Hindawi

Journal of Nanomaterials
Volume 2022, Article ID 1909364, 8 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1909364

Research Article
Health Monitoring of Employees for Industry 4.0

Midhun Kumar Ayyalraj ,1 Appavu Alias Balamurugan,2 and Wondalem Misganaw 3

1
Department of CSE, Sathiyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Department of Computer Science, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
3
Ethiopian Defence University, College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ethiopia

Correspondence should be addressed to Midhun Kumar Ayyalraj; midhunkumarphd@gmail.com

and Wondalem Misganaw; wondalem.misganaw@dec.edu.et

Received 19 June 2022; Accepted 18 July 2022; Published 16 August 2022

Academic Editor: Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai

Copyright © 2022 Midhun Kumar Ayyalraj et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work
is properly cited.

On a daily basis, young agers engage in a range of activities. There are numerous things to do, such as attending class, participating
in a group project, and going grocery shopping, to mention a few. If a student becomes ill, he or she must visit the clinic for
treatment and a note of discharge. Researchers contribute using IoT to display health status in order to decrease the likelihood
of becoming unwell. Young agers can use this tool to see if their pulse rates are normal or not. Young agers can see their pulse
rate by using the IoT to display their health status. This tool will also assist pupils in reaching their full potential and
improving their personal health by determining their optimum pulse rate. Young agers will always keep a healthy lifestyle in
order to function in the society. This tool can also serve as a reminder to kids that good health is essential for survival. This
method can be used to detect whether a person’s pulse rate is normal while exercising, according to the findings of this study.
Such application can be applied in Industry 4.0 in order to evaluate young employee’s health condition to produce better
industry outcome.

