Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
MELC: Investigate the relationship between the amount of force applied and the mass of the object to the amount of change in the object’s motion. (S8FE-Ia-15)
Day Monday
I. Objectives A. Describe the
A. Knowledge fundamental principles of
B. Skills force and motion.
C. Attitude/Values
B. Investigate the effects of
balanced and unbalanced
forces on an object
C. Appreciate Physics
through its application to
practical situations.
II. -Subject Matter FORCES AND MOTION
-References Science 8 Module 1,
Lesson 1
III. Procedure
A. Preparation Engage students in learning
(Introductory the concept by asking them
Activity, Drill, to perform the following
activities.
Review of Past
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE
Weekly Prototype Plan for SCIENCE-8
Quarter 1, SLM/Week 4, September 12-16, 2022
(S8FE-Ia-15)
Tuesday Wednesday
A. Identify the types of A. Investigate the
contact and non-contact relationship between the
forces. amount of force applied
and the mass of the object
B. Investigate the types of to the amount of change in
forces. the object’s motion.
C. Connect interactions B. Demonstrate Newton’s
between objects with the first Law of Motion.
idea of a force.
C. Relate the principles of
inertia to the motion of
objects in everyday
situations.
Types of forces Newton’s First Law of
Motion: Law of Inertia
Science 8 Module 1, Science 8 Module 2,
Lesson 2 Lesson 1
What will you do to move Start the lesson by
or roll the ball? providing students with a
What do you understand of demonstration on the
the term “push” and properties of inertia. Note:
Thursday Friday
A. State Newton’s second A. Infer that when a body
law of Motion. exerts a force on another,
an equal amount of force
B. Perform various activities is exerted back on it.
involving Newton’s second
Law of Motion. B. Explain the phenomena
behind the action and
C. Create an infographics to reaction forces.
value situations of safety
precautions of driving. C. Cite real life situations in
which the 3rd law of motion
can be depicted.
Newton’s Second Law of
Newton’s Third Law of
Motion: Law of
Motion: Law of Interaction
Acceleration
Science 8 Module 2, Science 8 Module 2,
Lesson 2 Lesson 3
A. Drop a rock or marble STORY TELLING:
and a wadded-up piece of One morning, a trainer and
paper at the same time. his horse were having an
They fall at the same rate argument. The horse that

Lesson, Motivation) ● Push your ball pen
across your
desk/table.
● Drop an object
onto the floor next
to your desk/table.
● Take a sheet of
paper, roll it up,
and toss it toward
the trash can.
Ask the students what they
observed about the objects.
Discuss how they moved,
noting similarities and
differences.
B. Presentation Demonstrate, or show a
-Activity video, of a tablecloth being
pulled off a table without
disturbing the place
settings. Explain to students
that through this lesson
they will be exploring how
pushes and pulls—forces—
on objects cause them to
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE
“pull”? Be sure to practice this
What will you apply if you demonstration first before
want to lift a heavy box? performing it in class.
What is a force? Put your hand, palm side
How many types of forces up, next to your ear. Put a
are there? Name them. coin on your elbow. In one
swift motion, bring your
hand straight forward and
try to catch the coin before force applied to it so it the net forces will be zero
it drops. If you’re fast (and moves faster.
lucky) enough, you will
catch the coin before
gravity has a chance to
bring it down.
Let the students give their
possible explanation about
their observations.
Investigating Forces: Penny on a Card HOT WHEELS EXPERIMENT: Balloon Rocket:
1. What happens when you Experiment
let go of a pencil?
Procedure:
2. What force causes this to
1.Put a playing card on top
happen?
of the plastic cup
3. Bring a steel paperclip
2. Put a coin on top of the
near a magnet, what
card
happens?
3. With a sharp flick, hit the
4. What force causes this to
card out from under the
happen?
of speed, but the rock's happens to know a little
mass is greater so it hits physics told his trainer that
with greater force. it is useless for the former
B. Push the roller skates orto pull the cart. The harder
toy cars at the same time. the horse pulls on the cart,
the harder the cart pulls
Push one harder than the back on him. These forces
other. One had greater will cancel each other and
in as much as action and
reaction forces are
supposed to be equal but
opposite directed. The
horse further said that
since there is no net force,
then the cart will remain at
rest in accordance with
Newton’s first law. If you
are the trainer, will you
agree with the horse?
Why?
Construct a simple ramp 18 Here, we're going to be
inches high and about 24 building model rockets
inches long using a piece of using balloons and looking
thin plywood and bricks. at the relationship between
Place a toy car at the top of action and reaction forces.
the ramp. Release it and
measure how far it rolls. Start by cutting two 2m
Tape two metal washers to pieces of string. Secure one
the car, release it from the end of the string to the wall
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

