Styrofoam is a brand name for the material polystyrene (PS).

It is created by injecting the plastic

polymer with a gas-such as clorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Chlorofluorocarbon, CFC  molecules are
made up of chlorine, fluorine and carbon atoms and are extremely stable. However, chlorine is
able to destroy so much of the ozone, O3 because it acts as a catalyst. Chlorine initiates the
breakdown of ozone and combines with a freed oxygen to create oxygen molecules. After each
reaction, chlorine begins the destructive cycle again with another ozone molecule. One chlorine
atom can thereby destroy thousands of ozone molecules. Ozone molecules are being broken
down are unable to absorb any ultraviolet light so we experience more intense UV radiation at
the earths surface. 

Styrofoam adalah nama jenama untuk bahan polistirena (PS). Ia dicipta dengan menyuntik
polimer plastik dengan gas-seperti klorofluorokarbon (CFC). Klorofluorokarbon, molekul CFC
terdiri daripada klorin, fluorin dan karbon atom dan amat stabil. Walaubagaimanapun, klorin
mampu untuk memusnahkan banyak ozon,O3 kerana ia bertindak sebagai pemangkin. Klorin
memulakan penguraian ozon dan bergabung dengan oksigen yang dibebaskan untuk
menghasilakn molekul oksigen. Selepas setiap tindak balas, klorin memulakan kitaran
merosakkan lagi molekul ozon yang lain. Satu atom klorin boleh memusnahkan beribu-ribu
molekul ozon. Molekul ozon yang telah diurai tidak dapat menyerap cahaya ultraungu dan kita
akan mengalami radiasi UV yang lebih kuat di permukaan bumi .

(a) (i) State the type of bonding in chlorofluorocarbon, CFC.

Nyatakan jenis ikatan dalam kloroflorokarbon, CFC.
________________________________________________________________________
[1 marks]
[1 markah]

(ii) Explain your answer in (a)(i).

Terangkan jawapan anda di (a)(i).
_________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(b) Write a chemical equation to show the chemical reaction between the substance in CFC
and ozone.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi menunjukkan tindakbalas kimia antara bahan di dalam
CFC dan ozon.
_________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c) In your opinion, do you think we should continuously use CFC in our daily life? Explain your
answer.
Pada pendapat anda , adakah anda fikir kita perlu terus menggunakan CFC dalam kehidupan
seharian? Terangkan jawapan anda .
____________________________________________________________________________
 ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(d) Suggest another way to replace the usage of polystyrene as packaging food.
Cadangkan satu cara untuk menggantikan penggunaan polistirena sebagai pembungkus
makanan.
____________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

Question Answer Mark

(a) (i) [Able to state the type of bonding in CFC correctly]

Answer:
Covalent bond 1
(ii) [Able to explain the answer in (a)(i0 correctly]

Answer:
The bond is formed between non metal atoms. 1
the atoms share electron to form bonds. 1
(b) [Able to write a chemical equation to show the chemical reaction between
the substance in CFC and ozone correctly]

Answer:
Cl+O3 →ClO+O2
1. Correct chemical formula of reactants 1
2. Correct chemical formula of products 1
(c) [Able to write an opinion regarding the usage of CFC in our daily life and able
to give an explanation]

Answer:
- No 1
- CFC destroy the ozone layer. 1
- Can cause skin cancer. 1
(d) [Able to suggest another way to replace the usage of polystyrene as packaging
food]

[Any suitable answer]

Sample answer:
Bring reusable food container to package food. 1