Input:

Wall ID GW14-2
Gamma soil 1.9 sand F'c Kg/cm2 210
Ka 0.33 Fy Kg/cm2 4200
qall (T/m2) 30.00
m (coeff of friction) 0.50 Note:
Hh 5.50 User entry
Ht 0.50 Result to check

1- Tentative design dimensions

x=H/10 - H/12 0.4583333333 0.55
X to use 0.5
L = 0.4-0.7 H 2.2 3.85
L to use 3.5
Lt = L/3 0.7333333333 1.283333333333
Lt to use 0.5
Lh = L - Lt - x 0.9666666667 2.566666666667
Lh to use 2.5

Forces on wall
Pah (T/m length of wall) 9.5791666667 T/m
Ww (wall weight) 6.25 T/m
Wb (base weight) 4.375 T/m
Wsh (soil above heel) 23.75 T/m
Wst (soil above toe) 0 T/m
Pat (latral pressure toe) 0 T/m
SW 34.375 T/m

2- Check overturning
Mo (about toe) = 17.561805556 Pah x Hh/3 (overturning moment)
Mr (resisting moment)
Mr from Pat 0 Pat x Ht/3
Mr from Ww 4.6875 Ww x (L - (Lt + 0.5*x))
Mr from Wb 7.65625 Wb x L/2
Mr from Wsh 53.4375 Wsh * (Lt + x + Lh/2)
Mr from Wst 0 Wst * Lt/2
SMr 65.78125

F.S. overturng 3.7457 > 1.5 Mr/Mo

3- Check sliding
sliding force Pah 9.5791666667 T/m
Frictional force 17.1875 T/m m*SW + Pat

F.S. sliding 1.794258 > 1.5

4- Check bearing pressure

Xr = (Mr -Mo)/SW 1.4027474747 m

(resultant within middle third

e = L/2 - Xr 0.347253 < 0.5833 L/6 no tension on soil)

qmax (service) 15.668027211 < 30.00 qall

qmin (service) 3.974829932 >= 0 (no tension on soil)

PROCEED ONLY IF WALL SAFE AT SERVICE AGAINST OVERTURNING,

SLIDING AND BEARING
5- Structural Calculations
Load Factors: 1.7 lateral soil pressure
(A.C.I 9.2.4) 1.4 Dead load
0.9 For dead load if it reduces effect of lateral earth pressure

5-a Wall Stem design

Cover (3in = 7.5 cm) ACI 7.7.1 (a)
Cover to use 7.5 cm
d = X - cover 0.425 m

Wuh @face of support 5.3833333333 T/m2

(base)
Wut @face of support 0 T/m2
(base)
Wuh @ d away from 4.92575 T/m2
face of support
Wut @ d away from 0.08075 T/m2
face of support

Vu @ d away from face 12.4960625 T/m

of support

Vn = Vu/0.85 14.70125 T/m

Vc= 0.53 sqrt(F'c)x10xbxd 32.641826121 T/m

Vc> Vn??? 32.64183 > 14.701 shear ok?

Moment at face of support

Mu 22.430555556
As= Mu/F bd2 13.7981118 cm2/m length
or Mu=FAsFy0.95d 14.6972369 cm2/m length Asmin 14.025 cm2/m length
As 14.697236919
ST1 STEP 3.2: SPACING OF BARS Main Steel
Bar diameter 16 mm
Ab 2.0096 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 13.6733184 cm <= 250 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User Chosen spacing 12.5 cm

ST2 STEP 3.3: LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT

Asmin = 0.0018 x B x H 5.8755287017

Bar diameter 12 mm
Ab 1.1304 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 19.2391197 <= 163.2091306 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User chosen 20 cm