move or not move. 5. Push a toy car across a coin! Or pull it really quickly ramp and measure how far or a desk with masking
table. What happens toward you. it rolls. Repeat the tape.
eventually? 4. The coin will drop into experiment with five Next, blow up two balloons,
6. What force causes this to the cup. washers taped to the top of one smaller than the other,
happen? the car. but don't tie them off. Tape
one straw to the top of
each balloon and hold them
so they don't let out the air.
Thread one string through
one straw and the other
through the other straw.
Then carefully, without
letting the balloons go,
secure the other side of the
string to a wall, desk or
chair on the other side of
the room with masking
take.
Drag the balloons to one
side and carefully let them
fly. Observe which balloon
went farther.
Questions
1. What made the balloons
fly forward?
2. Why did one balloon
travel farther than the
other?
3. Our balloon is a model of
a rocket. How it compares
to how a real rocket ship

-Analysis Explain to students that to
understand what is
happening in the tablecloth
phenomena, they must first
understand how forces
work together. To do this
they will use a game called
“tug of war.” Pair off
students and assign them
partner A or B. Give them a
~2 foot piece of string or
rope. Explain that they will
each pull on the string and
adjust the forces
(independent variable) to
test out what happens to
the motion of their
partner’s hand (dependent
variable) through the
following scenarios.
Emphasize safety and do
this outside or in the gym.
In their science notebooks
they should make a
prediction about which
way, if any, each partner’s
hand will move during each
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE
Some forces do not require
contact with an object to
affect the object. These
forces are called NON-
CONTACT FORCES.
Examples of this type of
force are MAGNETISM and
GRAVITY.
Some forces have to be in
contact with an object to
affect it. These forces are
called CONTACT FORCES.
Examples of this type of
force are FRICTION and AIR
RESISTANCE.
works? What are the action
and reaction forces for a
real rocket?
Explanation: The experiment shows that For every action force,
as mass increases with there is an equal and
The coin has inertia,
gravity's constant opposite force.
meaning it really wants to
acceleration, the force • Forces occur in pairs
stay in one place. If you
pushing the car along the • The action and reaction
move the card slowly, it
floor increases, making forces occur at exactly the
isn’t fast enough to
heavier cars travel farther. same time.
overcome that force. If you
• The action and reaction
flick it quickly, the coin What are the two factors
forces have exactly the
stays in one place and then that affect Newton’s
same magnitude.
drops into the cup. An second law?
• Action-reaction forces do
object at rest will remain at
not cancel out because
rest. If you are brave, put
they are acting on two
the card on your finger and
different objects.
the coin on top… try to flick
the card out until the coin
stays on your finger. It can
be done!
Now we know what the
definition of inertia is.
Which has more inertia:
A. A paper airplane or
a real airliner?
B. An adult or a baby?
C. A box filled with
cotton balls or the
same-sized box
filled with golf
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

scenario. balls?

What do the objects with

• Partner A pulls with more inertia have in
the same amount of common with each other?
force as Partner B
(neither partner will Discuss the tendency to
move) relate size with mass and
• Partner A pulls with reiterate that the larger
more force than Partner the mass of an object, the
B (Partner B will move greater the inertia.
in the direction of
Partner A)
• Partner B pulls with
more force than Partner
A (Partner A will move
in the direction of
Partner B)
• While both partners
are pulling, the rope is
cut (they will both
move)
Organize the students into
pairs and run through the
scenarios. After each
scenario, they should
record their actual
observations of what
happened next to their
prediction for that scenario.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

Were their predictions

correct? Why or why not?

