Assigned Sub-topic: Truth Value for Conditional Variations

Application in Technical- Vocational Livelihood Track (TVL)

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

The electric switch which is used for turning on and off an electric light is a two-state device. When the
switch is closed, current can flow from one terminal to the other. And when the switch is open, current
cannot flow.

Source: R. Dimmich, F. Warkusz, "Electrical Conductivity of Thin Wires", Active and Passive

Electronic Components, vol. 12, Article
ID 075953, 7 pages, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1155/1986/75953

Considering the example of an electric bulb controlled by switch for our statement.

Statement: If the switch is closed, then the lamp will turn on. (p q)

p q p q
T T T If the switch is closed, then the lamp will turn on
T F F If the switch is closed, then the lamp will not turn on.
F T T If the switch is not closed, then the lamp will turn on.
F F T If the switch is not closed, the lamp will not turn on.

Conditional Variations:

a. Converse – If the lamp is turned on, then the switch is closed. (q p)

p q q p
T T T If the lamp is turned on, then the switch is closed.
T F T If the lamp is turned on, then the switch is not closed.
F T F If the lamp is not turned on, then the switch is closed.
F F T If the lamp is not turned on, then the switch is not closed.

b. Inverse – If the switch is not close, then the lamp won’t turn on. (~ p ~ q)
 p q ~p ~q ~p ~q
T T F F T If the switch is close, then the lamp will turn on
T F T T T If the switch is not closed, then the lamp won’t turn on.
F T T F F If the switch is not closed, then the lamp will turn on.
F F T T T If the lamp is not closed, then the map won’t turn on.

c. Contrapositive – If the lamp won’t turn on, then the switch is not close. ( ~q ~p)
p q ~p ~q ~q ~p
T T F F T If the lamp will turn on, then the switch is closed.
T F F T F If the lamp will turn on, then the switch is not closed.
F T T F T If the lamp won’t turn on, then the switch is closed.
F F T T T If the lamp won’t turn on, then the switch is not closed.

Application in Academic Track (STEM)

COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY
The diameter of a circle is a special chord that passes through the center of the circle. It has the property
of dividing the circle into two equal halves. If all chords join two points on the circumference, and the
diameter is a chord passing through the center then note that the distance from the first point to center
is a radius and then the distance from the center to the second point is another radius. The diameter is
therefore made of two radii.

Source: Circle Theorems by Paul Kumla Darku

https://www.academia.edu/41021863/CIRCLE_THEOREMS

Considering the definition of a diameter for our statement

Statement: If a chord passes through the center of a circle, then the chord is a diameter. (p q)

p q p q
T T T If a chord passes through the center of a circle, then the chord is a diameter.
T F F If a chord passes through the center of a circle, then the chord is not a diameter.
F T T If a chord does not pass through the center of a circle, then the chord is a
diameter.
F F T If a chord does not pass through the center of a circle, then the chord is not a
diameter.

Conditional Variations:

a. Converse – If a chord is a diameter, then it passed through the center of a circle. (q p)

p q q p
T T T If a chord passed through the center of a circle, then it is a diameter.
T F T If a chord passed through the center of a circle, then it is not a diameter.
F T F If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle, then it is a diameter.
F F T If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle, then it is not a diameter.

b. Inverse – If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle, then the chord is not a diameter.

(~ p ~ q)
 p q ~p ~q ~p ~q
T T F F T If a chord passes through the center of a circle, then the
chord is a diameter.
T F T T T If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle,
then the chord is not a diameter.
F T T F F If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle,
then the chord is a diameter.
F F T T T If a chord did not pass through the center of a circle,
then the chord is not a diameter.

c. Contrapositive – If a chord is not a diameter, then it does not pass through the center of a circle.

(~q ~p)
p q ~p ~q ~q ~p
T T F F T If it is a diameter, then it will pass through the center of the
circle.
T F F T F If it is a diameter, then it does not pass through the center of
the circle.
F T T F T If it is not a diameter, then it will pass through the center of
the circle.
F F T T T If it is not a diameter, then it does not pass through the center
of the circle.

Application in Arts and Design Track

Introduction to Architectural Design Principles
An axis is a central line that helps to organize a design. Often there is an axis at the center of a building
or over a doorway. When architects use an axis or focal point in their design it acts like a straight arrow
on a sign, pointing you in the right direction.

Source : https://siarchives.si.edu/sites/default/files/pdfs/Renwick_Ordering_Principles_Activity.pdf

Statement: If a line is established by two points in space, then it can be arranged into a symmetrical or
balanced manner. (p q)

p q p q
T T T If a line is established by two points in space, then it can be arranged
into a symmetrical or balanced manner
T F F If a line is established by two points in space, then it can’t be arranged
into a symmetrical or balanced manner
F T T If a line is not established by two points in space, then it can be
arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner
F F T If a line is not established by two points in space, then it can’t be
arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner

Conditional Variations:
a. Converse – If a line can be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner, then it is established by
two points in space. (q p)

p q q p
T T T If a line can be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner, then
it is established by two points in space.
T F T If a line can be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner, then
it is not established by two points in space.
F T F If a line can’t be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner,
then it is established by two points in space.
F F T If a line can’t be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner,
then it is not established by two points in space.

b. Inverse – If a line is not established by two points in space, then it cannot be arranged into a
symmetrical or balanced manner. (~ p ~ q)
p q ~p ~q ~p ~q
T T F F T If a line is established by two points in space, then it can be
arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner
T F T T T If a line is not established by two points in space, then it can’t
be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner
F T T F F If a line is not established by two points in space, then it can
be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner
F F T T T If a line is not established by two points in space, then it
cannot be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner

c. Contrapositive – If a line cannot be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced manner, then it is not
established by two points in space. (~q ~p)
p q ~p ~q ~q ~p
T T F F T If a line can be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced
manner, then it is established by two points in space.
T F F T F If a line can be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced
manner, then it is not established by two points in space.
F T T F T If a line cannot be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced
manner, then it is established by two points in space.
F F T T T If a line cannot be arranged into a symmetrical or balanced
manner, then it is not established by two points in space.