STEP 4: CHECK ANCHORAGE

ld/db = 3/40 fy/√f'c abgl/ [c +Ktr]/db (ACI 12.2.3) BARS IN TENSION

Bar diameter 16 mm
a (location factor 1.3 for
top cast, 1 for bot) 1 ab 1 <= 1.7

b (coating factor: 1.5 if

epoxy coated and cover
< 3db or clear spacing<
6db; 1.2 for all other
epoxy coated; 1 for
uncoated 1
 g (Reinforcement size
factor: 0.8 if <= No.6
[T20]; 1 if >= No.7 [T22]) 0.8
l (1.3 for lightweight
aggregate concrete else
1) 1
Distance from center of
bar to nearest concrete
surface (cm) 8.5
One-Half center to center
bar spacing (cm) 10
C = min of above (cm) 8.5
c/db <= 2.5 5.3125
Ktr = 0 for footings (cz no stirru 0

ld/db 99.0028
Ld = 158.404 cm <= 42.5 H-cover
Ld min = 30.5 cm
If Not true develop by hook

5-b Base design

Soil pressure distribution at ultimate

0.9 Wuw 5.625 T/m

0.9Wub (base weight) 3.9375 T/m
1.4Wush (soil above heel) 33.25 T/m
1.4Wust (soil above toe) 0 T/m
SWu 42.8125 T/m
Toe Heel
Puah (latral pressure heel) 16.284583333 T/m
Puat (latral pressure toe) 0 T/m

Mo ult 29.855069444 qumin

Mr (resisting moment) qumax
Mr from Puat 0 T-m Pat x Ht/3
Mr from Wuw 4.21875 T-m Wuw x (L - (Lt + 0.5*x))
Mr from Wub 6.890625 T-m Wub x L/2
Mr from Wush 74.8125 T-m Wush * (Lt + x + Lh/2)
Mr from Wust 0 T-m Wust * Lt/2
SMr 85.921875 T-m

Xr = (Mr-Mo)/SWu 1.3095896188 m
e = L/2 -Xr 0.44041 < 0.5833 L/6 If yes => soil pressure
distribution is trapezoidal
qumax (toe) 21.46728 T/m2
qumin (heel) 2.997007 T/m2

5b-1 Heel Design

Wh (weight of heel) 4.375 T/m
Wush (soil above heel) 33.25 T/m
Check shear at face of stem

Vu at face 17.387427114 T/m

Vn = Vu/0.85 20.455796604 T/m
Vc= 0.53 sqrt(F'c)x10xbxd 32.641826121 T/m

Vc>Vn? 32.64183 > 20.456 Shear ok?

 Mu at face of stem -26.61862195
Mn = Mu/0.9 -29.57624661
As= Mu/F bd2 -16.374393 cm2/m length
or Mu=FAsFy0.95d -17.441396 cm2/m length Asmin 14.025 cm2/m length
As 17.441395611
ST3 STEP 3.2: SPACING OF BARS Main Steel HEEL TOP STEEL perpendicuar to wall
Bar diameter 16 mm
Ab 2.0096 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 11.5220137 cm <= 250 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User Chosen spacing 10 cm

ST4 STEP 3.3: LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT HEEL TOP STEEL parralel to wall
Asmin = 0.0018 x B x H 3.6820433888
or 4/3 As 0
As secondary 3.6820433888
Bar diameter 12 mm
Ab 1.1304 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 30.7003444 <= 102.278983 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User chosen spacing 25 cm

STEP 4: CHECK ANCHORAGE

ld/db = 3/40 fy/√f'c abgl/ [c +Ktr]/db

(ACI 12.2.3) BARS IN TENSION

Bar diameter 16 mm
a (location factor 1.3 for
top cast, 1 for bot) 1 ab 1 <= 1.7

b (coating factor: 1.5 if

epoxy coated and cover
< 3db or clear spacing<
6db; 1.2 for all other
epoxy coated; 1 for
uncoated 1

