải.)

Yes, You/ We/ They/ N nhiều + are. (Đúng rồi.)

No, You/ We/ They/ N nhiều + aren’t. (Không phải.)

Eg: Are you tired? – Yes, I am. ( Bạn mệt phải không- Đúng vậy.)
S ad
 2. Công thức với động từ thường.

(+) Câu khẳng định:

I/ You/ We/ They/ N nhiều V nguyên thể

+ + O.
He/ She/ It/ N ít V(s,es)

Eg: I play volleyball every Sunday. (Tôi chơi bóng chuyền mỗi chủ nhật hàng tuần.)
She plays volleyball every Sunday. ( Cô ấy chơi bóng chuyền chủ nhật hàng tuần.)

( - ) Câu phủ định: (not …)

I/ You/ We/ They/ N nhiều don’t

+ + V nguyên thể + O.
He/ She/ It/ N ít doesn’t

Eg: They don’t go to school on Sunday. ( Họ không đi học vào ngày chủ nhật.)
Nam doesn’t go to school on Sunday. ( Nam không đi học vào chủ nhật.)

(?) Câu nghi vấn:

Hỏi: Do I/You/We/They/N nhiều

+ + V nguyên thể + O ?
Does He/ She/ It/ N ít

Trả lời:

I/ You/ We/ They/ N nhiều do

➢ Yes, +
He/ She/ It/ N ít does

I/ You/ We/ They/ N nhiều don’t

➢ No, +
He/ She/ It/ N ít doesn’t

Eg: Do you often play chess? ( Bạn có thường chơi cờ vua không?)
- Yes, I do. (Có)
 Does he often play chess? ( Anh ấy có thường chơi cờ vua không?)
- No, he doesn’t. ( Không)

Notes: do not = don’t

does not = doesn’t

❖ Cách thêm" s/ es"-với ngôi thứ 3 số ít (He /She/It /N ít) khi câu ở dạng khẳng
định:

Cách thêm S/ ES
1. Thông thường, ta thêm "s" vào cuối Eg: play --> plays
động từ thường. come --> comes
2. Thêm "es" khi V kết thúc là: Eg: go --> goes
O, CH, X, S, SH + ES watch --> watches

3. Với V tận cùng là "Y", trước Y là 1 Eg: marry --> marries

phụ âm --> IES

Nếu trước “y” là nguyên âm -> ta play -> plays (plaies)

chỉ thêm “s”

*LƯU Ý:
• Nguyên âm: u / e / o / a / i (uể oải)
• Phụ âm: tất cả những chữ cái còn lại (q,r,t,p,s,d,f,g,h,k,l,z,x,c,v,b,n,m)
Exercise 1: Fill in: “is”, “am”, “are”:

Exercise 2: Write the correct verb form:

Exercise 3: Write the correct verb form:
1. This (be) ______________ Lan’s mother.
2. Her name (be) ______________ Hang.
3. She (be) ______________39 years old.
4. She (be) ______________ a doctor at Bach Mai hospital.
5. She (be) ______________ a student at Le Loi Secondary School.
6. Today, the weather (be, not) ______________ nice. It (be) ______________ rainy and cold.
7. The dog (be) ______________ faster than the cat.
8. These schoolbags (be) ______________ Lan’s and Hoa’s.
9. Huong’s classroom (be) ______________ on the second floor.
10. Your house (be) ______________ in Da Mai.
11. I (be not) ______________a student. I (be) ______________ a nurse.
12. They (be not) ______________ her father and mother.
13. The doctors (be not) ______________ in the room.
14. Their classroom (be not) ______________ on the fourth floor.
15. Hung’s house (be not) ______________on Tran Phu street.
16. These (be not) ______________ her father’s books
17. Huong (be not) ______________ in class 7A. Her teacher (be not) ______________ Mr. Tien.
18. Those flowers (be) ______________ picked to decorate the house.
19. My house (be not) ______________ far from my school. It (be) ______________ quite near.
20. Tung’s father (be not) ______________ having lunch at home.

