Triangles Ajm Mathematics Level - 9

AJM MATHEMATICS
TRIANGLES
LEVEL – 9
MATRIX
JEE Main & Advanced | XI-XII Foundation| VI-X Pre-Foundation
Office : Piprali Road, Sikar (Raj.) | Ph. 01572-241911

Website : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in
CONTENTS
THEORY ..........................................................................Page –03
EXERCISE – I ................................................................ Page –37
EXERCISE – II .............................................................. Page –47
EXERCISE – III ............................................................ Page –51
ANSWER KEY ............................................................... Page –56

MATHEMATICS
1 TRIANGLES
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
A plane figure bounded by three line segments is called a triangle. Consider ABC. It has
A
B C
(i) three vertices i.e. A, B and C (ii) three sides i. e. AB, BC and CA
(iii) three angles i. e. A, B and C.

1. ANGLES
An angle is the figure formed by two rays, called the sides of the angle and sharing a common endpoint, called the
vertex of the angle.

1.1 COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES
1 
Complementary angles are angle pairs whose measures add up to one right angle ( turn, 90°, or radians). If
4 2
the two complementary angles are adjacent their nonshared sides form a right angle.

1.2 SUPPLEMANTORY ANGLES
1
Two angles whose measures add up to a straight angle ( turn, 180°, or  radians) are called supplementary
2
angles. If the two supplementary angles are adjacent (i.e., have a common vertex and share just one side), their
Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 3
MATHEMATICS
non-shared sides form a straight line. Such angles are called a linear pair of angles.

1.3 VERTICALLY OPPOSITE ANGLES (VOA)
A pair of angles opposite to each other, formed by two intersecting straight lines that form an ‘X’-like shape, are
called vertical angles or opposite angles or vertically opposite angles.They are always equal.

1.4 CORRESPONDING ANGLES POSTULATE OR CA POSTULATE
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then corresponding angles are congruent.

1.5 ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES THEOREM OR AIA THEOREM
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then alternate interior angles are congruent to each other.

MATHEMATICS

1.6 ANGLE SUM THEOREM
Sum of all the angles of a triangle is 180°.
Construction: Draw a line XY through the vertex A and parallel to base BC. XAB = ABC
(alternate interior angles between two parallels)
Similarly YAC =ACB
Now, ABC + BAC + ACB = XAB + BAC + YAC = 180°
Corollary 1 : Exterior angle of a angle is equal to sum of two opposite interior angles.
Construction : Extend BC to point X such that C lies in between B and X.
Proof : Exterior angle at vertex C is
ACX = 180º – ACB = BAC + ABC
(using previous theorem)
Corollary 2 : In any n sided convex polygon, sum of all angles is (n – 2) × 180º and also sum of all exterior angles
(taken in one direction, i.e, either clockwise or counter clockwise) in any convex polygon is 360º.
Contruction : Take a point P inside the polygon, join it with all the vertices.
Proof : As there are n triangles having P as common vertex, sum of all angles of all triangles is n × 180°. Now
remove from it sum of angles at vertex P which is 360°.
Hence sum of all interior angles of the polygon is n × 180º – 360º = (n – 2) ×180º

MATHEMATICS
1
Ex.1 If the bisectors of ABC and ACB of a triangle meet at a point I. then prove that BIC  90 º  A
2
Sol. Given: In ABC, BI, CI bisects B and C
1
To Prove: BIC  90 º  A
2
Proof: In ABC, A +  + C = 180º
 A  2 x  2 y  180 º
1
 x  y  90 º  A (1)
2
In IBC, I + x + y = 180º
1
 I  90 º  A  180 º (From Eq. (1)]
2
1
 I  90 º  A
2
Ex.2 The sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC are produced to P and Q respectively. If the bisectors of PBC and
1
QCB intersects at Ia then prove that BI a C  90 º  A
2
Sol. BIa bisects PBC and CIa bisects QCB
Let  IaBP =  IaBC = x and  IaCB =  IaCQ = y
ABC = 180º – 2x and ACB = 180° – 2y
In ABC, A + B + C = 180°
 A  180 º  2 x  180 º 2 y  180 º
1
 x  y  90 º  A (1)
2
In BIaC, x + y + Ia = 180º
1
 90 º  A  Ia  180 º (From Eq. (1))
2
1 1
 90 º  A  I a  A
2 2
1
 BI a C  90 º  A
2

MATHEMATICS
1
Ex.3 PS is the bisector of QPR and PT QR show that TPS  (Q  R) , where Q < R
2
Sol. Let QPS = SPR = a and TPS = x
QPT = a – x
In PTR, by using exterior angle property
QTP = 90° = a + x + R (1)
In PTQ, by using exterior angle property
 PTR = 90° = a – x +Q (2)
 From Eq. (1) and Eq. (2)
a + x + R = a – x Q
 2x Q –R
1
x (Q  R)
2
1
Note : If R >Q, then x  (R  Q)
2
Ex.4 In above question if PM is the circum-diameter of PQR then prove that PS bisects TPM.
Sol.
Construction: Join QM, RM
Proof: Since POM is a diameter, PRM = 90°
 QRM = 90º –R
 QPM = QRM = 90º –R (Angle in same segment)
 TPM = QPM – QPT
= (90º – R) – (90º – Q)
 TPM = Q – R
1
Since TPS  (Q  R) (From Previous problem)
2
1
SPM  (Q  R)
2

MATHEMATICS
 PS bisects TPM.
Ex.5 Prove that the angle between internal bisector of one base angle and the external bisector of the other base angle
of a triangle is equal to one half of the vertical angle.
Sol. Given : BT bisects ABC and CT bisects ACD
1
To prove : BTC  A
2
Proof : In ABC, by using exterior angle property of a triangle
ACD = ABC + A
2y = 2x +A
1
 y  x  A (1)
2
In TBC, by using exterior angle property
y = x + T (2)
1
 From Eq. (1) and (2), we get, x + T = x  A
2
1
 T  A
2
Ex.6 The side BC of ABC is produced, such that D is on ray BC. The bisector of A meets BC in L as shown in the
figure. Prove that ABC + ACD = ALC .
Sol. In ABC, by using
Exterior angle property
 = 1 +2x
Adding 1 to both sides
+ 2 = 1 +  + 2x
= 21+ 2x = 2 (1 + x)
 1 2 = 23
 ABC + ACD = 2ALC
Ex.7 The given figure shows a five point star. Find sum of the angle A + B + C + D + E.
Sol.

MATHEMATICS
Let BE intersects AC and AD at L and M respectively
Now, in MBD, by using exterior angle property 2 = B + D (1)
Similarly, in LCE, 1 = C + E (2)
In ALM , A + 1 + 2 = 180°
 A + C + E + B + D = 180º (From Eqs. (1) and (2))
Or A +B + C + D + E = 180°
Note: In n point star sum of all the angles at its vertices is ( n – 4)× 180°.
Ex.8 In a quadrilateral ABCD, AO and BO are the bisectors of A and B respectively, prove that
1
 AOB  (C  D)
2
Sol. In quadrilateral ABCD,A + B + C + D = 360°
 2x + 2y + C +D = 360º
1
 x  y  180 º  (C  D)
2
In AOB x , + y+ = 180°
1
 180 º  (C  D)  1  180 º
2
1
1  (C  D)
2

2. CONGRUENCE OF TRIANGLES
Two triangles are called congruent if and only if their shapes and sizes are both the same. In geometry, congruence
of triangles is a very important and basic tool in proving the equality relations or inequality relations of two
geometric elements (e.g. two segments, two angles, two sums of sides, two differences of angles, etc.). Two
triangles are congruent means they are the same in all aspects, so any corresponding geometric elements are equal
also. To prove two geometric elements being equal, it is convenient to construct two congruent triangles such that
the two elements are the corresponding elements of the congruent triangles. To prove two geometric elements are
equal or not equal, even though their positions are wide apart, by using the congruence of two triangles, we can
move the position of a triangle which carries one element, such that these two elements are positioned together so
their comparison becomes much easier.
Basic Criteria for Congruence of Two Triangles
(i) S.A.S.: Two sides and their included angle of one triangle are equal to those in the other triangle
correspondingly.