1. Introduction should be able to go much further and be used as effectively

In your medical situation, thanks to the Internet of Things
concept, young agers may look after their pulse rate. This
process will assist them to get better in their skills. This tool
can help young agers maintain their health by determining
their pulse rates at the appropriate level. For example, in
order to function in their daily lives, young agers will always
maintain a healthy lifestyle. This is because you have a lot on
your plate as a student, such as going to class, meeting for
group projects, and going grocery shopping. If a student
becomes unwell, he or she must seek care and obtain a note
of discharge from a clinic. Additionally, sick kids are more
likely to fail in school, keep their grades, and drop out [1].
In your medical situation, young agers can learn to reg-
ulate their pulse rates within acceptable limits by employing
pulse and hand-held sensors as a display, based on the IoT
concept. Pulse rate can be monitored by wearing a wrist
pulse sensor and using pulse detector apps. This technology
as possible to help young agers improve their health. This
tool can also act as a reminder to children that maintaining
good health is essential for survival. This tool is always avail-
able to young agers and can be used to assist them in making
health-related decisions. This tool can be used by young
agers to plan their daily activities and live a healthy lifestyle.
Because of the tool’s broad breadth, everyone is encour-
aged to use it. This tool’s objective is to ensure that a stu-
dent’s health is emphasized. This is because health is
valued so highly in today’s society. You will get issues like
fever and high blood pressure [2] if you do not take care of
your health. The purpose of showing health status using
the IoT concept is to meet the needs of young agers who
want to learn more about their health and how to improve
their performance.
One of the key aspects of Industry 4.0 is employee health
monitoring [1, 3], and in this work, it highlights the essence
of health monitoring system for the betterment of the
2 Journal of Nanomaterials
employees. The end result of Industry 4.0 is fully depended
on employee health perspective tracking their overall health
status [4].
2. Methodology
To finish the investigation, information was gathered via
exploring several websites to identify the necessary mate-
rials, as well as selecting and purchasing commodities. There
are two types of purchases available. A bulk purchase is the
first option. This is due to the fact that certain things are
required at wholesale pricing, while others are identical. This
method allows you to save time and money. Another item
from the first category appears in the second. These items
are searched after to finish the research in order to avoid
wastage.
2.1. Requirement Specification and Analysis
2.1.1. The Way Specifications Helped. Specification for dis-
playing a person’s health status is based on the emphasized
problem description; an IoT concept was created. Young
agers’ time limits and time have been identified as a problem
statement since they are focused on their work and rarely
care for their health. Young agers who want to keep track
of their health should do so, even if it is just for a few
minutes. It will force young agers to lose sight of their health,
placing them at risk of getting ailments that are damaging to
their bodies. In addition, rather of learning about their
health first [5], young agers will seek therapy at a nearby
clinic, despite the fact that there are other resources
available.
Young agers can use the IoT-based showing health status
system to help them solve problems. Because the technology
can help young agers determine their heart rate and avoid
trips to the clinic, it is a win-win situation. In addition, if
you have a problem, this device can help you save money
on pharmaceuticals.
The device was inspired by existing pulse-measuring
technology. Users can purchase this instrument because it
is made on a small scale. Young agers can afford to buy a
pricey pulse-measurement device because they are not
harmful. As a result, this tool was developed to aid young
agers in addressing this issue without having to spend a lot
of money on existing pulse devices.
2.1.2. Communication with Consumer. According to corre-
spondence with young agers, the majority of the young agers
in the sample are taken from freely available datasets espe-
cially deals with health status of teen ages as teen agers are
highly affected with the vulnerable diseases [6]. In addition,
academics are communicated with at a weekly meeting in
the lecturer’s room. As a result of their collaborative com-
munication, the displaying health status using the Internet
of Things concept is deemed appropriate and consistent
with the stated objectives, functions, issue statements,
scopes, and modules. The significant majority of them feel
that the concept of displaying health status using the Inter-
net of Things has the potential to grow and be explored
further.
2.1.3. Constraint. Time restrictions and insufficient time due
to their busy work schedules are some of the challenges that
arise prior to the introduction of showing health status based
on the IoT concept. As a result, showing health status using
IoT was developed in order to display and record their heart
rate using a better structured mobile phone.
Furthermore, if the purchased item does not arrive on
time, this is one of the restrictions that may arise throughout
the tool’s implementation. Furthermore, the purchased item
is defective or damaged. Furthermore, tool damage is a con-
straint that occurs after the deployment of Displaying Health
Status Based on the Internet of Things Concept. Because this
equipment does not display their pulse rate on their phone,
they must purchase new equipment to continue their
research.
2.1.4. Rational. It is hoped that this tool will be improved in
the future, notably by offering tools for more aspects that
young agers or other parties involved can use and accept.
The tool’s implementation will also be refined and improved
in the future. The purpose of implementing the Displaying
Health Status Based on the Internet of Things Concept is
to help young agers maintain their health so that they can
enjoy the daily lives of this globalized period in a healthy
body.
2.1.5. Specification of Details. In your health situation, the
notion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is based on the Inter-
net of Things (IoT). The heart beat sensor calculates a per-
son’s BPM using a pulse device. The pulse sensor detects
changes in blood volume caused by the heart’s pumping of
blood throughout the body. As blood volume changes, so
does the intensity of light travelling through that organ. This
modification will then be translated by the Arduino into
BPM (beats per minute) [7, 8]. It can be taken on a regular
basis by heart patients and health-conscious persons. The
ESP8266 Wi-Fi module uploads the BPM data to the Thing
Speak Internet server. A person can obtain this data by just
logging into their IoT Analytics Cloud account. IoT Analyt-
ics Cloud is a web-based open API IoT source information
platform that saves and visualizes sensor data from a variety
of “IoT applications” [9]. The server will also keep track of
previous information. As a result, people can maintain track
of their heart rates on a regular basis.
2.1.6. Design. The process of design is the second stage. A
number of diagrams have been generated and presented
for this level of the tool’s development. One of the diagrams
created by researchers is the schematic diagram. The dia-
gram was created to assist in the development and imple-
mentation of the Displaying Health Status Based on the
IoT Concept by displaying the tool’s concept and journey.
The implementation technique is designed to present
health status and is based on the IoT concept. C++ was used
to create this valuable tool. The Arduino IDE and Notepad +
+ were used to produce this code. The Arduino IDE is based
on the processing [10] programming language and is built in
Java. Several UPSI students are putting the Displaying
Health Status Based on the Internet of Things Concept to
Journal of Nanomaterials 3

