PHYSICAL SCIENCE

POLARITY OF MOLECULES
Module No. 3 Week No. 5

Overview:

The polarity of molecules is determined by the two factors: the polarity of bonds based on the electronegativity
difference of the atoms involved and the geometrical shape of the molecules which can be predicted via valence
shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory.

What is the electronegativity?

- Electronegativity (EN) measures the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when
chemically combined with another atom. Please take a look at figure 1 on page 63 in your module as
Pauling Electronegativity Values.
Formula of Electronegativity Difference – (∆EN)

How to identify the type of Bond based of their Electronegativity Difference (∆EN)?

Table 1.1

Electronegativity Difference Type of Bond

∆EN ≥ 2.0 Ionic Bond

0.5 < ∆EN < 2.0 Polar Covalent Bond

0 < ∆EN ≤ 0.5 Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Take note of the ff:

1. ≤ - less than or equal to 3. < - less than
2. ≥ - greater than or equal to

Try to examine the given example:

Sodium Chloride Hydrogen Chloride Hydrogen Gas
(NaCl) (HCl) ( H 2 ¿❑
Chloride (Cl) 3.0 eV Chloride (Cl) 3.0 eV Hydrogen (H) 2.1 eV
Sodium (Na) - 0.9 eV Hydrogen (H) - 2.1 eV Hydrogen (H) - 2.1 eV

∆EN = 2.1 eV ∆EN = 0.9 eV ∆EN = 0 eV

Type of Bond: Ionic Type of Bond: Polar Covalent Bond Type of Bond: Nonpolar Covalent Bond

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The next page is your activity sheet. You don’t need to answer anything in the module, only the activity sheet
attached in the next page. For any clarification, you may contact through this…

Jessa Mae A. Casipong

messenger @ fb account: Sameff Xei
 Activity sheet (dinhi ra answer nga papel – ayaw na gamit ug laing papel)

Name: _____________________________________Year & section:_________________

PHYSICAL SCIENCE
POLARITY OF MOLECULES
Module No. 3 Week No. 5
This is your performance task: 60%

Find the ∆EN and state what type of bond. (4 points each)

A. Solve the ff and state the type of bond:

1. Cl and Ca 2. Oxygen Gas 3. Ca and P

4. C and Cl 5. K and Cl 6. Alumimum Flouride

7. S and Al 8. C and Fe 9. Ca and Ca

10. N and N

B. Illustrate the Lewis structure of the ff: (5points each)

1. NaCl 2. Hydrogen Flouride

Jessa Mae A. Casipong
messenger @ fb account: Sameff Xei

Table 1. Type of bond based on electronegativity difference (ΔEN) of bonded atoms

Type of Bond Electronegativity Difference (ΔEN)

Ionic ≥1.7
Polar Covalent 0.5 to 1.6
Nonpolar Covalent ≤0.4

Table 2: Periodic Table of Electronegativity