MATHEMATICS
(ii) A.A.S.: Two angles and one side of a triangle are equal to those in the other triangle correspondingly.
(iii) S.S.S.: Three sides of a triangle are equal to those of the other triangle correspondingly.
For right triangles, these criteria can be simplified as follows:
(iv) S.A.: One side and one acute angle of a right triangle are equal to those of the other right triangle correspond-
ingly.
(v) S.S.: Two sides of a right triangle are equal to those of the other right triangle correspondingly.
Ex.1 As shown in the diagram, given that in ABC, AB = AC, D is on AB and E is on the extension of AC such that
BD = CE. The segment DE intersects BC at G. Prove that DG = GE.
Sol.
From D introduce DF || AE, intersecting BC at F , as shown in the right diagram. Then
FDG = CEG, DGF = EGC.
Since BFD BCA = DBF , we have
DF = DB = CE.
Therefore
DFG  ECG(A.A.S.),
hence DG = GE.
Ex.2 Given BE and CF are the altitudes of the ABC. P, Q are on BE and the extension of CF respectively such that BP
= AC, CQ = AB. Prove that AP  AQ.
Sol. From AB  CQ and BE  AC 
ABE = QCA.
Since AB = CQ and BP = CA,
ABP  QCA (S.A.S.),

MATHEMATICS
 BAP = CQA,
 QAP = QAF + BAP
= QAF + CQA
= 180º – 90º = 90º.
Ex.3. In the equilateral ABC, the points D and E are on AC and AB respectively, such that BD and CE intersect at P
and the area of the quadrilateral ADPE is equal to area of BPC. Find BPE.
Sol. From E and D introduce EF  AC at F and DG  BC at G.
The condition [ADPE] = [BPC] implies that [ACE] = [CBD].
Since AC = BC, so EF = DG. Since A = C,
so RtAEF  RtCDG (A.S.).
therefore AE = CD, hence
AEC  CDB(S.A.S.).
Thus, DBC = ECD, so that BPE = PBC + PCB = PCD + PCB = 60º.
Ex.4 Given that ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 1, BDC is isosceles with DB = DC and BDC = 120º. If points
M and N are on AB and AC respectively such that MDN = 60º, find the perimeter of AMN.
Sol.  DBC = DCB = 30º,  DC  AC, DB  AB.
Extending AB to P such that BP = NC, then
DCN  DBP (S.S.), therefore DP = DN.
PDM = 60º = MDN implies that
PDM  MDN, (S.A.S.),
 PM = MN,
 MN = PM = BM + PM = BM + NC.
Thus, the perimeter of AMN is 2.
Note: Here the congruence PDM  MDN is obtained by rotating DCN to the position of DBP essentially.

MATHEMATICS
Ex.5 As shown in the figure, in ABC, D is the mid-point of BC, EDF = 90º, DE intersects AB at E and DF intersects
AC at F . Prove that
BE + CF > EF.
Sol. In this problem, for the comparison of BE + CF and EF it is needed to move the segments BE, EF, CF together in
a same triangle, and constructing congruent triangles can complete this task as follows.
Rotate DCF around D by 180º in clockwise direction, then
C  B, F  G.
Connect BG, EG, GD. Since BG = CF and GD = DF , we have
EDG  EDF, (S.S.),
hence
EF = EG < BE + BG = BE + CF.
Ex.6 Given that ABC is a right-angled isosceles triangle with ACB = 90º. D is the mid-point of BC, CE is
perpendicular to AD, intersecting AB and AD at E and F respectively. Prove that CDF = BDE.
Sol. It is inconvenient to compare CDF and BDE directly. To change the position of CDF , suppose that the
perpendicular line from B to BC intersects the line CE at G. Since AC = CB,
CAD = BCG = 90º – ACF,
ACD  CBG (S.A.),
 CDF = BGC = BGE.
 BD = CD = BG and DBE = GBE = 45º,
 BGE  BDE (S.A.S.),
hence  CDF = BGE = BDE.

3. SIMILAR FIGURES
Two geometric figures having the same shape and size are known as congruent figures. Geometric figures having
the same shape but different sizes are known as similar figures.

3.1 SIMILAR TRIANGLES
Two triangles ABC and DEF are said to be similar if their

MATHEMATICS
(i) Corresponding angles are equal.
D
B C E F
i.e. A = D, B = E, C = F
(ii) Corresponding sides are proportional. i.e.
AB BC AC
 
DE EF DF
(a) Characteristic Properties of Similar Triangles :
(i) (AAA Similarity) If two triangles are equiangular, then they are similar.
(ii) (SSS Similarity) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, then they are similar.
(iii) (SAS Similarity) If in two triangles, two pairs of corresponding sides are proportional and the included

angles are equal then the two triangles are similar.
(b) Results Based Upon Characteristic Properties of Similar Triangles :
(i) If two triangles are equiangular, then the ratio of the corresponding sides is the same as the ratio of the corre-
sponding medians.
(ii) If two triangles are equiangular, then the ratio of the corresponding sides is same as the ratio of the correspond-
ing angle bisector segments.
(iii) If two triangles are equiangular then the ratio of the corresponding sides is same as the ratio of the correspond-
ing altitudes.
(iv) If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the bisectors of these equal angles divide
the opposite side in the same ratio, then the triangles are similar.
(v) If two sides and a median bisecting one of these sides of a triangle are respectively proportional to the two
sides and the corresponding median of another triangle, then the triangles are similar.
(vi) If two sides and a median bisecting the third side of a triangle are respectively proportional to the correspond-
ing sides and the median of another triangle, then two triangles are similar.
MATHEMATICS
 Note :
1 1 1
If the ratio of sides of triangle is a : b : c, then ratio of their altitudes is : : .
a b c

4. THALES THOREM (BASIC PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM)
Statement : If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, then
the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
Given : A triangle ABC in which a line parallel to side BC intersects other two sides AB and AC at D and E
respectively.
A
N M
D E
B C
AD AE
To Prove :  .
DB EC
Construction : Join BE and CD and draw DM  AC and EN  AB.
Proof : Area of  ADE = base × height
= AD × EN.
Area of ADE is denoted as ar(ADE)
1
So, ar(ADE) = AD  EN
2
1
And ar(BDE) = AD  EN
2
1
AD  EN
ar(ADE) 2 AD
Therefore,   ... (i)
ar(BDE) 1 DB  EN DB
2
1
Similarly, ar(ADE) = AE  DM and ar(DEC)
2
1
= EC  DM
2
MATHEMATICS
1
AE  DM
ar(ADE) 2 AE
And   ... (ii)
ar(DEC) 1 EC  DM EC
2
Note that  BDE and  DEC are on the same base DE and between the two parallel lines BC and DE.
So, ar(BDE) = ar(DEC) ... (iii)
Therefore, from (i), (ii) and (iii), we have :
AD AE
 Hence Proved
DB EC

5. COROLLARY
If in a ABC, a line DE || BC, intersects AB in D and AC in E, then
DB EC AB AC AD AE AB AC DB EC
(i)  (ii)  (iii)  (iv)  (v) 
AD AE AD AE AB AC DB EC AB AC
A
D E
B C
(a) Converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem :
If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then the line must be parallel to the third side.
(b) Some Important Results and Theorems :
(i) The internal bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite side internally in the ratio of the sides
containing the angle.
(ii) In a triangle ABC, if D is a point on BC such that D divides BC in the ratio AB : AC, then AD is the bisector of
A.
(iii) The external bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite sides externally in the ratio of the sides
containing the angle.
(iv) The line drawn from the mid-point of one side of a triangle parallel to another side bisects the third side.
(v) The line joining the mid-points of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side.

MATHEMATICS
(vi) The diagonals of a trapezium divide each other proportionally.
(vii) If the diagonals of a quadrilateral divide each other proportionally, then it is a trapezium.
(viii) Any line parallel to the parallel sides of a trapezium divides the non-parallel sides proportionally.
(ix) If three or more parallel lines are intersected by two transversals, then the intercepts made by them on the
transversals are proportional.
Ex.1 In a ABC, D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively such that DE || BC. If AD = 4x – 3,
AE = 8x – 7, BD = 3x – 1 and CE = 5x – 3, find the value of x.
Sol. In ABC, we have
DE || BC
AD AE
  [By Basic Proportionality Theorem]
DB EC
4x  3 8x  7
 
3x  3 5x  3
 20x2 – 15x – 12x + 9 = 24x2 – 21x – 8x + 7
 20x2 – 27x + 9 = 24x2 – 29x + 7
 4x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
 2x2 – x – 1 = 0
 (2x + 1) (x – 1) = 0
1
 x = 1 or x = 
2
So, the required value of x is 1.

