Input and output devices

Submitted to Mam Aneeba

Submitted by Seeva Ram

Class bs.c Botany

Roll no.0132-bh-bot-19

Assignment CA

Topic. input and output devices

Input devices

Define.
An device which is used for sending data to in a computer is called
an input device.
e.g keyboard and mouse
Details.
There are many devices which are used to send data in a
computer or we can say that an input device is a piece of
hardware used to provide data to a computer used for intraction
and control.It allows input of raw data to the computer for
processing .Here some input devices used in computer and other
computing devices.
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Microphone
 Digital camera
 Scanner
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Input and output devices
 Touch screen
 Barcode reader
 Webcam
 Biometric device
 Stylus

Hence these are all of devices of computer which used as a

input.

Keyboard.
It is an input device that allow person to enter letters,numbers
and other symbols.

It is a primary device to used to enter text.

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Mouse.
It is a handheld hardware input device that
controls a cursor in a GUI (graphical user
interface) and can move and
select text, icons, files, and folders on your
computer.

For desktop computers, the mouse is placed

on a flat surface (e.g. mouse pad or desk) in
front of your computer. The picture is an
example of a desktop computer mouse with
two button.

Microphone.
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Input and output devices
Sometimes abbreviated as mic, a microphone is
a hardware peripheral and input device originally
invented by Emile Berliner in 1877, A microphone
allows computer users to input audio into their
computers. The picture is an example of Blue
Microphone Yeti USB microphone - silver
edition and an example of a high-quality computer
microphone..

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Digital camera.
it is a hardware device that takes
photographs and stores the image as data
on a memory card. Unlike an analog
camera, which exposes the chemicals on
film to light, a digital camera uses digital
optical components to register the
intensity and color of light, and converts it
into pixel data. Many digital cameras are
capable of recording video in addition to
taking photos. The picture is of
a Casio QV-R62 with 6-
megapixel resolution, an example of a
typical digital camera.

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scanner.
 When referring to hardware, a scanner or optical
scanner is a hardware input devices that optically
"reads" and image and converts it into a digital signal.
For example, a scanner may be used to convert a
printed picture, drawing, or document into a digital
file which can be edited on a computer. The picture
shows an example of a flatbed scanner, the Epson
V300.

Touch screen.
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Input and output devices
A touch screen is a display device that allows
the user to interact with a computer by using
their finger or stylus. They're a useful
alternative to a mouse or keyboard for
navigating a GUI (graphical user interface).
Touch screens are used on a variety of devices,
such as computer and laptop
displays, smartphones tablets cash registers,
and information kiosks

Touch screen history

The idea of a touch screen was first described and published by E.A. Johnson
in 1965. In the early 1970s, the first touch screen was developed
by CERN engineers Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe. The physical product was
first created and utilized in 1973. The first resistive touch screen was
developed by George Samuel Hurst in 1975 but wasn't produced and used
until 1982.

What computers support a touch screen?

Today, all PCs support the ability to have a touch screen, and most laptop
computers allow users running Microsoft Windows 10 to use a touch screen.
Also, many all-in-one computers are capable of using a touch screen.
Computer manufacturers with products that have touch screens
include Acel, Del, HP, Lenvo, Microsoft, and other PC manufacturers.

There are also some high-end Google Chromebooks  with touch screens.

However, to help keep the costs lower, many Chromebooks do not have
touch screensA single touch or tap on the screen with a finger opens an app

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or select an object. When compared to a traditional computer, a tap is the
same as clicking with a mouse.

Double-tap - A double-tap can have different functions depending on where

it is utilized. For example, in a browser, double-tapping the screen zooms the
view, centered at the tap location. Double-tapping in a text editor can be used
to select a word .

Why is a touch screen an input device?

Any computer device (including a touch screen) that takes input from the
person operating the device is considered an input device. The way you use
your finger on a touch screen is very similar to how you use a computer m.

How is a touch screen different than a

mouse?
A computer mouse and touch screen have many similarities. Many of them
are mentioned in the how do you use the touch screen section above.

