DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (Manufacturing)

DJF41032 Manufacturing Workshop Practice 3
LAB REPORT NO:

Title : 3D PRINTING

Workshop Date :

Report Submission Date :

Prepared for : SIR AZAM BIN DAUD

Student ID. No. Name Class

24DTP20F1026 AHMAD FAIQ IFWAT BIN AZMAM DTP5B

24DTP20F1024 SHAHLI RUZAIN BIN SAIPUL BAHRI DTP5B
24DTP20F1030 MUHAMMAD ZULFAIZ BIN ZAMRI DTP5B

Marks:

Criteria Marks Scores

Format 5
Objectives & Equipment 5
Theory 10
Procedure 15
Result 20
Discussion 25
Conclusion 15
References 5
Total 100
TITLE: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

1.0 LESSON LEARNING OUTCOME

At the end of this lab student should be able to:

1. Create a 3D object using 3D CAD software such as Inventor.

2. Follow standard operating procedure for additive manufacturing
3. Perform an additive manufacturing process
4. Accomplish a prototype of a design using rapid prototype machine
5. Follow all safety procedure in a lab

2.0 EQUIPMENT

• 3D jet printer
• Scraper
• Materials required of the 3D printer
• Cutter

3.0 INTRODUCTION/THEORY

Rapid prototyping (RP) is most common name given to a host of related technologies
thatare used to fabricate physical objects directly from Computer Aided Design (CAD)
data sources. These methods are unique in that they add and bond materials in layers to
form objects.Besides that, RP systems reduce the construction of complex objects to a
manageable, straightforward and relatively fast process. Rapid Prototyping (P)
techniques can also be used to make tooling (referred to as rapid tooling) and even
production-quality parts (rapid manufacturing). For small production runs and
complicated objects, RP is often the best manufacturing process available. Rapid
prototyping is the speedy creation of a full-scale model. The word prototype comes from
the Latin words proto (original) and typus (model). It is a group of techniques used to
quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part using three-dimensional computer aided
design (CAD) data. Some techniques are writen below:

1. 3D printing (3DP)
2. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
3. Stereolithography process (SLA)
4. Selective laser sintering (SLS)
5. Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM)
 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional
solid objects from adigital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using
additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down
successive layers of material until the abject is created.Each of these layers can be
scan as a thinly sliced horizontal cross - section of the eventual object.3D printing
is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing which is cutting cut / hollowing out a
piece of metal or plastic with for instance a milling machine. 3D printing enables to
produce complex (functional) shapes using less material than traditional
manufacturing method.
4.0 PROCEDURE

NO DIAGRAM PROCEDURE
Performed a
3D Drawing
using a CAD
software
1
such as
Autocad,
Inventor, or
Solidwork.

Clicked on
file and
2 Exported a
file to CAD
Format.

Changed the
type of file
to STL
3 format
.Saved STL
file format
on desktop.
 Search a 3D
Printing
Software
4 (UPStudio)
. Opened the
application
software.

Clicked on
5 UP to create
a 3D project.

Clicked on +
6 Icon to add
a 3D model
 File saved
on desktop
7 earlier were
clicked for
this project.

The position
of a 3D
8
Model and
place a
project has
been edited

Clicked on
Print Setting
9
to setting a
quality for
3D Printed
model.
 Clicked on
preview to
see how 3D
model will
be printed.
10 Then, click
on print
when
satisfied
with a
preview.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Name of product: Cable holder

5.0 RESULT
 6 5 4 3 2 1

4,00

D D

00
R3 ,

70,00
C TOP VIEW C
(1:1) ISO VIEW
(1:1)
R5

47,00
,0
0

2,00
13,00
20,00

B B
51,50

20,00

00
R 3,
10,00

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

(1:1) (1:1)

Date Date
A Designed by Checked by Approved by
A
FAIQ IFWAT(F1026) SIR AZAM 3/12/2022

CABLE HOLDER
POLITEKNIK BANTING SELANGOR Edition Sheet
ISOMETRIC VIEW 1/1
6 5 4 3 2 1
6.0 DISCUSSION

1. What is the purposed of 3D printing?

3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects

from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In
an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the
object is created. 3D printing are allow to print more complex design that quickly to be
produce rather than traditional

2. What is the main disadvantages of 3D printing?

Energy consumption - A standard 3D printer consumes 50 watts of power an hour. That

much power means a hefty power bill. A 3D printer will use 100 times as much energy as
traditional manufacturing. 3D printers are better for running small batches as they do not take
as long to make.