MATHEMATICS
1
[ x   is neglected as length can not be negative].
2
Ex.2 D and E are respectively the points on the sides AB and AC of a ABC such that AB = 12 cm,
AD = 8 cm, AE = 12 cm and AC = 18 cm, show that DE || BC.
Sol. We have,
AB = 12 cm, AC = 18 cm, AD = 8 cm and AE = 12 cm.
 BD = AB – AD = (12 - 8) cm = 4 cm
CE = AC – AE = (18 – 12) cm = 6 cm
AD 8 2
Now,  
BD 4 1
AE 12 2
And,  
CE 6 1
AD AE
 
BD CE
Thus, DE divides sides AB and AC of DABC in the same ratio. Therefore, by the converse of basic proportionality
theorem, we have DE || BC.
Ex.3 In a trapezium ABCD, AB || DC and DC = 2AB. EF drawn parallel to AB cuts AD in F and BC in E such that .
BE 3
 . Diagonal DB intersects EF at G. Prove that 7FE = 10AB.
EC 4
Sol. In DFG and DAB,
1 =  2 [Corresponding s AB || FG]
 FDG =  ADB [Common]
DFG ~ DAB [By AA rule of similarity]
DF FG
  … (i)
DA AB

MATHEMATICS
FDG = ADB [Common]
DFG ~ DAB [By AA rule of similarity]
DF FG
  … (i)
DA AB
Again in trapezium ABCD
EF || AB || DC
AF BE
 
DF EC
AF 3  BE 3 
 
DF 4  EC  4 (given) 
AF 3
 
DF 4
AF 3
 1  1
DF 4
AF  DF 7
 
DF 4
AD 7 DF 4
    … (ii)
DF 4 AD 7
From (i) and (ii), we get
FG 7 4
  i.e., FG  AB … (iii)
AB 4 7
In BEG and BCD, we have
BEG = BCD [Corresponding angle  EG || CD]

MATHEMATICS
GBE = DBC [Common]
BEG ~ BCD [By AA rule of similarity]
BE EG
 
BC CD
3 EG
 
7 CD
 BE 3 EC 4 EC  BE 4  3 BC 7 
 BC  7 i.e. BE  3  BE  3  BE  3 
3 3
 EG =  CD  (2AB) [  CD = 2AB (given)]
7 7
6
 EG = AB ... (iv)
7
Adding (iii) and (iv), we get
4 6 10
FG + EG = AB  AB  AB
7 7 7
10
 EF  AB i.e., 7EF = 10AB. Hence proved.
7
Area  ABD  AB
Ex.4 In ABC, if AD is the bisector of A, prove that 
Area  ACD  AC
Sol. In ABC, AD is the bisector of A.
AB BD
  .....(i)
AC DC
[By internal bisector theorem]

MATHEMATICS
From A draw AL  BC
1
BD.AL
 Area(ABD)  2 
BD AB
 [From (i)] Hence Proved.
Area(ACD) 1 DC.AL DC AC
2
Ex.5 In triangle ABC, BAC = 90º, AD is its bisector. If DE  AC, prove that DE × (AB + AC) = AB × AC.
Sol. It is given that AD is the bisector of A of D ABC.
AB BD
 
AC DC
AB BD
 1  1 [Adding 1 on both sides]
AC DC
AB  AC BD  DC
 
AC DC
AB  AC BC
  .....(i)
AC DC
A
90º
E
B D C
In 's CDE and CBA, we have
DCE = BCA [Common]
DEC = BAC [Each equal to 90º]
So, by AA-criterion of similarity
 CDE ~  CBA
CD DE
 
CB BA
AB BC
  .....(ii)
DE DC

MATHEMATICS
From (i) and (ii), we have
AB  AC AB
 
AC DE
 DE × (AB + AC) = AB × AC.

6. AREAS OF SIMILAR TRIANGLES

6.1 THEOREM
Statement : The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding
sides.
Given : Two triangles ABC and PQR such that ABC ~ PQR [Shown in the figure]
P
A
B C Q R
M N
2 2
ar(ABC)  AB   CA 
To prove :   
ar(PQR)  PQ   RP 
Construction : Draw altitudes AM and PN of the triangle ABC and PQR.
1
Proof : ar(ABC) = BC  AM
2
1
And ar(PQR) = QR × PN
2
1
BC  AM
ar(ABC) 2 BC  AM
So,   ... (i)
ar(PQR) 1 QR  PN
QR  PN
2
Now, in  ABM and  PQN,
And B = Q [As  ABC ~  PQR]
M = N [ 90º each ]
So,  ABM ~  PQN [AA similarity criterion]

MATHEMATICS
AM AB
Therefore,  ... (ii)
PN PQ
Also,  ABC ~  PQR [Given]
AB BC CA
So,   ... (iii)
PQ QR RP
ar(ABC) BC AB ar(ABC) BC AB
Therefore,     [From (i) and (ii)]
ar(PQR) QR PQ ar(PQR) QR PQ
AB AB
  [From (iii)]
PQ PQ
2
 AB 
 PQ 
 
Now using (iii), we get
2 2 2
ar(ABC)  AB   BC   CA 
   
ar(PQR)  PQ   QR   RP 
(a) Properties of Areas of Similar Triangles :
(i) The areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of corresponding altitudes.
(ii) The areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of the corresponding medians.
(iii) The area of two similar triangles are in the ratio of the squares of the corresponding angle bisector segments.
Ex. 6 Prove that the area of the equilateral triangle described on the side of a square is half the area of the equilateral
triangle described on its diagonal.
Sol. Given : A square ABCD. Equilateral triangles BCE and ACF have been described on side BC and diagonal AC
respectively.
1
To Prove : Area (BCE) = . Area (ACF)
2
Proof : Since BCE and ACF are equilateral. Therefore, they are equiangular ( each angle being equal to 60º)
and hence BCE ~ ACF.

MATHEMATICS
Area( BCE) BC 2
 
Area(ACF) AC2
Area(BCE) BC2 1
  2

Area(ACF)
 2BC  2
Area(BCE) 1
  Hence proved.
Area(ACF) 2

7. PYTHAGORAS THEOREM

7.1 THEOREM
Statement : In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
sides.
Given : A right triangle ABC, right angled at B.
To prove : AC2 = AB2 + BC2
Construction : BD  AC
Proof :  ADB &  ABC
DAB = CAB [Common]
BDA = CBA [90º each]

MATHEMATICS
So,  ADB ~  ABC [By AA similarity]
AD AB
 [Sides are proportional]
AB AC
or, AD . AC = AB2 ... (i)
Similarily  BDC ~  ABC
CD BC
So, 
BC AC
or CD . AC = BC2 ... (ii)
Adding (i) and (ii),
AD . AC + CD . AC = AB2 + BC2
or, AC (AD + CD) = AB2 + BC2
or, AC. AC = AB2 + BC2
or, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 Hence Proved.

7.2 CONVERSE OF PYTHAGORAS THEOREM
Statement : In a triangle, if the square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the
angle opposite to the first side is a right angle.
A D
B C E F
Given : A triangle ABC such that AC2 = AB2 + BC2
Construction : Construct a triangle DEF such that DE = AB, EF = BC and E = 90º.
Proof : In order to prove that B = 90º, it is sufficient to show  ABC ~  DEF. For this we proceed as follows.
Since  DEF is a right-angled triangle with right angle at E. Therefore, by Pythagoras theorem, we have
DF2 = DE2 + EF2
 DF2 = AB2 + BC2

MATHEMATICS
[  DE = AB and EF = BC (By construction)]
 DF2 = AC2 [  AB2 + BC2 = AC2 (Given)]
 DF = AC ......(i)
Thus, in ABC and DEF, we have
AB = DE, BC = EF [By construction]
And AC = DF [From equation (i)]
  ABC   DEF [By SSS criteria of congruency]
 B = E = 90º
Hence,  ABC is a right triangle, right angled at B.
(b) Some Results Deduced From Pythagoras Theorem :
(i) In the given figure ABC is an obtuse triangle, obtuse angled at B. If AD  CB,
then AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC. BD
(ii) In the given figure, if  B of ABC is an acute angle and AD  BC, then AC2 = AB2 + BC2 – 2BC . BD
(iii) In any triangle, the sum of the squares of any two sides is equal to twice the square of half of the third side
together with twice the square of the median which bisects the third side.
(iv) Three times the sum of the squares of the sides of a triangle is equal to four times the sum of the squares of the
medians of the triangle.
MATHEMATICS
Ex.7 BL and CM are medians of ABC right angled at A. Prove that 4 (BL2 + CM2) = 5 BC2.
Sol. In BAL
BL2 = AL2 + AB2 … (i) [Using Pythagoras theorem]
and, In CAM
CM2 = AM2 + AC2… (ii) [Using Pythagoras theorem]
Adding (1) and (2) and then multiplying by 4, we get
B
C
A L
4(BL2 + CM2) = 4(AL2 + AB2 + AM2 + AC2)
= 4{AL2 + AM2 + (AB2 + AC2)}
[ ABC is a right triangle]
= 4(AL2 + AM2 + BC2)
= 4(ML2 + BC2) [ LAM is a right triangle ]
= 4ML2 +4 BC2
BC
[A line joining mid-points of two sides is parallel to third side and is equal to half of it, ML = ]
2
= BC2 + 4BC2 = 5BC2. Hence proved.
Ex.8 In the given figure, BC  AB, AE  AB and DE  AC. Prove that DE. BC = AD. AB.
Sol. In ABC and EDA,
E
D
A B

MATHEMATICS
We have
 ABC =  ADE [Each equal to 90°]
 ACB =  EAD [Alternate angles]
 By AA Similarity
ABC ~ EDA
BC AD
 
