DOUBLY REINFORCED T BEAM

𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑉𝐸 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 (𝐴′ 𝑠) 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠

𝟑𝒅 ′
600
𝒄𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝑓𝑠= (𝑐 − 𝑑 ′ )
𝟕 𝑐
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝒇𝒔 = (𝒅 − 𝒄𝒎𝒂𝒙)
𝒄𝒎𝒂𝒙
𝒇𝒔 < 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 = 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 > 𝑓𝑦
𝒇𝒔 > 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 = 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒅
𝒂𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝐴′ 𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠2
𝑴𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓𝒇′ 𝒄 𝒂𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝒃𝒇 𝒅 −
𝟐 𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠1 + 𝐴𝑠2
𝑀𝑢 > 𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑇 − 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑠1 𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝐴𝑠2
𝐶=𝑇
𝐴𝑠1𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑏 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 < 𝑓𝑦

𝑀𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦
𝐴′ 𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠2 ′
𝑀𝑛1 = 𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑠
𝑀𝑢 𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠1 + 𝐴𝑠2
𝑀𝑛2 = − 𝑀𝑛1
𝜙
𝑀𝑛2 = As2fy(d − d′ )
 𝑴𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒙
𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓
= 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓(𝟐𝟖) 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 (𝟑𝟐𝟓) 𝟒𝟓𝟎 −
𝟐
𝑴𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟒KN. m
𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.8145 𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟒 = 380.097KN. m
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2 210 + 1.6 190 = 556𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝑠2 𝑀𝑢 > 𝜙𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑇 − 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑏 = 325𝑚𝑚
𝑑 = 450𝑚𝑚 𝐶=𝑇
𝐴𝑠1(415) = 0.85(28) 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝟑𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟏𝟓. 𝟗𝟔𝟕𝑥106 = As2(415)(450 − 75)
𝐷𝐿 = 210𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝐿𝐿 = 190𝐾𝑁. 𝑚 𝐴𝑠1 = 3055𝑚𝑚2 As2 = 1388mm2
𝑑 ′ = 75𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑛1 = 𝑀𝑛𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 28𝑀𝑝𝑎 556 600
𝑀𝑛2 = − 𝟒𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔 = 𝟐𝟏𝟓. 𝟗𝟔𝟕𝑲𝑵. 𝒎 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 = 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 − 75 = 366.666𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑦 = 415𝑀𝑃𝑎 0.8145 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕
𝟑(𝟒𝟓𝟎)
𝒄𝒎𝒂𝒙 = = 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕𝒎𝒎 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 < 𝑓𝑦
𝟕
𝟔𝟎𝟎 415
𝒇𝒔 = 𝟒𝟓𝟎 − 𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 = 𝟖𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 𝐴′ 𝑠 = 1388 = 1571mm2
𝟏𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟓𝟕 366.666
𝒇𝒔 < 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂 = 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝐴𝑠 = 3055 + 1388 = 4443mm2
800 − 415
𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 = 0.8145
1000 − 415
 𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑉𝐸 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑁𝑂𝑀𝐼𝑁𝐴𝐿 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇

𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦
if fs < fy, tension steel not yield
𝐴𝑠2 = 𝐴′ 𝑠
𝑇 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
𝐴𝑠1 = 𝐴𝑠 − 𝐴𝑠2 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑠 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠𝑓𝑦, 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝐶1 = 𝑇1 𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐴𝑠 (𝒅 − 𝒄) = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐(𝑐𝛽)𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠𝑓𝑦, 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝐴𝑠1𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏, 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎 𝒄
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑛1 + 𝑀𝑛2
𝒇𝒔 = (𝒅 − 𝒄)
𝒄 a
𝑴𝒏 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 d − + A′ sf ′ s(d − d′ )
if fs > fy, tension steel yield 2
if f ′ s < fy, compression not steel yield
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝑇 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
𝒇′𝒔 = (𝒄 − 𝒅′)
𝒄 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠𝑓 ′ 𝑠, 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝟔𝟎𝟎
if f′s > fy, compression steel yield ′
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 𝑐(𝑐𝛽)𝑏 + 𝐴 𝑠 ′
(𝒄 − 𝒅′) , 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝒄
𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑛1 + 𝑀𝑛2 𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑛1 + 𝑀𝑛2
a a
𝑴𝒏 = 𝐴𝑠1𝑓𝑦(d − ) + As2fy(d − d′ ) ′
𝑴𝒏 = 0.85𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑏 d − + A′ sf ′ s(d − d′ )
2 2
 10𝜋
𝐴𝑠 = 28 2 = 6158𝑚𝑚2 f′s > fy, compression steel yield
4
3𝜋 a
𝐴′ 𝑠 = 25 2 = 1473𝑚𝑚2 = As2 𝑴𝒏 = 𝐴𝑠1𝑓𝑦(d − ) + As2fy(d − d′ )
4 2
259.929
𝐴𝑠1 = 6158 − 1473 = 4685𝑚𝑚2 𝑴𝒏 = 4685(415)(620 − ) + 1473(415)(620 − 70)
2
𝐴𝑠1𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏, 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎 𝑴𝒏 =1288.976KN.m
4685 415 = 0.85 22 𝑎 400 , 𝑎 = 259.929𝑚𝑚
𝒇𝒔 < 1000MPa, transition
𝑐 = 305.798𝑚𝑚
𝟔𝟏𝟔. 𝟒𝟗𝟓 − 415
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 = 0.7361
𝒇𝒔 = 𝟔𝟐𝟎 − 305.798 = 𝟔𝟏𝟔. 𝟒𝟗𝟓𝑴𝑷𝒂 1000 − 415
305.798
𝑀𝑢 = 0.7361(1288.9)=948.759 ≈ 948.76𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
fs > fy, tension steel yield
𝟔𝟎𝟎 948.76 = 1.2 320 + 1.6𝐿𝐿
𝒇′ 𝒔 = 305.798 − 70 = 𝟒𝟔𝟐. 𝟔𝟓𝟖𝑴𝑷𝒂
305.798 𝐿𝐿 = 352.98𝐾𝑁. 𝑚 ≈ 353𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
 𝑇 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠 (𝒄 − 𝒅′) , 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝒄

𝟔𝟎𝟎
(5989)(415) = 0.85(28)(0.85)(𝑐)(300) + 2036 (𝒄 − 𝟕𝟓)
𝒄
5𝜋 𝑐 = 265.174𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 = 36 2 = 5989𝑚𝑚2
4 a
2𝜋 𝑴𝒏 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 d − + A′ sf ′ s(d − d′ )
𝐴′ 𝑠 = 36 2 = 2036𝑚𝑚2 = 𝐴𝑠2 2
4
𝐴𝑠1 = 5989 − 2036 = 3953𝑚𝑚2
3953 415 = 0.85 28 𝑎 300 , 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = 229.761mm
𝑐 = 270.307𝑚𝑚 𝑴𝒏
265.174 0.85
𝟔𝟎𝟎 = 0.85(28)(0.85)(265.174)(300) 600 −
𝒇𝒔 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎 − 270.307 = 𝟖𝟕𝟏. 𝟔𝟔𝑴𝑷𝒂 2
270.307
+ 2036(415)(600 − 75)
fs > fy, tension steel yield 𝑀𝑢 = 1037.44𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 = 1227.609𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝒇𝒔 < 1000MPa, transition
𝒇′ 𝒔 = 270.307 − 7𝟓 = 𝟐𝟗𝟑. 𝟔𝟖𝟏𝑴𝑷𝒂
270.30𝟕
871.66 − 415
𝒇′ 𝒔 < fy, compression steel not yield 𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 = 0.8451
1000 − 415
 𝑇 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠 (𝒄 − 𝒅′) , 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐
𝒄

𝟔𝟎𝟎
(5989)(415) = 0.85(28)(0.85)(𝑐)(300) + 2036 (𝒄 − 𝟕𝟓)
𝒄
5.628𝐾𝑁 𝑐 = 265.174𝑚𝑚
𝑊𝑏 = 23.45 0.8 0.3 =
𝑚 a
𝑴𝒏 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 d − + A′ sf ′ s(d − d′ )
W𝑢 = 1.4 5.628 + 𝐷𝐿 + 1.7(100) 2
𝑀𝑢(8)
= 1.4 5.628 + 𝐷𝐿 + 1.7(100)
6 2

1037.44(8) 𝑴𝒏
= 1.4 5.628 + 𝐷𝐿 + 1.7(100) 265.174 0.85
6 2 = 0.85(28)(0.85)(265.174)(300) 600 −
2
44.823𝐾𝑁 + 2036(415)(600 − 75)
𝐷𝐿 = 𝑀𝑢 = 1037.44𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝑚
𝑀𝑛 = 1227.609𝐾𝑁. 𝑚
𝑃𝑢𝐿 𝒇𝒔 < 1000MPa, transition
𝑃𝑢(6)
𝑀𝑢 = 1037.44 =
4 4 871.66 − 415
𝑃𝑢 = 691.626𝐾𝑁 𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 = 0.8451
1000 − 415