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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
MANAGEMENT STUDIES(POLYTECHNIC)

MICRO PROJECT
Academic year: 2021-2022

TITLE OF PROJECT
OVERVIEW OF BUILDING COMPONENTS

Program: CE Program code: CE3I

Course: BCO Course code: 22304

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Akash Ashok Chourasia

Roll No. _14_ of 3rd Semester of Diploma in CIVIL.

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

STUDIES(POLYTECHNIC)of Institute, DRIEMS POLYTECHNIC (Code:1748)
has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject–Building
construction for the academic year 2021 - 2022 as prescribed in the
curriculum.

Place: Enrollment No: 2017480031

Date://Exam. Seat No: 140733

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

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Group Details:
SR.NO NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS ROLL. ENROLLMENT NO PG.NO
NO

1. RAHEEL HUSSAIN 01 2017480018

2. VISHAL CHOUDHARI 02 2017480019

3. RISHAB JHA 06 2017480023

4. AKASH CHOURASIA 14 2017480031

NAME OF GUIDE :-
PROF . MANISHA LIPANKAR
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INDEX
SR.NO CONTENT PG.NO

1. CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING 5 TO 9

2, BUILDING COMPONENTS AND THEIR FUNCTION 10 TO 13

3. DAMP PROOF COURES ( DPC) 14

4. PURPOSES OF DPC 15 TO 17

5. COCLUSION 18

6. REFERENCES 19

7. WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT 20

8. ANNEXURE-II 21

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CLASSIFICATION OF BUILFING :
National building code of India [ SP : 7-1970 ] defined the building as any
structure for whatsoever purpose and if whatsoever materials
constructed and every part there of whether used as human habitation
or not includes foundation, plinth, walls, floors, roofs, chimneys,
plumbing and building services, fixed platforms , verandah , balcony ,
cornice or projection , part of a building or anything affixed there to or
any well enclosing or intended to enclose any land or space and signs
and outdoors display structures. Tents, shamianas, and tarpaulin
shelters are not considered as buildings.
A building may be classified based on different parameters like
occupancy, load transfer in the structure, materials used, degree of fire
resistance, etc. so today I’m going to be share about Classification of
buildings based on occupancy.
The building based on occupancy are classified as follows:
1. Residential Building
2. Educational Building
3. Industrial Building
4. Institutional Building
5. Commercial Building
6. Hazardous Building
7. Storage Building
8. Assembly Building
9. Mercantile buildings
10. Business buildings
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1. Residential buildings : The buildings in which an individual or a

family or a group of families reside temporarily or permanently
are referred as residential buildings such as flat, cottage, house,
bungalow, etc.

2. Educational buildings : The buildings in which education is imparted

to the children are referred as Educational Buildings such as
school, college, library, coaching center, etc.
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3. Industrial buildings :- The Buildings used for producing industrial

goods or products are referred as Industrial Buildings such as
factories, workshops, etc.

4. Institutional buildings :- The buildings constructed for the care of

persons suffering from various diseases mental as well as physical
are referred as Institutional Buildings such as hospitals, sanitaria,
etc.

5. Hazardous buildings :- The buildings used for the purposes

of storage and handling of highly combustible materials are referred
as Hazardous Buildings such as Building used for the storage of sulfur
dioxide ammonia carbon dioxide etc.
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6. Storage buildings :- The buildings used for the storage of

various products are reffered as storage buildings such as cold
storages, god owns etc.

7. Assembly buildings :- The buildings used for get together

purposes are referred as Assembly Buildings such as
Temples, townhalls mosque, etc

8. Mercantile buildings :- These include any building or part a

building , which is used as shops , stores , markets for display
and sale of merchandise either wholesale or retail .
Office , storage and service facilities incidental to the sale
of merchandise and located in the same building should be
included under this group .
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9. Business buildings :- These include any buildings or part of a

buildings which is used for the transaction of business [ other
than group F ] ; for keeping of accounts and records and similar
purposes , service facilities , such as news-stands , lunch
counters serving less than 100 persons , barber shops and beauty
parlours .
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BUILDINGS COMPONENTS AND THEIR

FUNCTIONS :-
The basic components of a building structure are the foundation,
floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. These elements
serve the purpose of supporting, enclosing and protecting the
building structure.