AB DE
DE . BC = AD. AB. Hence Proved.
Ex.9 O is any point inside a rectangle ABCD (shown in the figure). Prove that OB2 + OD2 = OA2 + OC2.
Sol. Through O, draw PQ || BC so that P lies on AB and Q lies on DC.
A D
P Q
O
B C
Now, PQ || BC
Therefore,
PQ  AB and PQ  DC [ B = 90º and  C = 90º]
So,  BPQ = 90º and  CQP = 90º
Therefore, BPQC and APQD are both rectangles.
Now, from OPB,
OB2 = BP2 + OP2 ... (i)
Similarly, from ODQ,
OD2 = OQ2 + DQ2 ... (ii)
From OQC, we have
OC2 = OQ2 + CQ2 ... (iii)
And from  OAP, we have

MATHEMATICS
OA2 = AP2 + OP2 ... (iv)
Adding (i) and (ii)
OB2 + OD2 = BP2 + OP2 + OQ2 + DQ2
= CQ2 + OP2 + OQ2 + AP2 [As BP = CQ and DQ = AP]
= CQ2 + OQ2 + OP2 + AP2
= OC2 + OA2 [From (iii) and (iv)] Hence Proved.
Ex. 10 ABC is a right triangle, right-angled at C. Let BC = a, CA = b, AB = c and let p be the length of perpendicular form
C on AB, prove that
1 1 1
(i) cp = ab (ii) 2
 2 2
p a b
Sol. Let CD  AB. Then, CD = p
1 1 1
Area of ABC = (Base × height) = (AB × CD) = cp
2 2 2
A
c
D b
p
B a C
Also,
1 1
Area of  ABC = (BC × AC) = ab
2 2
1 1
 cp = ab
2 2
 cp = ab.
(ii) Since D ABC is a right triangle, right angled at C.
 AB2 = BC2 + AC2
 c2 = a2 + b2
MATHEMATICS
2
 ab   ab 
 cp  ab  c  p 
2 2
   a  b
 p  
a 2 b2
 2  a 2  b2
p
1 1 1
 2
 2 2
p b a
1 1 1
 2
 2 2
p a b
Ex.11 In an equilateral triangle ABC, the side BC is trisected at D. Prove that 9AD2 = 7AB2.
Sol. ABC be an equilateral triangle and D be point on BC such that
1
BD = BC (Given)
3
Draw AE  BC, Join AD.
BE = EC ( Altitude drown from any vertex of an equilateral triangle bisects the opposite side)
A
B D E C
BC
So, BE = EC =
2
In  ABC
AB2 = AE2 + EB2 ......(i)
AD2 = AE2 + ED2 ......(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
AB2 = AD2 – ED2 + EB2
BC2 BC2
AB2 = AD2 – 
36 4
MATHEMATICS
BC BC BC BC
( BD  DE    DE   DE  )
2 2 2 6
2BC2 BC2 BC
 AB    AD 2 ( EB  )
36 4 2
AB2 AB2
 AB2    AD 2 ( AB = BC)
36 7
36AB2  AB2  9AB2

  AD 2
36
28AB2
  AD2
36
7AB2 = 9AD2.
Ex.12 In the adjoining figure, D, E, F are the midpoints of the sides BC, CA and AB of ABC. If BE and DF intersect
1
at X while CF and DE intersect at Y, prove that XY = BC.
4
Sol. In ABC, F and E are the midpoints of AB and AC respectively.
A
F E
X Y
C
B D
 FE || BC and FE = BC = BD.
 FE || BD and FE = BD.
So, BDEF is a parallelogram whose diagonals BE and DF intersect each other at X.
X is the midpoint of DF.
Similarly, Y is the midpoint of DE.
Thus, in DEF, X and Y are the midpoints of DF and DE respectively.
1 1 1 1
So, XY || FE and XY = FE =  × BC = BC.
2 2 2 4

MATHEMATICS
Ex.13 In the adjoining figure, ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and AD = BC. If P, Q, R, S be respectively the
midpoints of BA, BD and CD, CA then show that PQRS is a rhombus.
Sol. In BDC, Q and R are the midpoints of BD and CD respectively.
1
QR || BC and QR = BC.
2
1
Similarly, PS || BC and PS = BC.
2
1
PS || QR and PS = QR [Each equal to BC.]
2
PQRS is a parallelogram.
In ACD, S and R are the midpoints of AC and CD respectively.
1 1
SR || AD and SR = AD = BC [ AD = BC]
2 2
 PS = QR = SR = PQ.
Hence, PQRS is a rhombus.
Ex.14 Prove that the line segment joining the midpoints of the diagonals of a trapezium is parallel to the parallel sides and
equal to half of their difference.
Sol. Let ABCD be a trapezium in which AB || DC, and let M and N be the midpoints of the diagonals AC and BD
respectively.
Join CN and produce it to meet AB at E.

MATHEMATICS
In CDN and EBN, we have
DN = BN [  N is midpoint of BD]
DCN = BEN [Alt. Int.]
CDN = EBN [Alt. Int. ]
 CDN  DEBN [AAS-criteria]
 DC = EB and CN = NE
Thus; in CAE, the points M and N are the midpoints of AC and CE respectively.
1
 MN || AE and MN = AE  MN || AB || DC
2
1 1 1
and MN = AE = (AB – EB) = (AB – DC) [  EB = DC].
2 2 2
Ex.15 AD, BE and CF be medians of a ABC. Prove that 2(AD + BE + CF) < 3(AB + BC + CA) < 4(AD + BE + CF).
Sol. In ABC, AD, BE and CF are medians. We know that these are concurrent. Let these meet at G.
Also AG : GD = BG : GE = CG : GF = 2 : 1
2 2 2
So, AG = AD, BG = BE, CG = CF..
3 3 3
Because in triangle, the sum of two sides is greater than the third,
So, in AGB, AG + BG > AB
in BGC, BG + CG > BC
in CGA, CG + AG > CA
A
F E
G
B D C

MATHEMATICS
Adding these, we get
2(AG + BG + CG) > AB + BC + CA
2 2 2 
or2  AD  BE  CF   AB  BC  CA
3 3 3 

or (AD  BE  CF)  AB BC CA
3
or 4(AD + BE + CF) > 3(AB + BC + CA) ... (i)
Now, in ABD
AB + BD > AD
1
or, AB + BC > AD (Since AD is a median)
2
1 1
Similarly, BC + CA > BE and CA + AB > CF
2 2
3
Adding these, we get (AB + BC + CA) > AD + BE + CF
2
or 3(AB + BC + CA) > 2(AD + BE + CF) ... (ii)
Combining (i) and (ii), we get
2(AD + BE + CF) < 3(AB + BC + CA) < 4(AD + BE + CF).
Ex. 16 In a ABC, AC > AB. The bisector of A meets BC at E. Prove that CE > BE.
Sol. Given : A ABC, in which AC > AB and AE bisects A
To Prove : CE > BE.
Construction : Take a point F on AC, such that AF = AB. Join BF and EF. Let BF intersect AE at O.
Proof : ABF is isosceles
(Since AB = AF, by construction)
AE bisects A (given)
 AE is the perpendicular bisector of BF, so any point on AE is equidistant from B and F. In particular,

MATHEMATICS
BE = FE ... (i)
So, in BEF,
EBF = EFB = a, say (angles opposite equal sides)
So, BEO = 90° – a = FEO (= , say)
Thus AE also bisects BEF.
Now, because in a triangle, exterior angle is the sum of interior opposite angles, so
EFC =  +  and ext B =  + 
So, EFC = ext B. But B = 2 + C, so EFC = 2 + C.
Therefore EFC > C
So, CE > FE
Hence CE > BE (using (i)).
1
Ex. 17 If the medians of ABC intersects at G, show that ar(AGB) = ar(AGC) = ar(BGC) = ar(DABC).
3
Sol. Given : A ABC such that its medians AD, BE & CF interest at G.

A
F E
G
B D C
To prove : ar(AGB) = ar(AGC) = ar(BGC)
1
= ar(DABC).
3
Proof : We know that medians of a triangle divides it into two triangles of equal area.
In ABC, AD is the median
 ar(ABD) = ar(ACD) .... (i)
In GBC, GD is the median

MATHEMATICS
 ar(GBD) = ar(GCD) .... (ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
ar(ABD) – ar(GBD) = ar(ACD) – ar(GCD)
 ar(AGB) = ar(AGC) ... (iii)
Similarly, ar(AGB) = ar(GBC) ... (iv)
From (iii) and (iv) we get
ar(AGB) = ar(AGC) = ar(BGC)
But, ar(AGB) + ar(AGC) + ar(BGC) = ar(ABC)
1
 3 ar(AGB) = ar(ABC)  ar(AGB) = ar(ABC)
3
1
Hence, ar(AGB) = ar(AGC) = ar(BCG) = ar(ABC).
3
Ex. 18 ABCD is a parallelogram. X and Y are mid–points of BC and CD respectively. Prove that
3
area (AXY) = area(parallelogram ABCD).
8
Sol. Since X and Y are the mid–points of sides BC and CD respectively in BCD.
1
 XY || BD and XY = BD.
2
1
area (CYX) = area(DBC)
4
1
= area (parallelogram ABCD). .. (i)
8