High Price - A high-quality industrial-grade printer can cost you hundreds and thousands of
dollars. And that is just the initial cost! Materials will be very costly as well as your energy
bill. Many businesses can’t afford to use this valuable tool even though they benefit from it.

Materials - There are only a limited number of materials that can be used for 3D printers.
Many of them are still in development. The primary material used with 3D printers is plastic.
Plastic may not be the best material to use for your product, depending on what you are
creating. Plastic varies in quality and strength, but it is easy to use.

Harmful emission - When used in homes and offices or other enclosed spaces, there is a
chance of people breathing in toxic, carcinogenic materials. These harmful emissions also
reduce the air quality in the room.

3. What is the consideration in choosing additive manufacturing?

As a company considers additive manufacturing to produce an entire product or a

component of a product, it will certainly consider the manufacturing considerations such as
cost, functionality, and material specifications.

4. What is the difficulties during printing product?

• 3D Printing is not standardized.

Apart from the top-notch machines that at times cost millions of dollars to acquire, 3D
printers tend to produce items whose quality is inferior to those that have been produced
using traditional manufacturing methods. The leading reason behind this inferiority is the
lack of global standards. Simply put, many end-users and manufacturers experience
difficulties. Especially when it comes to stating whether the products or goods that have been
produced using 3D printing will be of consistent reliability, strength, and quality.
 • Additive manufacturing has an impact on the environment.

Another issue pertaining to the use of plastic has to do with energy consumption. The
researchers established that 3D printers generally consume up to 100 times more energy
compared to injection molding when making a similar item.

• The equipment and production costs are high.

Cost of purchasing the equipment was a major concern for professionals who rely on 3D
technology. While using plastic to print is inexpensive and easy for most, acquiring metal
printers that big organizations use can easily set the company back by tens of thousands of
dollars.

5. What is the improvement to product in order to produce high quality product?

Test the Temperatures - The temperature of the nozzle, if there are more than one directly
affects the appearance of the final print. If the nozzle is too hot, it could leave strings of
filament between separate parts. When printing tall pieces, high temperatures or inadequate
cooling can melt the earlier layers, resulting in malformation.

Upgrade the Build Surface - A key part of a printer that affects the materials that can print
with and the surface of a printed objects is the build plate. Different build plates yield
different textures on the bottom of the print. Bed materials like glass, PEI, or Kapton tape
leave a smooth surface, while glue-on polycarbonate sheets or painter’s tape leave a matte
finish.

Treat Filament with Care - Many filaments are hygroscopic, meaning they love water,
absorbing it from the surrounding air. Exposed filament, especially ABS, nylon, and flexible
materials, drink moisture in, resulting in problems.

Add Supports - FDM 3D printers work by pushing out melted filament that bonds to the
layer below it. When there’s no layer below for it to bond with, it is essentially asking a
printer to print in mid-air. If a bridge is too long or the angle of an overhang is too high, there
will be sagging, or even complete failure of the print.

Adjust Speed & Movement - The speed and movement of the printhead have a clear impact
on print quality. For example, after getting the first layer to stick, it might see a line where the
nozzle drags across the surface or perimeter of the print. This could be caused by a lack of
filament retraction.
7.0 CONCLUSION

As a conclusion the additive manufacturing workshop 3D printing help us to

gain more knowledge about 3D printing which we never been explore at the
school nor at our house. 3D Printing is an expanding technology which may
soon start an industry in which everyone has the possibility of being a
manufacturer. 3D Printing has a lot of possible benefits to society, although the
products created must be regulated.This help us to know one of the latest
technology that develops biggest impact in manufacturing & robotics industry.
From this workshop we have achieve the Course Learning outcome by learn
how to programming and create a product using software & 3D machine.

8.0 REFERENCES

I. Marolia, B. (n.d.). 3d printing. https://www.slideshare.net/maroliabhumika/3d-

printing-59271575

II. Attention Required! | Cloudflare. (n.d.). https://all3dp.com/2/3d-print-quality-12-tips-

on-how-to-improve-it/

III. Al-Mukhtar, S. (2020, January 8). Challenges of 3D Printing in Manufacturing.

Technobyte. https://technobyte.org/3d-printing-challenges-manufacturing/

IV. Sumner, D. (n.d.). Additive Manufacturing: Considerations and Risk. EisnerAmper.

https://www.eisneramper.com/additive-manufacturing-catalyst-0420/

V. McCollum, W. (2022, September 22). Biggest Disadvantages of 3D Printing to

Consider. For 3D Print. https://43dprint.org/disadvantages-of-3d-printing/

VI. 3DPrinting.com. (2022, May 31). What is 3D printing? How does a 3D printer work?

Learn 3D printing. 3D Printing. https://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/