Mentioned below are the 12 basic components a building structure.

1. Roof
2. Parapet
3. Lintels
4. Beams
5. Columns
6. Damp proof course (DPC)
7. Walls
8. Floor
9. Stairs
10. Plinth Beam
11. Foundation
12. Plinth
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1. Roof :- The roof forms the topmost component of a building

structure. It covers the top face of the building. Roofs can be either
flat or sloped based on the location and weather conditions of the
area.
2. Parapet :- Parapets are short walls extended above the roof slab.
Parapets are installed for flat roofs. It acts as a safety wall for
people using the roof.
3. Lintels :- Lintels are constructed above the wall openings like
doors, windows, etc. These structures support the weight of the
wall coming over the opening. Normally, lintels are constructed by
reinforced cement concrete. In residential buildings, lintels can be
either constructed from concrete or from bricks.
4. Beams and Slaps :- Beams and slabs form the horizontal members
in a building. For a single storey building, the top slab forms the
roof. In case of a multi-storey building, the beam transfers the load
coming from the floor above the slab which is in turn transferred
to the columns. Beams and slabs are constructed by reinforced
cement concrete (R.C.C).
5. Columns :- Columns are vertical members constructed above the
ground level. Columns can be of two types: Architectural columns
and structural columns. Architectural columns are constructed to
improve the building's aesthetics while a structural column takes
the load coming from the slab above and transfers safely to the
foundation.
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6. Damp proof course ( DPC ) :- DPC is a layer of waterproofing

material applied on the basement level to prevent the rise of
surface water into the walls. The walls are constructed over the
DPC.

7. Walls :- Walls are vertical elements which support the roof. It can
be made from stones, bricks, concrete blocks, etc. Walls provide
an enclosure and protect against wind, sunshine, rain etc.
Openings are provided in the walls for ventilation and access to the
building.

8. Floors :- The floor is the surface laid on the plinth level. Flooring
can be done by a variety of materials like tiles, granites, marbles,
concrete, etc. Before flooring, the ground has to be properly
compacted and leveled.

9. Stairs :- A stair is a sequence of steps that connects different

floors in a building structure. The space occupied by a stair is
called as the stairway. There are different types of stairs like a
wooden stair, R.C.C stair etc.

10. Plinth Beam :- Plinth beam is a beam structure constructed either

at or above the ground level to take up the load of the wall coming
over it.
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11. Plinth :- The plinth is constructed above the ground level. It is a

cement-mortar layer lying between the substructure and the
superstructure.

12. Foundation :- The Foundation is a structural unit that uniformly

distributes the load from the superstructure to the underlying soil.
This is the first structural unit to be constructed for any building
construction. A good foundation prevents settlement of the
building.
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Damp proof course ( DPC)

A damp proof course is commonly abbreviated as the DPC.
It is a barrier or obstruction that is primarily designed to prevent the
moisture rising by the capillary action.
The capillary action through which the moisture rises is known as the
rising damp.
In other words, a damp proof course can be defined as the layer of
material that is used to prevent the penetration or passage of moisture
inside the structure through the floors, walls or roofs.