MATHEMATICS
1
[Since ar(DBC) = area (parallelogram ABCD)]
2
1
Parallelogram ABCD and ABX are between the same parallels AD and BC and BX = BC.
2
1
 area (ABX) = area (parallelogram ABCD) ... (ii)
4
1
Similarly, area (AYD) = area (parallelogram ABCD
4
Now, ar(AXY) = ar(parallelogram ABCD) – [ar(ABX) + ar(AYD) + ar(CYX)]
ar(AXY) = ar (parallelogram ABCD)
1 1 1
     ar(ABCD)
4 4 6
 5
ar(AXY) = 1   ar(parallelogram ABCD)
 8
3
= ar(parallelogram ABCD).
8
Ex. 19 In the figure AE : EB = 1: 2 and BD : DC = 5 : 3. Find EG : GC.
A
1
E
2
G
C
B 5 D 3
Sol. Through E, we draw a line parallel to AD, intersecting BC at M.
2 1
BM  5   and MD  5  
3 3

EG : GC = MD : DC = : 3 = 5 : 9.
3

MATHEMATICS
EXERCISE-I
ONLY ONE CORRECT TYPE . 4. In the given figure OBC and OKH are straight lines.
LINES AND ANGLES If AH = AK, b = 80º and c = 30º then the value of d
1. In Figure, D and E are the mid-points of sides AB is :
and AC respectively of ABC. Find EDB.
A
60°
D E
5cm
50° (A) 20º (B) 25º

B C
(C) 30º (D) 45º
(A) 110º (B) 120º
5. In given figure find the values of x and y, if
(C) 70º (D) 80º
QS = RQ.
2. In ABC, what is sum of the angles
R
a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i ?
S
A
103º
Yº
a 148º xº
X P Q
d
e (A) x = 36º, y = 32º (B) x = 45º, y = 32º
h
i g f c
B C (C) x = 32º, y = 45º (D) x = 45º, y = 26º
(A) 360º (B) 540º 6. In the figure, AB = BC = CD = DE = EF = FG =
(C) 600º (D) Cannot be determined GA, then find DAE (approximately)
3. P is a point inside ABC. If PBA = 20º,

BAC = 50º and, PCA = 35º, then the measure
of BPC is :
(A) 24º (B) 25º
(C) 26º (D) None of these
(A) 65º (B) 75º
(C) 90º (D) 105º

MATHEMATICS
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES 10. In the figure given below, PT  QR ,where PT is

7. In the above triangle ABC, EF || DC and the median drawn to QR . Which of the following
1 is/are sufficient to prove that PQT  SRT?
AC || FD EFD = BAC and ABC = 40°.
3
P
Find FEA.
A
Q R
F E T
B C
D
S
(A) 35° (B) 40°
(A) P, T and S are collinear points
(C) 80° (D) 105°
(B) PT = TS
8. In the figure above, ABC and DEC are two triangles.
(C) PR = RS
BAC = 40°, CDE = 30° and AFD = 100°.
(D) [(A) and (B)] or [(A) and (C)] or [(B) and (C)]
Find ACB.
11. In a rhombus PQRS, diagonals intersect at M. Which
A
of the following is true?
E (a) RMQ  PMS
F
D B
C (b) DRMS DPMS
(A) 30° (B) 40° (c) PMQ  RMQ
(C) 50° (D) 100° (A) Only (a) (B) Only (b)
9. In the figure given below, AB || CD and AC and (C) Both (a) and (b) (D) All (a), (b) and (c)
12. In the figure, AB = AD, BC = DC and AC  BD.
BD intersect at E. Which of the following is
necessarily true? Which of the following is necessarily true ?
D C A
y x
E
B D
O
x y
A B
(a) EBC  EAD
(b) ABC  BAD C
(c) ACD  BDC (A) ABC = ADC (B) BAD = BCD

(A) Only (a) (B) Both (b) and (c) (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
(C) Both (a) and (c) (D) None of the above

MATHEMATICS
13. In the figure below, BC is produced to F and CB 16. In the right-angled triangle QPR given below, PS is

is produced to the point E. AB, ED , intersect at G.. the altitude to the hypotenuse. The figure is followed
Find BAC. by three possible inferences.
A
30° D
G
120°
45°
E B C F
I. Triangle PQS and
(A) 30° (B) 45°
Triangle RPS are similar.
(C) 60° (D) 75°
II. Triangle PSQ and
14. In the above MNO, MC is the bisector of the
Triangle RSP are congruent.
NMO and MD is perpendicular to . If
III. Triangle PSQ and
M = 40° and N = 80°, then DMC is _____.
triangle RPQ are similar.
M
Mark the correct option
(A) I and II are correct
(B) I and III are correct
N D C O
(C) only II is correct
(A) 5° (B) 15°
(D) All three are correct
(C) 10° (D) None of the above
17. In the figure below, AL is perpendicular to BC and
SIMILAR TRIANGLES
CM is perpendicular to AB. If CL = AL = 2BL, find
15. In the diagram given below, ABD = CDB
MC
= PQD = 90º. If AB : CD = 3 : 1, the ratio of .
AM
CD : PQ is :
A
C B
L
(A) 2 (B) 3
(A) 1 : 0.69 (B) 1 : 0.75 (C) 4 (D) Cannot be determined
(C) 1 : 0.72 (D) None of the above.

MATHEMATICS
18. In the given figure, ABC is a right angled triangle. 21. In the figure A = CED, CD = 8 cm CE = 10 cm,

Also FG || DE || BC and AG = GE = EB. If BE = 2cm, AB = 9cm, AD = b and DE = a. The
DE = 12 cm, then the measure of BC is : value of a + b is :
(A) 12 cm (B) 18 cm
(C) 24 cm (D) 30 cm (A) 13 cm (B) 15 cm
19. In the below diagram, ABCD is a rectangle with (C) 12 cm (D) 9 cm
AE = EF = FB. What is the ratio of the areas of 22. Let X be any point on the side BC of a triangle ABC.
DCEF and that of the rectangle ? If XM, XN are drawn parallel to BA and CA
D C meeting CA, BA in M,N respectively ; MN meets
CB produced in T. Then
A
A E F B M
N
1 1
(A) (B)
6 8 T
B X
C
1 (A) TB2 = TX × TC (B) TC2 = TB × TX
(C) (D) None of these
9
(C) TX2 = TB × TC (D) TX2 = 2(TB × TC)
20. In the figure DF || AG, DE || AB, AB = 15, CD = 8,
23. The altitude of the given triangle are AP = 3, BQ = 4
AD = x, DE = 10, FG = y and CG = 6. The ratio
and CR = 5. What is the ratio of BC : AC : AB ?
x : y equal to :
(A) 20 : 15 : 12 (B) 20 : 12 : 15
(C) 15 : 12 : 20 (D) 3 :4 : 5
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1: 3
(C) 2 : 1 (D) 3 : 2

MATHEMATICS
24. If the sides of a right triangle are 9, 12 and 15 cm 29. In the given figure, DE || BC and AD : DB = 5 : 4,

long, then the sum of squares of medians is :
find area(DFE) .
(A) 227.5 (B) 337.5 area(CFB)
(C) 537.5 (D) None of these A
25. In a ABC, AB = AC = 2.5 cm, BC = 4 cm. Find
D E
its height from A to the opposite base :
F
(A) 1.5 cm (B) 1 cm B C
(C) 2 cm (D) 3 cm (A) 5 : 9 (B) 25 : 16
26. In figure, PA, QB and RC are each perpendicular (C) 25 : 81 (D) None of these
1 1 30. In a triangle ABC, the internal bisector of the angle
to AC. Then :  
x z
A meets BC at D. If AB = 4, AC = 3 and A = 60º,
then the length of AD is :
12 3
(A) 2 3 (B)
7
(A) 1 (B) y
15 3
1 (C) (D) None of these
(C) (D) None 8
y PYTHAGORAS THEOREM
27. A square ABCD is constructed inside a triangle PQR 31. In the following figure, AE  BC, D is the mid point
having sides 10, 17 and 21 as shown in figure. Find of BC, then x is equal to
the perimeter of the square ABCD. A
b
c
h d
B E x D C
a
(A) 28 (B) 23.2
1 2 2 a2  hd
(C) 25.4 (D) 28.8 (A)  b  d  (B)
a 4  3
28. Two triangles ABC and PQR are similar, if
cdh a 2  b2  d 2  c2
QR (C) (D)
BC : CA : AB = 1 : 2 : 3, then is : 2 4
PR
32. In a triangle ABC, ifB = 90º and D is the point in
2 1
(A) (B) BC such that BD = 2 DC, then :
3 2
(A) AC2 = AD2 + 3 CD2
1 2
(C) (D) (B) AC2 = AD2 + 5 CD2
2 3
(C) AC2 = AD2 + 7 CD2
(D) AC2 = AB2 + 5 BD2