One of the most significant differences between a mouse and a touch screen
is the ability to hover. Almost all touch screens can only detect input when
your finger is in direct contact with the screen. However, a computer mouse
uses a cursor that allows the user to view information by moving the pointer
over an object, but not clicking on it. For example, this link to Computer
Hope shows the text "Visit the Computer Hope Page" when hovered over
using a computer mouse. However, a user with a touch screen cannot see this
text because if they place their finger on the link

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Why are touch screens used?

Below are the reasons a manufacturer may decide to use a touch screen,
instead of another input method, such as physical buttons.

1. Touch screens are intuitive, especially to younger generations of users.

2. Having one touch screen instead of several buttons can make a device smaller.

3. Cheaper to design and manufacture a device with one screen instead of on with a
screen and buttons

Resistive
A resistive touch screen is coated with a metallic electrically
conductive and resistive layer that detects the pressure of your finger or
another object. This technology is often a more affordable solution when
compared to capacitive, but can be damaged by sharp objects touching
the screen.

Surface acoustic wave

A SAW (surface acoustic wave) or surface wave touch screen sends
ultrasonic waves and detects when the screen is touched by registering
changes in the waves. This technology is more advanced than the other two,
but does not work with hard materials that do not absorb the pulse and can be
affected by outside elements.
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Infrared
Infrared touch screens utilize a matrix of infrared beams that are transmitted
by LEDs with a phototransistor receiving end. When a finger or other object
is near the display, the infrared beam is blocked. That interruption gives the
device input to where your finger or another object is positioned.

Do touch screens have a keyboard?

To input letters and numbers, touch screens utilize a virtual keyboard that
allows the user to tap the virtual keys with their finger. Also, devices like
smartphones and tablets have voice recognition that can be used to input
information into the device.

Is it "touch screen," "touchscreen," or

"touch-screen"?
In all forms of writing, touch screen and touchscreen are both valid spellings.
If used as an adjective, the word may be hyphenated, e.g "touch-screen.

Barcode reader.
it is a set of lines of different widths and sizes
representing data, that when read help identify the
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scanned object. Barcodes are often used to help organize and
index information or prices about an object. Barcodes used
by the U.S. postal service that helps speed the delivery of
mail is another perfect example of how a barcode could be
used. The picture is an example of what a barcode of an
address

Webca
it is a camera that connects to a computer. It captures
either still picturesor motion video and with the aid of
software, can transmit its video on
the Internet in realtime. The picture is of
a Logitech Webcam C270, an example of a webcam.

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Biometric device.
When referring to computers and security, biometrics is
the identification of a person by the measurement of
their biological features. For example, a user identifying
themselves to a computer or building by their fingerprint
or voice is considered a biometrics identification. When
compared to a password, this type of system is much
more difficult to fake since it is unique to the person.
Other common methods of a biometrics scan are a
person's face, hand, iris, and retina.

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Types of biometric devices

Below is a listing of all known biometric devices that may
be used to input biometric data into a computer.

 Face scanner - Biometric face scanners identify a person by taking

measurements of a person's face. For example, the distance between the

person's chin, eyes (interpupillary distance nose, and mouth. These types

of scanners can be very secure assuming they are smart enough to

distinguish between a picture of a person and a real person. See

our facial recognitionpage for further information on this term.

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 Hand scanner - Like your fingerprint, the palm of your hand is also

unique to you. A biometric hand scanner will identify the person by the

palm of their hand.

 Finger scanner - Like the picture shown on this page, a biometric finger

scanner identifies the person by their fingerprint. These can be a secure

method of identifying a person. However, cheap and less sophisticated

fingerprint scanners can be duped several ways. For example, in the show

Myth Busters, they were able to fake a fingerprint using a Gummy Bear candy

treat.

 Retina scanner or iris scanner - A biometric retina or iris scanner identifies a

person by scanning the iris or retina of their eyes. These scanners are more

secure biometric authentication schemes when compared to the other devices

because there is no known way to duplicate the retina or iris..

Stylus.
n computing, a stylus is an instrument shaped like a
pen, designed to be used with graphics tablets or devices
that use touch screen input. It is used to write or draw on
a screen, similar to how you would on a sheet of paper.
Unlike a pen, styluses have a plastic or felt tip depending
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on its purpose and functionality. The picture example
shows the Palm Z22 stylu

Types

 Digital input
 Analog input
 Singnal input
 Signal converter

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Some input devices are handled directly by user to enter data

and send command.Some user may prefer more specilised
input devices for certain task.