g (Reinforcement size
factor: 0.8 if <= No.6
[T20]; 1 if >= No.7 [T22]) 0.8
l (1.3 for lightweight
aggregate concrete else
1) 1
Distance from center of
bar to nearest concrete
surface (cm) 8.5
One-Half center to center
bar spacing (cm) 10
C = min of above (cm) 8.5
c/db <= 2.5 5.3125
Ktr = 0 for footings (cz no stirru 0

ld/db 99.0028
Ld = 158.404 cm <= 92.5 Lh - cover 7.5 cm
Ld min = 30.5 cm

5b-2 Toe Design

Wt (weight of toe) 0.5625 T/m
Wust (soil above toe) 0 T/m
Check shear at face of stem
Wu at face of stem toe side 18.82866861
Vu at face 9.5114868805 T/m
Vn = Vu/0.85 11.189984565 T/m
Vc= 0.53 sqrt(F'c)x10xbxd 32.641826121 T/m
 Vc>Vn? 32.64183 > 11.19 Shear ok?

Mu at face of stem 2.4328427681

Mn = Mu/0.9 2.7031586312
As= Mu/F bd2 1.49655841 cm2/m length
or Mu=FAsFy0.95d 1.59407851 cm2/m length Asmin 14.025 cm2/m length
As 14.025
ST5 STEP 3.2: SPACING OF BARS Main Steel Toe Bottom STEEL perpendicuar to wall
Bar diameter 16 mm
Ab 2.0096 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 14.3286988 cm <= 250 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User Chosen spacing 14 cm

ST6 STEP 3.3: LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT Toe Bottom STEEL parralel to wall
Asmin = 0.0018 x B x H 2.0141972217
or 4/3 As 2.1254380116
As secondary 2.1254380116
Bar diameter 12 mm
Ab 1.1304 cm2
(5 x H) 45 cm
Spacing = 100Ab/As 53.1843316 <= 250 cm and <= (18in) ACI 7.12.2.2
User chosen spacing 25 cm

STEP 4: CHECK ANCHORAGE

ld/db = 3/40 fy/√f'c abgl/ [c +Ktr]/db

(ACI 12.2.3) BARS IN TENSION

Bar diameter 16 mm
a (location factor 1.3 for
top cast, 1 for bot) 1 ab 1 <= 1.7

b (coating factor: 1.5 if

epoxy coated and cover
< 3db or clear spacing<
6db; 1.2 for all other
epoxy coated; 1 for
uncoated 1

g (Reinforcement size
factor: 0.8 if <= No.6
[T20]; 1 if >= No.7 [T22]) 0.8
l (1.3 for lightweight
aggregate concrete else
1) 1
Distance from center of
bar to nearest concrete
surface (cm) 8.5
One-Half center to center
bar spacing (cm) 10
C = min of above (cm) 8.5
c/db <= 2.5 5.3125
Ktr = 0 for footings (cz no stirru 0

ld/db 99.0028
Ld = 158.404 cm <= 292.5 Lh - cover 7.5 cm
Ld min = 30.5 cm
CANTELEVER RETAINING WALLS

DESIGN SUMMARY

INPUT

Wall ID GW14-2
Hh (m) 5.50
Ht (m) 0.50 Hh
DIMENSIONS Ht
X

X (cm) 50 X
L (cm) 350 Lt Lh
Lt (cm) 50
Lh (cm) 250 L

SAFETY CHECK

Failure type Value Check

Overturning (F.S) 3.7457 > 1.5
Sliding (F.S) 1.794258 > 1.5
Bearing qmin @
service(T/m2) 3.97483 > 0
Bearing qmax @
service(T/m2) 15.66803 < 30.00

REINFORCEMENT

ID Diam. Spacing Ld Av. Ld Hook

ST1 16 12.5 158.404 42.5 Y
ST2 12 20
ST3 16 10 158.404 92.5 Y
ST4 12 25
ST5 16 14 158.404 292.5 N
ST6 12 25

c
ST2
c

c
ST1

c ST3 ST4

c c c c c c

c c c c c

ST6 ST5
ST5