MATHEMATICS
33. Let XOY be a right angled triangle with 38. ABC and DEF are two similar triangles such that
XOY = 90º. Let M and N be the midpoints of BC = 4 cm, EF = 5 cm and Area of ABC = 64
legs OX and OY, respectively. Given that XN = 19 cm2 . Then, the area of DEF is :
and YM = 22, the length XY is equal to : (A) 50 cm2 (B) 75 cm2
(A) 24 (B) 26 (C) 100 cm2 (D) None of these
(C) 28 (D) 34 39. Altitude of an equilateral triangle of side 2a is :
34. If CD = 15, DB = 9, AD bisects A, (A) 2 3 a (B) 3 a
ABC = 90º, then AB has length : a
3
(C) a (D)
2 3
40. In the given figure AB = AC and DEF is an
equilateral . Then the relation between a,b and c is
.
(A) 32 (B) 18
(C) 7 (D) 24
MISCELLANEOUS
35. The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25 cm
and 15 cm respectively. If one side of first triangle is
9 cm, then the corresponding side of the other
ac ac
triangle is : (A) b  (B) b 
2 2
(A) 6.2 cm (B) 3.4 cm
ac bc
(C) 5.4 cm (D) 8.4 cm (C) a  (D) a 
2 2
36. In a triangle ABC, a straight line parallel to BC in- 41. What is the sum of the interior angles of polygon in
tersects AB and AC at point D and E respectively.
the .
If the area of ADE is one-fifth of the area of ABC
and BC = 10 cm, then DE equals :
(A) 2 cm (B) 2 cm
(C) 4 cm (D) 4 cm
37. ABC is a right-angle triangle, right angled at A. A
circle is inscribed in it. The lengths of the two sides
containing the right angle are 6 cm and 8 cm, then
(A) 360º (B) 720º
radius of the circle is :
(A) 3 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 900º (D) 1080º
(C) 4 cm (D) 8 cm
MATHEMATICS
42. In a parallelogram ABCD, if bisectors of internal 47. In the given, AB = AC, CH = CB and HK || BC. If

angles A and B meets at point O then AOB = exterior angle CAX is 140º, then find KHC.
(A) 60º (B) 90º X
(C) 45º (D) 75º
43. If all the interior angles of a polygon are equal then A
which of the following can not be measure of

H K
interior angle.
(A) 156º (B) 144º
(C) 130º (D) 120º B
44. If each interior angle of a regular polygon is 135º (A) 45º (B) 55º

then number of sides in the polygon is. (C) 50º (D) 40º
(A) 7 (B) 8 48. The current time in the watch is 5 : 25 pm. If minute’s
(C) 9 (D) 10 hand trees an angle of 60º then what will be the new
45. In the diagram, PQR is a straight line SQR is an shown in the clock .
equilateral triangle. Find the value of x. (A) 6 : 25 pm (B) 5 : 37 pm
(C) 5 : 45 pm (D) 5 : 35 pm
49. In ABC, BAC = 90º and AD is perpendicular
to BC, If BAD = 40º, then ACD = ?
(A) 20 (B) 40
(C) 60 (D) 100
46. In the given figure ABCD is a parallelogram. BP and
CQ are bisectors of B and C respectively. If
(A) 40º (B) 50º
OQA = 130º then A = ?
(C) 140º (D) 60º
50. A vertical stick 20 m long casts a shadow 10 m long
on the ground. At the same time, a tower casts a
A shadow 50 m long on the ground. The height of the
(A) 100º (B) 80º tower is .
(C) 120º (D) 150º (A) 100 m (B) 120 m
(C) 25 m (D) 200 m

MATHEMATICS
51. Sides of two similar triangles are in the ratio 4 : 9. 57. In a ABC, point D is on side AB and Point E is on

Areas of these triangles are in the ratio. side AC, such that BCED is a trapezium. If
(A) 2 : 3 (B) 4 : 9 DE : BC : = 3 : 5, then Area (ADE) : Area (
(C) 81 : 16 (D) 16 : 81 BCED).

(A) 3 : 4 (B) 9 : 16
52. The areas of two similar triangle ABC and DEF
(C) 3 : 5 (D) 9 : 25
are 144 cm2 and 81 cm2 respectively. If the longest
AB BC
side of ABC be 36 cm, then longest side of the 58. If in  ABC and  DEF,  , then
DE FD
triangle DEF is .
ABC ~ EDF when .
(A) 20 (B) 26 cm
(A) A = F (B) A = D
(C) 27 cm (D) 30 cm
(C) B = D (D) B = E
53. ABC and BDE are two equilateral triangles such
59. ABC ~DEF. If BC = 3 cm, EF = 4 cm and ar
that D is the mid - point of BC. The ratio of the
(ABC) = 54 cm2, then ar (DEF) =
areas of triangles ABC to BDE is .
(A) 108 cm2 (B) 96 cm2
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 2
(C) 48 cm2 (D) 100 cm2
(C) 4 : 1 (D) 1 : 4
60. In the figure C is a right angle, DE AB, AE = 6,
54. If ABC and DEF are similar such that
EB = 7 and BC = 5. The area of the quadrilaterla
2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm, then EF is
EBCD is
(A) 16 cm (B) 12 cm
(C) 8 cm (D) 4 cm
55. If ABC is such that AB = 3 cm, BC = 2 cm and
CA = 2.5 cm. If DEF ~ ABC and EF = 4 cm,
then perimeter of DEF is.
(A) 7.5 cm (B) 15 cm
(C) 22.5 cm (D) 30 cm
56. XY is drawn parallel to the base BC of ABC
cutting AB at X and AC at Y. If AB = 4 BX and (A) 27.5 (B) 25
YC = 2 cm, then AY = (C) 22.5 (D) 20
(A) 2 cm (B) 4 cm
(C) 6 cm (D) 8 cm

MATHEMATICS
61. Two equilateral triangles having side 12 cm are 64. A rectangular piece of paper 12 cm × 18 cm is folded

placed to form a regular six pointed star (as shown along one diagonal which creasts M - shaped
in figure), find area of shaded part. region. Find area of this region .
(A) 112 cm2 (B) 124 cm2
(C) 138 cm2 (D) 148 cm2
(A) 48 3 cm2 (B) 24 3 cm2
(C) 36 3 cm2 (D) 12 3 cm2 65. Let ABC be an acute angled triangle in which D,E,
62. In the given figure ABCD is a square of side x cm F, are points an BC, respectively such that

such that BP = 9 cm, PQ = 3 cm, and DQ = 12cm, AD  BC, AE = EC and CF bisects C. Suppose
P = Q = 90º then x =
CF meets AD & DE in M and N respectively. If
x
A B FM = 2, MN = 1, NC = 3. Find perimeter of
9 cm
P ABC.
x 3 cm
x
Q
(A) 6 3 (B) 12 3
12 cm
(C) 24 (D) 12
D C
x
66. ABCD is a square P is a point in interior such that
(A) 18 cm (B) 15 cm
PAB is equilateral. The measure of PCB is.
(C) 16 cm (D) 14 cm
(A) 45º (B) 30º
63. In the given figure AD is median, AB = AE = 4 cm,
GE = 2 cm and EC = 3 cm find BG. (C) 60º (D) 75º
A
67. Two poles of height a and b are c meter apart. The
height of intersection of the lines joining the top of
4 cm
4 cm
each pole to the foot of opposite pole is.
2 cm E
G ab ab
3 cm (A) (B)
ab ab
B C
D 1 a
(A) 3 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C)  (D) None of these
2 b
(C) 3.5 cm (D) 4.5 cm

MATHEMATICS
68. In ABC, AD,BE & CF are angle bisectors. If
AB = 4 cm, BC = 5 cm & AC = 6 cm. Find AI.
F E
I
B D C
(A) 2 (B) 3.5
(C) 2 2 (D) 3 2
69. A triangle is divided into 6 parts by the three
medians of the triangle, and area of the one part is 6
units. Find the area of the triangle.
(A) 12 (B) 18
(C) 24 (D) 36

MATHEMATICS
EXERCISE-II
1. In ABC, ACB = 60º, BAC = 75º, AD  BC 9. In RtABC, C = 90º, CD  AB at D, AF bisects
at D, BE  AC at E, AD intersects BE at H. Find A, intersects CD and CB at E and F respectively.
CHD in degrees. If EG is parallel to AB, intersecting CB at G, prove
2. ABC is equilateral, D is an inner point of ABC that CF = GB.
and P is a point outside ABC such that AD = BD, 10. In ABC, AC = 2AB and A = 2C. Prove that
AB = BP , and BD bisects CBP . Find BPD.
AB  BC.
3. Given that the side of the square ABCD is 1, points
11. In a given quadrilateral ABCD, AB = AD,
P and Q are on AB and AD respectively, such that
the perimeter of APQ is 2. Find PCQ in degrees BAD = 60º, BCD = 120º. Prove that
by use of congruence of triangles. BC + DC = AC.
4. In an isosceles triangle ABC, AB = BC, B = 20º. 12. In ABC, ABC = ACB = 80º. The point P is
M, N are on AB and BC respectively such that on AB such that BP C = 30º.Prove that AP = BC.
MCA = 60º, NAC = 50º. Find NMC in
13. ABCD is a square, E and F are the midpoints of the
degrees.
sides AB and BC respectively. If M is the point of
5. In the square ABCD, AB = 8, Q is the midpoint of
the side CD. Let DAQ = . On CD take a point intersection of CE and DF , prove that AM = AD.
P such that BAP = 2. If AP = 10, find CP . 14. ABCD is a trapezium with AD || BC,

