FORCE

SI unit : Newton (N) FORCE

• DEFINITION :
A push or pull actions which will change state of
rest, or uniform motion of an object .

• FORMULA :
F = ma

• TYPE OF QUANTITY :
Vector Quantity

• EFFECT OF FORCE :
Change size of an object.
Change shape of an object.
Can move a stationary object.
Stop a moving object.
Can accelerate a moving object.

• EXAMPLE :
Kicking a ball

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW
• Objects at rest remain at rest
and, objects in motion
remain in motion with the
same velocity . UNLESS
ACTED UPON BY AN
UNBALANCED FORCE .
EXAMPLE :
• kicking a ball
• Push a big rock
NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW NEWTON’S THIRD LAW
• The acceleration of an object is • For every action, there is an
directly proportional to the net equal and opposite re –
force and inversely proportional to action .
its mass.
• If an object has MORE mass, it EXAPMLE :
accelerates at lower rate because it • Rocket engine thrust
has more inertia.
EXAMPLE :
• Trolley with more mass required
more force to accelerate.
 MASS WEIGHT

• DEFINITION : Quantity of matter in a body • DEFINITION : Force with which a body is

attracted towards Earth by the gravity
• QUANTITY : Base , scalar
• QUANTITY : Derived , Vector
• EFFECT OF GRAVITY : Constant at any place
and any time. • EFFECT OF GRAVITY : Change according to
the gravitational field
𝐹
• FORMULA : m =
𝑎
• FORMULA : W = mg
• SI UNIT : Kilogram, kg
• SI UNIT : Newton , N

MASS & WEIGHT

 RESOLUTION OF FORCE RESULTANT OF FORCE
Fy
FR FR

Fy
θ θ
Fx
Fx

Fx = F cos θ
σ 𝐹𝑥 + σ 𝐹𝑦
2 2
FR =
Fy = F sin θ
σ 𝐹𝑦
Fy = tan−1 σ 𝐹𝑥

RESOLUTION & RESULTANT

OF FORCE
 Object is AT REST Object is MOVING with The RESULTANT of all
a CONSTANT VELOCITY the FORCES acting on it ,
in a STRAIGHT LINE . is ZERO .
EXAMPLE :
EXAMPLE : σ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
A bottle is at rest on a
table An object moving at a σ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
constant velocity along
the top of a table .

SYSTEM IN EQUILIBRIUM
 CENTER OF GRAVITY −𝑥
MOMENT OF FORCE SI unit : meter (m)
SI unit : Nm

DEFINITION :

The TURNING EFFECT of a FORCE when

applied to a ROTATIONAL SYSTEM at a
distance from the axis of rotation .
MOMENT–FORCE METHOD (MFM)
FORMULA :
෍ 𝐹. 𝑑 = ෍ 𝐹. 𝑑
M = Fd

PRINCIPLE OF MOMENT OF FORCE :

MOMENT– RESULTANT METHOD (MRM)
When in equilibrium, the total sum of THE
ANTI - CLOCKWISE MOMENT is EQUAL to σ 𝐹 .𝑑
X= σ𝐹
total sum of the CLOCKWISE MOMENT .

෍𝑀 = ෍𝑀