Node MCU
A0 D0
RSV D1
RSV D2
SD3 D3
SD2 D4
SD1 3V3 LED
CMD GND
SD0 D5
CLK D6
GND D7
3V3 D8
EN RX
RST TX
470 𝜇F GND GND Negative
Vin 3V3 Positive

1 K𝛺 Pulse sensor

Pin S

Figure 1: Analytics flow.

LED Negative (–ve) cathode

Positive (+ve) anode
Noise
filter
Figure 4: LED.

R
Gnd Vcc A0
R
1 2 3

Figure 2: Heart rate sensor. Figure 5: Resistor.

K55

680

2.5 V

Figure 3: H-Chips.

the test and obtaining study findings using this tool’s user-
friendly ways. The following is a breakdown of the develop-
ment process. Once the research results were repeated sev-
eral times, and samples were gathered, this technique could
be used to fix Displaying Health Status Based on the Internet
of Things Concept.
The Arduino platform is employed in this investigation. Figure 6: Breadboard.
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module takes analogue values from the
pulse sensor and uploads them to the IoT Analytics Cloud
4 Journal of Nanomaterials

Figure 7: View 1.

Figure 8: View 2.

Figure 9: IoT Analytics Cloud create channel.

server over the Internet using a small battery as a power sup- 2.2. Schematic Diagram. Figure 1 depicts a conceptual dia-
ply. A person’s heart rate is measured in beats per minute by gram for this study.
the pulse sensor (BPM). The circuit is linked together by a
10K-ohm resistor and a 10-microfarad capacitor. By utiliz-
ing resistors for voltage control and a capacitor to lower 3. Work Architecture
the voltage buffer, the noise from the pulse sensor can be
reduced, while the ESP8266 collects analogue data. The following components were used in this study.
Journal of Nanomaterials
Figure 10: Creating new channel heart rate field.
Figure 11: Save channel.
3.1. Heart Rate Sensor. The heart rate sensor is easy to oper-
ate, but it must be correctly mounted. The flat side of the
sensor should be positioned on top of the vein with a small
presser, which is generally done using clips or Velcro tapes.
Figure 2 illustrates a pulse sensor.
3.2. Realtek RTL8710. On the control module’s side of things,
the Realtek RTL8710 is an open-source Internet of Things
(IoT) platform designed to make electronic human-device
connections more convenient [11]. Software for the Espressif
Systems Realtek RTL8710 Wi-Fi SoC as well as hardware for
the RTL8710 module are included in this package. As a result,
the Realtek RTL8710’s primary role is to connect to personal
Wi-Fi networks in a way similar to that of a Broadband
modem or router and parallel operated with SIM technology
[12]. You can send data once you have established a Wi-Fi
5
connection and store in datasheet [13] and are further accesses
through health database [14] using Realtek microcontroller
chip. The concept of NODE RED [15] is used to tracking the
health behavior of the employee within the industry.
3.3. H-Chips. Farads are the units of measurement for elec-
tric capacitance, which is defined as the capacity of a body
to store electrical charge in the absence of external stimula-
tion. The ability to charge and discharge electricity is one
of the two fundamental functions of capacitors [16].
Figure 3 depicts a microfarad capacitor in action.
3.4. LED. A light source that is small in size is called an LED.
Low-energy light-emitting diode is what it stands for. The
earliest known research of a light-emitting solid-state diode
was published in 1907 by British scientist H. J. Round.
Figure 4 shows how to make an LED.
6 Journal of Nanomaterials

Figure 12: Copy the API key channel and paste it in the coding section.

3.5. Resistance. Resistors are used to, among other things,

reduce current flow, change signal levels, divide voltages,
bias active devices, and terminate transmission lines. The
quantity of forward current is limited by a series resistor
[17]. Figure 5 depicts a 1k resistor.