It is commonly applied at the basement level of the structure and

thus prevents the passage of moisture through the floors and the
walls.
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PURPOSES OF DPC :-
The major purposes of the damp proof course can be listed as follows:
a. To prevent the movement of moisture in the structure.
b. To prevent the breeding of mosquitoes, growth of termites and other
unhealthy conditions that may arise due to dampness.
c. To prevent the development of unpleasant patches on the walls of the
building.
d. To protect the painted surfaces from dampness.
e. To prevent the softening as well as crumbling of the plasters.
f. To prevent the deterioration of timber fittings such as doors and
windows by warping due to the contact with dampness for a subsequent
period.
g. To protect the floors from the detrimental effect of moisture
movement such as reduction of adhesion, loosening of flooring etc.
h. To prevent the pipes and fittings from corrosion by the ingress of
moisture.
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STEP 1 : - visit to site investigation of plot and soil,

STEP 2 :- Design of plan and other drawings as per requirements of
owner and following the principles of planning .
Design of structural drawings and estimate of this project .
Drawing of electric and plumbing work with there estimate .
STEP 3 :- Approval of plan and various drawings by the concern
authorities.
STEP 4 :- site preparation , construction of shed , fences or compound
walls .
STEP 5 :- starting of construction work .
STEP 6 :- completion of electric work .
STEP 7:- completion of plumbing work .
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STEP 8 :- construction of interior and carpentry work as per the

requirement .
STEP 9 :- construction of boundary walls .
STEP 10 :- cleaning of buildings and makes it really it ready for use .
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CONCLUSION :-
There is no “silver bullet” when it comes to choosing materials for
making sustainable buildings. What the history of building
materials shows, as briefly touched on in this chapter, is that they
have moved from being locally sourced, where their
environmental impact would at least be noticeable, to a situation
where materials are industrially produced and internationally
traded. This may make for cheaper buildings that are put up more
quickly. It will also make for more extreme buildings, in that they
are larger and higher. The price of this is that the environmental
impact of the built environment has grown. However, materials
are only one part of making buildings. Chapter 4, looks at the
impact of putting materials together to make a building and what
the priorities are when it comes to making that building
sustainable.
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REFERENECES:-
https://www.google.com/search?q=classification+of+building&s
xsrf=AOaemvKONMa9rC4ivGUHheb_RyDuoUolvQ%3A1638502592
030&ei=wJCpYfWAAaeb4t4P5ouvgAQ&oq=classificat&gs_lcp=Cg
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/bitstream/handle/123/1348/post-
text.pdf?sequence=11
https://dreamcivil.com/damp-proof-course-dpc/
https://theconstructor.org/building/12-basic-components-
building-structure/34024/
https://constructionor.com/types-of-buildings/
https://dailycivil.com/types-of-buildings/
https://www.slideshare.net/mounikaswathi/classification-of-
buildings
https://expertcivil.com/classification-of-buildings-based-on-
occupa
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WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT

SR.NO. WEEK ACTIVITY PERFORMED SIGN OF GUIDE DATE

1 1st
Discussion and finalization of topic
2 2nd Preparation and submission of Abstract

3 3rd Literature Review

4 4th Collection of Data
5 5th Collection of Data
6 6th Discussion and outline of Content
7 7th Formulation of Content
8 8th Editing and proof Reading of
Content

9 9th Compilation of Report And Presentation

10 10th Seminar
11 11th Viva voce
12 12th Final submission of Micro Project

Sign of Student Sign of Faculty

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ANNEXURE - II
Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project
Academic Year: 2021-22 Name of the Faculty: Manisha Lipankar
Course: Building construction Course code: 22304

Title of the project: Overview of Building components

Cos addressed by Micro Project:

A: Formulate grammatically correct sentences.

B: Summarize comprehension passages.
C: Use relevant words as per context.
D: Deliver prepared speeches to express ideas, thoughts and emotions.
Major learning outcomes achieved by students by doing the project
a. Practical outcome:
1. Deliver oral presentations using correct grammar.

b. Unit outcomes in Cognitive domain:

1. Rewrite sentences using relevant forms of verbs.

c. Outcomes in Affective domain:

1. Function as team member
2. Follow Ethics

Comments/suggestions about teamwork /leadership/interpersonal communication

(if any)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………

Marks out of 6 for Marks out of 4for

performance performance in
Roll Student in group activity (D5 oral/ presentation Total out
No Name Col.8) (D5 Col.9) of 10
14 Akash
Chourasia

(Signature of Faculty)