-Abstraction (Gravity is pulling the table
(Discussion) settings down, while the
table cloth and table
underneath are pushing
them up. Forces are
balanced. When the
tablecloth is pulled out with
enough force, the forces on
the place settings are no
longer balanced and they
fall to the table. There are
no forces pulling the place
settings to the side so they
remain where they were
sitting.)* (Cause and Effect:
Motion of an object is
caused by unbalanced
forces acting upon it. If an
object is not moving, it is
because the forces on it are
balanced. When the forces
become unbalanced, the
effect is the object moves
in the direction of the
larger force.)
Newton's law of inertia is
that an object at rest, or an
object in motion, will stay
at rest or in motion unless
acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
The following are the three
types of inertia:
A. Inertia of Rest. Example:
Sudden start of lift.
B. Inertia of Direction.
Example: One's body
movement to the side
when a car makes a sharp
turn.
C. Inertia of Motion.
Example: The tendency of
moving forward when a
moving bus/car hits brake
or comes to stop.
Newton's second law of Identify the action and
motion pertains to the reaction forces of the
behavior of objects for examples given below.
which all existing forces are 1. Hitting a baseball
not balanced. The second 2. Swimming
law states that the 3. Rocket taking off
acceleration of an object is 4. Rabbit hopping
dependent upon two 5. Cutting with
variables - the net force scissors
acting upon the object and
the mass of the object. The
acceleration of an object
depends directly upon the
net force acting upon the
object, and inversely upon
the mass of the object. As
the force acting upon an
object is increased, the
acceleration of the object is
increased. As the mass of
an object is increased, the
acceleration of the object is
decreased.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

Calculate the net force Write C if the situation Several applications of How do things move and Design an Air-powered
-Application when each set of forces below refers to contact Newton’s first law of how do they stay constant? Vehicle (20 minutes)
acts on a single object. force and NC if it is Non- motion are listed below. Students in groups will
contact force. Provide explanations for design a cost-effective
1. 56N up, 35N down 1. A ball that is each application. vehicle powered by air
2. 12.3N right, 14.4N thrown up falls using a balloon and various
● Blood rushes from your
right, 32.7N left back towards the other materials. The vehicle
head to your feet while
3. 45N up, 45N down ground. should be able to sustain 20
quickly stopping when
4. 21N west, 21N east 2. A girl opens the inches of travel. Students
riding on a descending
5. 10N south, 12N window. should note their design,
elevator.
north 3. You press the method of accelerating
● To dislodge ketchup
doorbell of your their vehicle, problems that
from the bottom of a
neighbor. they encounter. Also they
ketchup bottle, it is
4. When a bird step should identify how the
often turned upside
down to the tree. balloon will accelerate the
down and thrusted
5. A boy riding a vehicle and in what
downward at high
bicycle. direction.
speeds and then
6. A teacher pressing
abruptly halted.
keys on a computer
● Headrests are placed in
keyboard.
cars to prevent
7. A roller coaster
whiplash injuries during
thrill rides that rely
rear-end collisions.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

on gravitational ● While riding a

force for downward
motion.
8. An apple falling
down from a tree.
9. Mother twisting
the lid on a jar to
open.
10. Falling of raindrops
on earth.
C. Generalization/ How can forces be used to Create a schematic diagram
Conceptualization make objects move, change showing the types of
direction, or stop? contact and non-contact
forces.
What is the effect of a
balanced and an
unbalanced force on an
object?
skateboard (or wagon
or bicycle), you fly
forward off the board
when hitting a curb or
rock or other object
that abruptly halts the
motion of the
skateboard.
On which factor does the
inertia of a body depend?
In what instance does
inertia play a significant
role in our daily lives?
Supposing you were in
space in a weightless
environment, would it
require a force to set an
object in motion?
Motivational takeaway:
 If you want to change the
way things are, you need to
apply force (effort) to the
situation to change
it. Otherwise, things will
never change.
Newton's second law of Do action and reaction
motion can be formally forces cancel each other?
stated as follows: No, action and reaction
forces are acting on
The acceleration of an different bodies therefore,
object as produced by a net they will never cancel out
force is directly each other.
proportional to the What does the third law
magnitude of the net force, say?
in the same direction as the In every action, there is an
net force, and inversely equal but opposite reaction
proportional to the mass of force. Action and reaction
the object. Forces are equal in
This verbal statement can magnitude but oppositely
be expressed in equation directed. Action and reactio
form as follows: n forces are acting on
different bodies will never
a = Fnet / m cancel out. Forces always
come in pairs.
The above equation is often Motivational
rearranged to a more takeaway: Opposition
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

familiar form as shown shouldn't be viewed as a

below. The net force is
equated to the product of
the mass times the
acceleration.
Fnet = m • a
deterrent. In fact, the more
resistance we face, the
more confident we can be
that we are changing the
world.