Audio and video input devices

Modern computer and mobiles also include input devicesdesig
for capturing audio and video.Many contains camera and
external microphone.

Scientific and industrial input devices

More specialized application often call for more specialized
input devices.For example microscope and telescope can be
connected with computer.

 Output devices
Define
An output device is a piece of computer hardware that
converts information into readable form.
e.g Moniter and printer
Details.
Some of the ouput devices are visual display units.
A new type of it developed these days known as speech
synthesizer.
 Computer speaker
 Headpone
 Projector
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Input and output devices
 GPS
 Sound card
 Video card
 CD and DVD
 Actuotor
 Plotters
 Printers
 Moniters

Speakers.
 A computer speaker is
an output hardware device that connects to a
computer to generate sound. The signal used to
produce the sound that comes from a computer
speaker is created by the computer's sound

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Headphone
It is a hardware output device that either
plug into a computer line out or speakers.
Headphones allow you to listen to audio or
watch a movie without disturbing people
around you. The picture is an example of
a USB headset from Logitech.

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Projecter.
is an output device that can take images generated
by a computer or Blu-ray player and reproduce
them by projection onto a screen, wall, or another
surface. In most cases, the surface projected onto
is large and flate.

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GPS.
is a network of satellites that helps users
determine a location on Earth. The thought of
GPS was conceived after the launch of Sputnik
in 1957. In 1964, the TRANSIT system
became operatinal on U.S. Polaris submarines
and allowed for accurate positioning updates.
Later this became available for commercial
use in 1967. The picture shows an example of
the GARMIN nuvi 350, a GPS used to find
locations while driving.

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SOUND CARD.

sound board, or audio card. A sound

card is an expansion card or IC for producing
sound on a computer that can be heard
through speakers or headphones. Although
the computer doesn't need a sound card, it's
included on every machine as either in
an expansion slot (shown below) or built into
the motherboard.

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Video card.
 video card is an expansion card that
connects to a computer motherboard. It is
used to create a picture on a display; without
a video card, you would not be able to see this
page. More plainly, it's a piece of hardware
inside your computer that processes images
and video, some of the tasks normally
handled by the cpu.

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CD and DVD.

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CD and DVD

CD stands for Compact Disc was the primary step towards the thought of

digital coding of the info. It uses a novel methodology of coding within which a
14-bit code indicates a computer memory unit and this coding technique
conjointly helps in error detection. it had been an acceptable replacement for
the memory device because it offered the low-priced answer for storing a big
quantity of knowledge.
DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disk provides another for the videotape
utilized in tape recorder (Video container Recorder) and fixed storage utilized
in computer because the videodisc will acquire seven times larger quantity of
the info relative to CD.

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ACTUOTORS.

An actuator is an electronic device controlled by

a motor that moves the hard drive head arm. In
the past, the actuator within a hard drive was
controlled by a stepper motor. However, today
the actuator is often controlled by a servo motor.
Below is a graphic example of the inside of a
hard drive including the head actuator.

PLOTTERS
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Input and output devices
It is a computer hardware device much like a printer that
is used for printing vector graphics. Instead of toner
plotters use a pen, pencil, marker, or another writing tool
to draw multiple, continuous lines onto paper rather than
a series of dots like a traditional printer. Though once
widely used for computer-aided design these devices
have more or less been phased out by wide-format
printers. Plotters are used to produce a hard copy of
schematics and other similar applications

Printers.

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It is an external hardware output device that takes the
electronic data stored on a computer or other device and
generates a hard copy  of it. For example, if you created
a report on your compuer, you could print several copies
to hand out at a staff meeting. Printers are one of the
most

Moiters.
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 a monitor is an output device that displays video images
and text. A monitor is made up of circuitry, a screen, a power
supply, buttons to adjust screen settings, and casing that
holds all of these components.

Types
 Visual ouput
 Audio output
 Print output
 Data output

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Reffernces.


 BrightHub.com.
 Computer Hope.
Dummies..
 GitHub.
 Mac101. ...
 Microsoft Knowledge Base at Microsoft Support.
 PC Tech Bytes

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