6. In the pentagon ABCDE, ABC = AED = 90º, ABC = BAD = 90º, and DE = EC = BC. Prove
AB = CD = AE = BC + DE = 1. Find the area of 1
that DAE = .
3
ABCDE.
15. Given that C is an isosceles right triangle with
7. D is an inner point of an equilateral ABC satisfying
AC = BC and ACB = 90º. D is a point on AC
ADC = 150º. Prove that the triangle formed by
taking the segments AD, BD, CD as its three sides and E is on the extension of BD such that AE  BE.
1
is a right triangle. If AE = BD , prove that BD bisects ABC.
2
8. Given that the segment BD is on a line l. On one 16. In the figure PQ & PR are produced and
side of l take a point C and construct two squares SQR < TRQ. Produce that PR > PQ.
ABCK and CDEF respectively outside the 4CBD. P
Let M be the midpoint of the segment AE, prove R
Q
that the position of M is independent of the choice T
S
of the position of C.
MATHEMATICS
17. In the figure AP  l , AP is the shortest line segment 25. ABC is a triangle in which AB = AC. If the
that can drawn from A to line l. If PR > PQ show bisectors of B and C meet AC and AB in D
that AR > AQ. and E respectively, prove that BD = CE.
A
Q
P R 
18. Prove that perimeter of a triangle is greater than sum
of its three median.
26. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AB || DC and P
19. Prove that the sum of the three altitude of a  is less
is the mid point BC. On producing, AP and DC
than sum of the three sides of a triangle.
meet at Q. Prove that DQ = DC + AB.
20. G is the centroid of ABC, then prove
AG 2 + BG 2 + CG 2 1
that  .
AB2 + BC 2 + CA 2 3
21. Show that a triangle with sides 3, 4, 5 is the only
right angle triangle with integer side, where semi
27. In ABC, AB = AC and the bisectors of B and
sperimeter equal its area.
C meets at point O. Prove that BO = CO and
22. If the median BE and CF are equal in ABC. Prove
AO bisects  A.
that AB = AC.
23. S is any point on the sides QR of DQR. Show that
DQ + QR + RD > 2DS.
D
Q S R
24. In the given figure,AB = AC and OB = OC. 28. In the given figure, if x = y and AB = CB, then
prove that AE = CD.
Prove that ABO = ACO.
A
O
B C
MATHEMATICS
29. In the given figure, C is the midpoint of AB. If
35. In the figure PS = PR, TPS = QPR. Prove that
DCA = ECB and DBC = EAC, prove that
PT = PQ.
DC = EC.
T S R Q
36. Equilateral triangle BAD & CAE are drawn on the
30. In the given figure ABC is a right angled triangle in side AB, AC of an equilateral triangle ABC
which BCA = 2 BAC. Prove that AC = 2BC. externally to the triangle. Show that D, A, E are
collinear.
37. In the given figure PQ > PR and QS and RS are the
bisectors of Q and R repsectively. Show that
SQ > SR.
31. In a right ABC B = 90º and D is the mid point of
1
AC. Prove that BD = AC.
2
32. In the figure AB > AC. D is any point on side BC of
ABC. Show that AB > AD.
38. Show that sum of three altitudes of a triangle is less
A
than the sum of three sides of the triangle.
39. In PQR, if S is any point on the side QR. Show
B C
D that PQ + QR + RP > 2PS.
33. AD is the bisector of A of a ABC, D lies on BC. 40. S is any point in the interior of PQR. Show that
Show that AB > BD and AC > CD. SQ + SR < PQ + PR.
34. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC, BD and
CE are two medians. Prove that BD = CE.

MATHEMATICS
41. In the given figure, AD is the median. Prove that
AB + AC > 2AD.
B D C
42. In ABC, the internal bisector of  B and C meet
A
at P. Prove that BPC = 90  .
2

MATHEMATICS
EXERCISE-III
1. L, M and N are mid points of sides AB, BC and CA 6. The diagonals of a quadrilateral are equal and bisect
of triangle ABC. If area of triangle ABC is 48 units, each other. The quadrilateral has to be :
the area of triangle LMN will be : [NSEJS-2008] [NSEJS 2009]
(A) 6 units (B) 8 units (A) any parallelogram (B) any rectangle
(C) 12 units (D) 24 units (C) any trapezium (D) any rhombus
2. The adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 15 cm 7. ABCD is a parallelogram. 'P' is a point on AD such
and 10cm. If length of one diagonal of this 1
that AP = AD and 'Q' is a point on BC such that
parallelogram is 20 cm, the length of other diagonal 3
will be : [NSEJS 2008] 1
CQ = BC. Then AQCP is a :[NSTSE 2010]
(A) 30 cm (B) 5 10 3
(A) Parallelogram (B) Rhombus
(C) 10 5 cm (D) 4 30 cm
(C) Rectangle (D) Square
3. In the parallelogram, the value of “x” is :
8. The degree measure of each of the three angles of a
[NSTSE 2009]
triangle is an integer. Which of the following could
80º
not be the ratio of their measures ?
xº 150º [NSTSE 2010]
(A) 30º (B) 50º (A) 2: 3 : 4 (B) 3 : 4 : 5
(C) 70º (D) 80º (C) 5 : 6 : 7 (D) 6: 7 : 8
4. Given two similar triangles one of which has twice 9. ABC is a right angled triangle, where B = 90º.
the perimeter of the other, by what factor is the area CD and AE are medians. If AE = x and CD = y
of the larger triangle bigger than the smaller ? then, correct statement is : [NSTSE 2010]
A
[NSTSE 2009]
(A) 2 (B) 4
x
D
(C) 2 (D) 2 y
5. In the figure shown, PQ || RS and SM || TN. Then C
B E
measure of angle a is : [NSEJS 2009]
(A) x2 + y2 = AC2 (B) x2 + y2 = 2AC2
L M
(C) x2 + y2 = AC2 (D) x2 + y2 = AC2
N
29º
R
S
62º
P T Q
(A) 58º (B) 118º
(C) 89º (D) 91º
MATHEMATICS
10. If the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is 41 cm 15. AD, BE and CF are the medians of ABC. The

and the area of the triangle is 180 sq cm, then the sum of lengths of segments BE and CF is :
difference between the lengths of the legs of the [NSEJS-2010]
triangle must be : [NSTSE 2010] 3 5
(A)  BC (B)  BC
(A) 22 cm (B) 25 cm 2 3
(C) 27 cm (D) 31 cm 3 2
(C)  BC (D)  BC
11. In ABC, segments AD, BE and CF are the 2 3
16. In the figure shown AB is parallel to DE.
altitudes. If AB × AC = 28.80 and BE × CF = 20,
The difference between angles x and y is :
then AD × BC equals [NSEJS 2010]
[NSEJS-2010]
(A) 24.4 (B) 24.2
A B
(C) 24.0 (D) 23.8 35º
y c
12. If the altitudes of a triangle are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4, x
then the lengths of the corresponding sides are in the
53º
ratio: [NSEJS 2010] D E
(A) 2 : 3 : 4 (B) 6 : 4 : 3 (A) 0º (B) 4º

(C) 3 : 2 : 4 (D) 3 : 2 : 1 (C) 10º (D) 12º
13. All the three sides of a D ABC have lengths in 17. In  ABC, D is a point on side AC such that
integral units, with AB = 2001 units and BC = 1002 ABD = ½ ABC. If AB = 36, BC = 48,
units. The possible number of triangles with this CD = 28, then the length DA will be :
condition is : [NSEJS 2010] [NSEJS-2011]
(A) 2001 (B) 2002 (A) 20 (B) 21
(C) 2003 (D) 2004 (C) 22 (D) 24
14. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio 6 : 8 : 9. 18. In the figure shown below, DEIIBC and
Therefore: [NSEJS 2010] AD = 3x – 2, AE = 5x – 4, BD = 7x – 5 and
(A) Angles of the triangle are in the ratio 6 : 8 : 9 CE = 5x – 3. Therefore , the value of x is :
(B) It is an acute angled triangle [NSEJS-2011]
A
(C) It is a right angled triangle
(D) It is an obtuse angled triangle
D E
B C
7
(A) only 1 (B) only
10
7 10
(C) 1 or (D)
10 7