Motivational takeaway:
Focus is everything. If you
work on two things, it will
take twice as long to
succeed as if you work on
one thing. If you work twice
as hard on something,
you’ll get to where you
want to go twice as fast.

IV-Evaluation Identify each situation Which force keeps the 1. Why is inertia important Use Newton’s Second Law While driving down the
(Assessment) below whether it planets in orbit around the in sports? equations to solve for road, a firefly strikes the
demonstrates balanced Sun? Gravity 2. What are the main types force, mass, and windshield of a bus and
forces or unbalanced 2. Which force causes of inertia? acceleration. makes a quite obvious mess
forces. compass needles to point 1. A ball with a mass of 0.5 in front of the face of the
3) What is meant by the
1. A car in a parking lot north? Magnetism kg is hit with a force of driver. This is a clear case of
inertia of rest? Inertia of
2. Two martial artists 3. Which force keeps 2.5N. What is its Newton's third law of
motion? And inertia of
pushing each other electrons in orbit around acceleration? motion. The firefly hit the
direction?
with same amount of atoms? Electrostatic 2. An object with a mass of bus and the bus hits the
force 4. Which force is caused by 4. Identify the type of 3.0 kg accelerates 2.5 m/s firefly. Which of the two
3. A boy pushing the wall materials rubbing Inertia demonstrated in when an unknown force is forces is greater: the force
4. Two friends are both together? each situation below. applied to it. What is the on the firefly or the force
pushing the door in Friction amount of force? on the bus?
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

opposite side exerting 5. Which force is the � An athlete runs some 3. An object accelerates Answer:
same force upwards push of water on a distance before jumping. 12.0 m/s when a force of Each force is the same size.
5. A car running downhill floating object? Up thrust Because, this will help him 6.0 N is applied to it. What The fact that the firefly
6. A pen on top of an arm 6. Which force is the jump longer and higher. is the mass of the object? splatters only means that
chair opposite of compression? (Inertia of motion) with its smaller mass, it is
7. A man pushing a rock Tension less able to withstand the
which is unmoved � When you make a sharp larger acceleration resulting
8. A person exerted 100N turn while driving a car, you from the interaction.
pushing the box and tend to lean sideways,
another person in (Inertia of direction)
opposite direction � When you vigorously
exerted 150N shake the branches of a
9. Two girls pulling the tree, some of the leaves
blanket with same and fruits are detached and
force they fall down.(Inertia of
10. A mobile phone placed rest)
on top of the table.

V-Assignment/ Write a brief biography of
Homework Isaac Newton. Include
dates of his important
discoveries and events in
his life that may have
influenced his thinking on
force and motion.
Modified True or False:
Read the statements given
below. If the statement is
true, write “T”. If it is false,
write “F” and rewrite the
statement to make it true.
1. A force can make a
moving object change
direction.
2. A force can change the
shape of an object.
3. Elastic force pulls
objects toward each
Journal (if the students Create an infographics to On a clean sheet of paper,
have a journal): Teachers value situations of safety write as many situations
write the following precautions of driving. that you observe around
questions on the board and which demonstrate each of
ask students to copy and Newton’s three laws of
answer the questions in motion.
their journals: What puts
objects into motion? How
do they stop? What if there
was never a force that
stopped the object from
moving?
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII-Central Visayas
DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE

other.
4. An example of
magnetic force is
lightning.
5. Tension force slows
down or stops motion
due to surfaces rubbing
against each other.
Reflection/s:
(Ex. 24 out of 60 got _______ of ______75%PL _______ of ______75%PL _______ of ______75%PL
_______ of ______75%PL _______ of ______75%PL
75% performance
level)

Prepared by: Inspected by:

KRIS JOY S. GOMEZ KATHLEEN MARIE P. GENCONO

Subject Teacher Head Teacher – III