Lesson Plan in Math IV

Area of Plane Figures

I. A. Content Standard: Demonstrates understanding of the concepts of bar
graphs and simple experiments.

B. Performance Standards: Create and interpret simple representations of data

(tables and bar graphs) and describe out comes in simple experiments.

C. Learning Objectives:

Find the area of parallelograms, triangles, and trapezoids using sq.cm and
sq. m.
Demonstrate an understanding the relationship of parallelogram, triangle,
and trapezoid as a plane figure.
Show appreciation of work and participation of group activities.

II. Learning Content:

Lesson: Finding the area of parallelograms, triangles, and trapezoids

using sq.cm and sq. m.
MELCs: Find the area of parallelograms, triangles, and trapezoids
using sq.cm and sq. m.
Prerequisite Concepts:
Finding the area of irregular plane figures.
Estimating the area of irregular plane figures
Deriving a formula for the area of triangles, parallelogram,
and trapezoids.
Integration: Draws specific clothing, objects, and designs of at least one
the cultural communities by applying an indigenous cultural
motif into a contemporary design. (A4EL-Id)
Materials:
Pictures and cut-outs of different triangles, parallelograms,
and trapezoids
Ruler
Marking pens
Projector, Laptop
Internet

References: K to 12 Grade 4 Curriculum Guide/MELCs pp 211-215

TM Soaring High with Mathematics 4 pp 206-208
LM Soaring High with Mathematics 4 pp 243-244

III. Learning Activities:

A. Engage
Engagement Task 1: Count My Squares
Count or estimate the number of squares.

Sq. units= ________ Sq. units= ________ Sq. units= ________

 Sq. units= ________ Sq. units= ________

Engagement Task 2: Think and Learn

Let the pupils understand the composition of the picture.

Look at the picture, what are the plane figures you see in the picture?
(Review of the plane figures like triangle, trapezoids, and parallelogram)
Answer: The plane figures are triangle, trapezoid, and circle.
How do you describe the picture? What are the objects that the picture
composed? How do these objects create? (Arts Integration A4EL-Id)
Answer: The picture is beautiful and colorful. It represented the beautiful
creation of God like sun, sea, trees, plants, vinta, and children. The
objects are created and drawn through dots and lines, and colors.
What is the shape of the sail of the vinta? How big and wide is the sail?
How will you find the area of triangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids?
(Motivation)
Answer: Triangle

B. EXPLORE

Exploration Task 1: Think and Discover

Divide the class into three groups.

Give each group problem solving activity through discovery method.
Remind the pupils the group roles in working assigned tasks.
Let each group assigned reporter from the group members.

Group 1: Read the problem carefully.

Derive a formula in finding the area of a given plane figure.

Gina and Mario rented a beautiful and colorful vinta. The

sail of the vinta has a base of 3 meters and a height of 10 meters.
What is the area of the sail?
Give the formula in finding the area of a triangle.
 Group 2: Read the problem carefully.
Derive a formula in finding the area of a given plane figure.

Gina and Mario rented a beautiful and colorful vinta. The

sail of the vinta has a base of 3 meters and a height of 10 meters. If
the sail is cut from a parallelogram with 15 meters base and a 10
meters height, what is the area of its trapezoid?
Give the formula in finding the area of trapezoids.

Study the illustration below:

b1 = 15 m

10 m

3m b2 = 12 m

Group 3: Read the problem carefully.

Derive a formula in finding the area of a given plane figure.

Gina and Mario rented a beautiful and colorful vinta. The

sail of the vinta has a base of 3 meters and a height of 10 meters. If
the sail is cut from a parallelogram with 15 meters base and a 10
meters height, what is the area of the parallelogram?
Give the formula in finding the area parallelograms.

Study the illustration below:

b1 = 15 m

10 m

3m b2 = 12 m

C. EXPLAIN
Tell the pupils to look at the different plane figures (triangles, parallelograms, and
trapezoids) on the slide decks prepared.
Lead them to the discussion about the area of the triangles, parallelograms, and
trapezoids.

Show to the pupils the jigsaw puzzle about parallelograms on the slide decks.
Call a volunteer to put the puzzle pieces together to form a parallelogram.
Guide the pupils in putting together the puzzle pieces.
Show to them the illustration below.

Is this the correct plane figure? What do you call the plane figure being formed?
Answer: The plane figure being formed is called parallelogram.
What are the shapes being put together to form the parallelogram?
Answer: Triangle and rectangle are being put together to form a trapezoid and
parallelogram.
How will you describe the relationship of triangles between trapezoid and
parallelogram?
Answer: The two parallel sides are the bases, and height, as always, is the
perpendicular distance from one base to the opposite. The area of
this parallelogram is its height (half-height of the trapezoid) times its base
(sum of the bases of the trapezoid), so its area is half-height × (base1 +
base2).
If a triangle and parallelogram are on the same base and have the same
altitude, the area of the triangle will be half that of the parallelogram. If they
have same altitude, they will lie between the same parallels. Hence the area of
the triangle will be equal to half that of the parallelogram.
Thus, area of the triangle is ½ (base x height) sq. units and the area of a
parallelogram is equal to base x height sq. units. The area of the trapezoid is ½
height x (b1 + b2) sq. units.