MATHEMATICS
19. Consider triangles having integer sides such that no 23. In the adjoining figure segment AD, BE and CF are

side is greater than 4 units. How many such triangles the altitudes of triangles ABC. Find AD × BC if
are possible? [NSEJS 2012] AB × AC = 409.6, BE × CF = 202.5
(A) 13 (B) 17 (NSEJS 2015)
(C) 24 (D) 64
20. In the adjoining figure AQ = 2, QB = 4, BP = 3,
PC = 5, CR = 6 and RA = 4. Find the area of
triangle PQR. [NSEJS 2012]
(A) 225 (B) 256
(C) 288 (D) 312
24. A triangle has perimeter 316 and its sides are of
integer length. The maximum possible area for such
(A) 4.8 (B) 5.2
a triangle is achieved for : (NSEJS 2016)
(C) 5.8 (D) 6.2
(A) Single triangle
21. Let m be the number of distinct (non congruent)
(B) Two triangles
integer-sided triangles each with perimeter 15 and n
(C) Three triangles
be the number of distinct (non congruent) integer
(D) More than three triangles
sided triangles each with perimeter 16. Then m – n
25. In triangle ABC, segment AD, segment BE and
equals [NSEJS 2013]
Segment CF are altitudes. If AB × AC = 172.8
(A) –2 (B) 0
cm2 and BE × CF = 108.3 cm2 then AD × BC =
(C) 2 (D) –4
____. (NSEJS 2017)
22. A ray of light is incident on system of mirror as shown
(A) 136.8 cm2 (B) 132.4 cm2
in the adjacent figure. What is the total deflection
(C) 129.2 cm2 (D) 128.6 cm2
(d) of the ray when it emerges out after two
26. Let ABCD be a rectangle. Let X and Y be points
reflections ? [NSEJS 2014]
respectively on AB and CD such that
d AX : XB = 1 : 2 = CY : YD. Join AY and CX; let
DX intersect AY in L. If m/n denotes the ratio of the
area of XKYL to that of ABCD, then m + n
70°
equals (NSEJS 2018)
(A) 220° (B) 180° (A) 9 (B) 11
(C) 120° (D) 140° (C) 13 (D) 15

MATHEMATICS
27. In a triangle ABC, a point D on AB is such that 31. I is the incenter of a triangle ABC in which

AD : AB 1 : 4 and DE is parallel to BC with E on A=80º.BIC = (NMTC 2018)
AC. Let M and N be the midpoints of DE and BC (A) 120º (B) 110º
respectively. What is the ratio of the area of (C) 125º (D) 130º
quadrilateral BNMD to that of triangle ABC? 32. In  ABC, the medians through B and C are
(NSEJS 2018) perpendicular. Then b2 + c2 is equal to :
1 9 (NMTC 2019)
(A) (B)
4 32 (A) 2a2 (B) 3a2
7 15 (C) 4a2 (D) 5a2
(C) (D)
32 32 33. ABC is a triangle and AD is its altitude. If
28. In a triangle ABC, let AD be the median from A; let 3(AB2  AC2 )
BD = 5DC, then the value of is
E be a point on AD such that AE : ED = 1 : 2; and let BC2
AF ______. (NMTC 2018)
BE extended meets AC in F. The ratio of :
FC 34. A triangle with perimeter 7 has integer side lengths.
(NSEJS 2018) What is the nearest integer to the maximum possible
1 1 area of such a triangle ? (PRMO 2012)
(A) (B) 35. In  ABC, we have AC = BC = 7 and AB = 2.
6 5
1 1 Suppose that D is a point on line AB such that B lies
(C) (D) between A and D and CD = 8. What is the length of
4 3
29. In rectangle ABCD, AB = 5 and BC = 3. Points F the segment BD ? (PRMO 2012)
and G are on the line segment CD so that DF =1 36. In a triangle with integer side lengths, one side is
and GC = 2. Lines AF and BG intersect at E. What three times as long as a second side, and the length
is the area of AEB? (NSEJS 2019) of the third side is 17. What is the greatest possible
15 perimeter of the triangle ? (PRMO 2014)

(A) 10 sq. units (B) sq. units 37. In a triangle ABC, X and Y are points on the
2
25 segments AB and AC, respectively, such that
(C) sq. units (D) 20 sq. units
2 AX : XB = 1 : 2 and AY : YC = 2 : 1. If the area of
30. The length of each side of a triangle in increased by triangle AXY is 10 then what is the area of triangle
20% then the percentage increase of area is : ABC ? (PRMO 2014)
(NMTC 2018) 38. Let XOY be a triangle with  XOY = 90º. Let M
(A) 60% (B) 120% and N be the midpoints of legs OX and OY,
(C) 80% (D) 44% respectively. Suppose that XN = 19 and YM = 22.
What is XY ? (PRMO 2014)

MATHEMATICS
39. What is the greatest possible perimeter of a

right - angled triangle with integar side lengths if one
of the sides has length 12 ? (PRMO 2015)
40. Consider a right - angled triangle ABC with
 C = 90º. Suppose that the hypotenuse AB is
divided into four equal parts by the points D, E. F,
such that AD = DE = EF = FB. If
CD2 + CE2 + CF2 = 350, find the length of AB.
(PRMO 2016)
41. Consider a triangle ABC with AB = 13, BC = 14,
CA = 15, A line perpendicular to BC divides the
interior of ABC into two regions of equal area.
Suppose that the aforesaid perpendicular cuts BC
at D, and cuts  ABC again at E. If L is the length of
the line segment DE, find L2. (PRMO 2016)
42. Suppose the altitudes of a triangle are 10, 12 and
15. If its semi - perimeter is s, then find the value of
7s ? (PRMO 2017)
43. Triangles ABC and DEF are such that  A =  D,
AB = DE = 17, BC = EF = 10 and AC – DF = 12.
What is AC + DF ? (PRMO 2018)
44. Let D be an interior point of the side BC of a
triangle ABC. Let I1 and I2 be the incentres of
triangles ABD and ACD respectively. Let AI1 and
AI 2 meet BC in E and F respectively. If
BI1E = 60º. What is measure of CI2F in
degrees ? (PRMO 2018)
45. In a triangle ABC, the median AD (with D on BC)
and the angle bisector BE (with E on AC) are per
pendicular to each other. If AD = 7 and BE = 9, find
the integer nearest to the area of triangle ABC.
(PRMO 2019)

MATHEMATICS
Answer Key

EXERCISE I
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

A B D B D C A A D D D A B C B

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

B B B A C A C A B A C B B C B

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

A B B B B B B C B D D B C B B
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

A D D A A D C C A B C B C B C

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

B B C C B D D C D

EXERCISE II
1. 45 2. 30 3. 45 4. 30 5. 2 6. 1

EXERCISE III
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

C B C B C B A D D D C B C B C

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
B B A A C C D C A A B D C C D
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
D D 2 2 3 49 45 26 84 20 112 60 30 30 47

Triangles Ajm Mathematics Level - 9

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AJM MATHEMATICS

JEE Main & Advanced | XI-XII Foundation| VI-X Pre-Foundation

Office : Piprali Road, Sikar (Raj.) | Ph. 01572-241911

THEORY ..........................................................................Page –03

EXERCISE – I ................................................................ Page –37

EXERCISE – II .............................................................. Page –47

EXERCISE – III ............................................................ Page –51

ANSWER KEY ............................................................... Page –56

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 4

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 5

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 6

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 7

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 8

Basic Criteria for Congruence of Two Triangles

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 9

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 10

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 11

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 12

(a) Characteristic Properties of Similar Triangles :

(i) (AAA Similarity) If two triangles are equiangular, then they are similar.

(ii) (SSS Similarity) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, then they are similar.

(iii) (SAS Similarity) If in two triangles, two pairs of corresponding sides are proportional and the included

(b) Results Based Upon Characteristic Properties of Similar Triangles :

(a) Converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem :

(b) Some Important Results and Theorems :

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 15

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 16

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 17

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 18

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 19

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 20

Given : Two triangles ABC and PQR such that ABC ~ PQR [Shown in the figure]

And B = Q [As  ABC ~  PQR]

So,  ABM ~  PQN [AA similarity criterion]

(a) Properties of Areas of Similar Triangles :

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 22

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 23

So,  ADB ~  ABC [By AA similarity]

or, AD . AC = AB2 ... (i)

or, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 Hence Proved.

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 24

 DF2 = AC2 [  AB2 + BC2 = AC2 (Given)]

(b) Some Results Deduced From Pythagoras Theorem :

= BC2 + 4BC2 = 5BC2. Hence proved.

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 26

DE . BC = AD. AB. Hence Proved.

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 27

= OC2 + OA2 [From (iii) and (iv)] Hence Proved.

36AB2  AB2  9AB2

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 30

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 31

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 32

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 33

Sol. Given : A ABC such that its medians AD, BE & CF interest at G.

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 34

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 35

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 36

50° (A) 20º (B) 25º

(A) 360º (B) 540º 6. In the figure, AB = BC = CD = DE = EF = FG =

(C) 600º (D) Cannot be determined GA, then find DAE (approximately)

3. P is a point inside ABC. If PBA = 20º,

Matrix : www.matrixedu.in ; Email : smd@matrixacademy.co.in TRIANGLES 37

CONGRUENT TRIANGLES 10. In the figure given below, PT  QR ,where PT is