Exercise 4: Write the correct verb form:

Exercise 5: Write the correct verb form:

1. I (listen) ______________to music every night.

2. They (go) ______________to school every day.
3. We (get) ______________ up at 5 every morning.
4. You (live) ______________ in a big city.
5. Nga and Lan (brush) ______________ their teeth.
6. Nam and Ba (wash) ______________ their face.
7. I (have) ______________ breakfast every morning.
8. Na (have) ______________ breakfast at 6 o’clock.
9. Every morning, Ba (get) ________________ up.
10. He (brush) ______________ his teeth.
11. Then he (wash) ______________ his face.
12. Next he (have) ______________ breakfast.
13. Finally, he (go) ______________ to school.
14. Nga (do) ______________ homework every day.
15. Linh never (watch) ______________ television at night.
16. She often (miss) ______________ her parents.
17. He always (study) ______________ English.
18. Loan often (have) ______________ dinner at 7pm.
19. I often (have) ______________ dinner at 6 pm.
 20. They always (do) ______________ homework at 2 pm.
21. You (watch) ______________ movies at 8.30 every day.
22. We (study) ______________English on Mondays.
23. Hoa (have) ______________ English on Tuesdays.
24. Lan (open) ______________ the door.
25. Hoa (close) ______________ the window.
26. The teacher (come) ______________in
27. The students (stand) ______________ up.
28. They (sit) _________ down.
29. My father (live) ______________ in a big city.
30. Your friend (go) _________ home at 4 pm.
31. Nam’s father (get) _______ up at 4 o’clock.
32. Hoa (go) _________ to school by bus.
33. This (be) ____________ Mai. She (be) __________twelve years old. She (be) ________a student.
She (live) _______in a big city. She (be) _______ in grade 6. She (get) ______________up at 6
o’clock every morning. She (wash) _________ her face at 6.10. She (have) ______________
breakfast at 6.15. She (go) __________ to school at 6.30.
Exercise 6: Circle “don’t” or “doesn’t”:

1. I (don’t / doesn’t) like chicken.

2. My sister (don’t / doesn’t) eat pasta.
3. You (don’t / doesn’t) buy apples.
4. The dog (don’t / doesn’t) bark.
5. My mum (don’t / doesn’t) read comics.
6. Anna (don’t / doesn’t) go to school on Sundays.
7. Cows (don’t / doesn’t) live in the sea.
8. They (don’t / doesn’t) play football.
9. My cat (don’t / doesn’t) chase mice.
10. Her friend (don’t / doesn’t) speak English.
11. This man (don’t / doesn’t) smoke.
 12. It (don’t / doesn’t) run very fast
Exercise 7: Write the correct verbs in negative sentences:

1. Ali and Abu (not like) ______________ to play football every evening.
2. She (not love) ______________ to cook her own breakfast.
3. He (not fancy) ______________ waking up early.
4. They (not go) ______________to school if it is raining.
5. We (not eat) ______________ at the restaurant on Sundays.
6. I ( not have ) ______________ breakfast at 5.30 a.m.
7. You (not do) ______________ exercise
8. It (not have) ______________ a nice colour on its fur.
9. Alicia (not get) ______________ up at 7 a.m. everyday except Sunday.
10. Ah Hong (not cut) ______________his hair at his mother’s salon.
11. Devi (not watch) ______________TV during weekdays.
12. Dania (not play) ______________video games from Monday to Friday.
13. Michael and Marcus (not play) ______________video games together.
14. Mr. Pui (not drive) ____________from Bintulu to Belaga every Sunday.
15. Madam Azizah (not sell) ____________ her wonton noodles every weekend.
Exercise 8: Write the underlined verb in negative form:

Exercise 9: Circle the correct word:

Exercise 10: Write the correct verb form:

Exercise 11: Write the question forms of the sentences:

1. your grandmother the phone? (answer)
2. your parents TV in the afternoon? (watch)
3. your teacher your homework? (check)
4. they in the old house? (live)
5. Sarah and Linda their pets? (feed)
6. Garry and Ken a cup of tea in the afternoon? (have)
7. the cat on the wall in the mornings? (sit)
8. Andy the shopping? (do)
9. Nina computer games? (play)
10. you mineral water? (drink)

Exercise 12: Write the question and negations forms of the sentences:
Exercise 12A: Write the question and negations forms of the sentences:

1. Tom lives in England.

Tom doesn’t live in England.
Does Tom live in England?
2. Susan teaches chemistry at a secondary school.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. You like playing computer games.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. John and Sue work in a café.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. We do the shopping on Saturdays.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. The babies cry all the time.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. He does his homework every evening.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8. Joan washes her hair every day.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 14: Write the correct verb forms:
Question 1 : The earth __________(go) around the sun.
Question 2 : Angela usually __________(leave) for work at 8:00 A.M.
Question 3 : Liz __________(get up) at 6 o’clock every morning.
Question 4 : In the summer, John often __________(play) tennis once or twice a week.
Question 5 : What time __________you usually __________ (get) home after work?
Question 6 : The swimming pool __________(open) at 9:00 and __________(close) at 6:30 every day.
Question 7 : Every year I __________(visit) Britain to improve my English.
Question 8 : In the United State, elementary education is compulsory. All children __________(study)
six years of elementary school.
Child (N số ít): một đứa trẻ
Children (N số nhiều): những đứa trẻ
Question 9 : I __________(not like) feel going to the library to study this afternoon.
Question 10 : American people usually __________(have) their biggest meal in the evening.
People (N số nhiều): mọi người
Question 11 : - Can you tell me when the train for HCM city __________(leave)? - In fifteen minutes.
At 7.05.
Question 12 : Of course, you are Lisa, aren’t you? I_________(recognize) you now.
Question 13 : I can see from what you say that your mornings are very busy! But what you (do)_____in
the afternoons?
Question 14 : Before our director_ __________(come back), I __________(want) to remind everyone
that we should not use the internet on personal purposes.
Question 15 : - Are you writing to him now?
- Yes, I always __________(write) to him on his birthday. __________you __________(want)
to send any message?
- Certainly.
Question 16 : Mum __________ (wash) the car once a week.
Question 17 : Children usually __________ (like) ice cream..
Question 18 : __________ you __________(know) the way to the lake?
Question 19 : Bob __________ (study) French on Saturdays.
Question 20 : He __________ (not visit) his friends every day.
Exercise 15: Write the correct verb forms:
1. She (walk)___________ to school every morning.
2. They (learn) ___________________ how to use the lawnmower in their free time.
3. Linda (go) ______________to the supermarket to buy some sugar.
4. Sometimes I (feel) _________________________ really lazy to do anything.
5. Phong and I (study) _________________________ English in my room.
6. I often (have) ____________________ breakfast at 7 am at home.
7. She (do)_________________ aerobics every morning to keep fit.
8. Nga (like) __________________playing basketball very much.
9. What time you (have) _____________________lunch every day?
10. She (not have) __________________ any pen, so I lend her one.
11.They ______________ (play) football and basketball at school.
12.My father ______________ (read) the newspaper every morning.
13.We ______________ (have) English, Maths and Science on Monday.
14.She never ______________ (do) her homework.
15.I ______________ (not go) swimming twice a week.
16.Cars ______________ (be) more expensive than motorbikes.
17.Jane always ______________ (have) breakfast at 6 o’clock.
18 He usually ______________ (watch) TV after dinner.
19.London ______________ (be) a very big country.
20. I _____________ (be) a student and my parents ___________ (be) teachers.
Exercise 14: Write the correct verb forms:
1. Nurses and doctors __________ (work) in hospitals.
2. This schoolbag __________ (belong) to Jim.
3. __________ the performance __________ (begin) at 7pm?
4. Sometimes, I __________ (get) up before the sun (rise)
5. Whenever she __________ (be), in trouble, she __________ (call) me for help.
6. Dogs __________ (have) eyesight than human.
7. She __________ (speak) four different languages.
8. The Garage Sale __________ (open) on 2nd of August and __________ (finish) on 4th of October.
9. She __________ (be) a great teacher.
10. When she _________ (wake up) every morning?
11. I _______ (go) fishing with my father every weekend.
12. James often __________ (skip). breakfast.
13. I rarely __________ (do) morning exercises.
14. My cousin __________ (not have) a driving lesson once a week.
15. My father and I often __________ (play) football with each other.
Exercise 16: Circle the correct answer:
1. My father__________ a teacher. He works in a hospital.
A. is B.isn't C.are D. aren’t
2.1 __________ rock music but my brothers doesn’t like it.
A. likes B. likes C. don’t like D. doesn’t like l
3. Workers always __________ helmet for safety reason.
A. wears B. wear C. don’t wear D. doesn’t wear
4. I don’t like chocolate. T __________ eat it.
A. never B. often C. always D. usually
5. My classmates __________ lazy. They always do their homework.
A. are B.is C. aren’t D.isn’t it
6. My grandfather __________ fishing very often
A. goes B.go C. don’t go D.is
7. ________________ tidy your room?
A. How often are you
B. How often do you
C. How often you
D. How often does you
8. Ms Thuy waters the trees _______ a week.
A. once B. one C. two D. one time
9. What __________ your nationality? I am Vietnamese.
A. is B. are C.do D. does
10. I really love making models and my brother __________ it too.
A. love B. loves C. don’t love D. doesn’t love
11. The Smiths never __________ to their neighbors
A. talk B. talks C. don’t talk D. doesn’t talk
12. My sister __________ how to swim.
A. don’t know B. doesn’t know C.don’t knows D. not know.
13. My teacher __________ very kind. We really like her.
A.is B.isn’t C. are D. aren’t
14. Sometimes a rainbow __________ after the rain.
A. appear B.appears C. not appear D. doesn’t appears
15. The train __________ at 6 am tomorrow.
A. leaves B.leave C. is leave D. don’t leave

_The end_