Discuss the illustration below:

15 m

10 m

3m
12 m
Look at the figure, what is the area of the trapezoid if triangle has a base of 3m
and a height of 10 m? Answer: The area of the trapezoid is 135 sq. meter.
If the area of the parallelogram is 150 sq. meter, what is the area of the triangle?
Answer: The area of the triangle is 15 sq. meter?

How will you derive the area of the parallelogram as shown in the illustration?
(Integration within curriculum: GEMDAS)
Answer: A=1/2h x (b1+b2) + ½ b x h) or A=b x h
Call a volunteer from the class to find the area as illustrated.

Find the area of the parallelogram:

 First, find the area of the triangle perpendicular to its height.

A=½bxh
= ½ (3 x 10)
= ½ (30)
A = 15 sq. m
 Second, find the area of the trapezoid.
A= ½ h x (b1+b2) sq. units
= ½ (10) (12 + 15)
 = ½ (10) (27)
A = ½ (270)
A = 135 sq. meter

 Third, add the area of the trapezoid and the area of the triangle.
A = 15 + 135
A = 150 sq. meter

 We will use this process if we are going to find the area of the trapezoid
and triangle within a parallelogram.

D. Elaborate

Group the pupils into 3.

Distribute the activity sheets and materials provided for each group.
Remind the pupils about the rubrics in assessing group work.
Let each group assigned a reporter from group members.
Remind also the pupils about the safety protocols to avoid the risks of COVID 19.
Elaboration task 1:

Group 1: Parallelogram
What is the area of the parallelogram whose height is 60 m and the base
is 7000 cm?
Group 2: Trapezoid
Given the illustration bellow, find the area of the trapezoid.
20 m

12 m

5m
15 m
Group 3: Triangle
Given the data below;
Height = 15 cm
Base 1 = 25 cm
Base 2 = 20 cm

1. draw and measure the parallelogram

2. cut out the surface of the triangle
3. label its sides with its corresponding measure
4. give the area of the triangle
Elaboration Task 2:
1. What is a Parallelogram?
A parallelogram is a geometrical figure that has four sides formed by
two pairs of parallel lines. In a parallelogram, the opposite sides are
equal in length, and opposite angles are equal in measure.
2. How to find the Area of a Parallelogram?
The area of any parallelogram can be calculated using the following
formula:
Area = base × height
3. What is a trapezoid?
 A trapezoid, also referred to as a trapezium, is a quadrilateral with one
pair of parallel sides and another pair of non-parallel sides. Like
square and rectangle, a trapezoid is also flat. Therefore, it is 2D.
4. How to find the area of a trapezoid?
The area of the trapezium is the region covered by a trapezium
in a two-dimensional plane. It is the space enclosed in 2D
geometry.
According to the trapezoid area formula, the area of a trapezoid is
equal to half the product of the height and the sum of the two bases.
Area = ½ x (Sum of parallel sides) x (perpendicular distance between
the parallel sides).
Area = ½ h (b1 + b2)
5. What is a triangle?
In geometry, a triangle is a closed, two-dimensional shape with three
straight sides. A triangle is also a polygon.
6. How to find the area of a triangle?
The area of a triangle is defined as the total region that is
enclosed by the three sides of any particular triangle. Basically,
it is equal to half of the base times height, i.e. A = 1/2 × b ×
h. Hence, to find the area of a tri-sided polygon, we have to
know the base (b) and height (h) of it. It is applicable to all types
of triangles, whether it is scalene, isosceles or equilateral. To be
noted, the base and height of the triangle are perpendicular to
each other. The unit of area is measured in square units (m , 2

cm ).
2

E. Evaluate

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the Area of a Parallelogram whose height is 5 cm and base is 4 cm?

a. 20 m2 b. 25 m2 c. 18 m2 d. 22 m2

2. Find a trapezoid area with a height of 30 cm, and the bases are 60 cm and 40
cm.
a. 3000 sq. cm b. 1500 sq. cm c. 1200 sq. cm d. 1600 cm2
3. Which of the following is area of an acute triangle with a base of 13 m and a
height of 10 m.?
a. 45 sq. m b. 55 sq. c. 65 sq. m d. 75 sq. m
4. Which of the following statement is correct?
a. To find the area of a parallelogram, we have to multiply its height and
base divided by two.
b. To find the area of a triangle, we have to divide the product of its base
and height by two.
c. The sum of two bases multiplied by half of its height is the area of a
parallelogram.
d. None of the above.
5. How to find the area of a trapezoid?
a. To find the area of a trapezoid, we must divide half height by the sum of
two bases.
b. To find the area of a trapezoid, we must multiply half height with the sum
of two bases.
c. To find the area of a trapezoid, we must divide the product of two base
and height by two.
 d. To find the area of a trapezoid, we have to divide the product of base and
height by two.

IV. Assignment:

Give the area of the following.

1.

36 cm

56 cm

2.
12 m

16 m
36 m

3. 26 cm

28 cm