3.6. Breadboard. The breadboard serves as a circuit and can

be used to connect all of the components. A breadboard is a
device for testing and experimenting with different ideas by
making temporary circuits. Because no soldering is required,
modifying connections and replacing components are easy
[3, 18]. Figure 6 shows how to make a breadboard.

3.6.1. Design of Tools. Figure 7 shows the tool’s appearance

from the front.
The tool’s display is seen in Figure 8.

3.6.2. Setup IoT Analytics Cloud Server. Figure 9 shows the

process of creating a channel with IoT Analytics Cloud.
Figure 10 shows the method for establishing a new chan-
nel heart rate field.
Figure 11 shows the save channel step.
The API key channel is copied and pasted into the code;
Figure 12 shows this.

3.6.3. Implementation. The third stage involved writing C++

code to create and implement showing health status based
[19] on the IoT concept. The Arduino IDE and Notepad +
+ were used to produce this code.

(1) Test. In order to resolve concerns, data has been acquired

through participation in a number of forums. The problem
of using the IoT to indicate health status has been researched
extensively [18]. Data is also gathered through speaking with
senior UPSI or contacting young agers from other institu-
Figure 13: Heart rate with graph.
tions who have completed similar research.

(2) Renewal. The concept of showing health status via the 4. Result
Internet of Things has been resurrected at this time based
on multiple observations and experiments made to better In the medical situation, the IoT concept helped the
this research. researchers achieve their goals. This can be used by heart
Journal of Nanomaterials
patients and health-conscious people to monitor their heart
rate on a regular basis. Young agers can monitor their pulse
rates on their phones. In this test, the pulse rate is transmit-
ted to a smartphone through Wi-Fi. This is the situation
because the Realtek RTL8710 component connects personal
Wi-Fi or Wi-Fi environments.
This test must be repeated many times in order to con-
nect to Wi-Fi. Pulse sensors also conducted a series of exper-
iments in order to discover which component had the
correct pulse values. Throughout the testing, pulse sensors
were put to the test on a few tiny circuits. When data is sent
to the server, the outcome is shown in a graph [20, 21]. How
to display your heart rate is shown in Figure 13. Similar
results have been published in [22, 23].
In your health situation, the purpose of this project,
which is based on the IoT concept, is to make it easier for
young agers to check their pulse rate without having to
buy one of the several pulse-measuring instruments available
along with load cell [24] to manage their health status accu-
rately. Additionally, in this age of globalization, cell phones
have become indispensable in everyday life, allowing young
agers to keep track of their pulse rates. Only authorized
users, such as a remote specialist doctor, can access data that
is made available for remote usage through the Internet.
In your health situation, the Internet of Things concept
allows young agers to check their pulse rate and look at their
phone. This tool is also portable because it may be held in one’s
hand. This tool can aid young agers in maintaining their health
while also allowing them to stay up with their self-reading.
This tool can be used to check your pulse rate when
exercising. The user merely needs to attach it to his or her
wrist to improve the accuracy of the readings. There is no
need to wait for test results to ensure your long-term health.
The inability of this gadget to display pulse readings on
hand when no Internet is accessible, leaving people unin-
formed of their pulse rate, is one of the downsides of present-
ing health status based on the IoT concept. Furthermore, the
tool is particularly prone to injury if a short circuit happens.
This is because when there is a lot of electrical current in the
circuit, short-circuiting might be dangerous.
The overall result outcome deals with the pulse diagnosis
of the employee based on the behavior aspects that directly
respond to the system for timely aid with response. The sys-
tem is monitored throughout the session, and it keeps a live
session during the presence of employee in the campus.
5. Conclusion
This application can assist pupils in maintaining their health
and self-reading. The tool’s shortcoming is that it lacks the
attraction of other tools. This tool will need to be developed
with a variety of other features in order to entice people to
utilize it. As a result, the Internet is used to display health
status, and it still has to be improved.
Data Availability
The data used to support the findings of this study are
included within the article.
7
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest
regarding the publication of this paper.
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