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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office No. VIII
Schools Division of Eastern Samar
LLORENTE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Escalo Street, Brgy. 12, Llorente, Eastern Samar

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN TLE10- BEAUTY CARE

(Quarter 3- Week 2)
Name : Grade Level/Section :

LRN : Date :

I.Objective:
a. Check and analyze clients hand nails structure and condition
b. Recognize nail disorders for repair nail repair
Code: TLE_HBC9_-12PMPIII/IVa-r-5
II. Content
Topic: Clients Hand Nail, Structure, Condition and Repair
Materials: LAS, (internet if applicable) pen, color, bond paper, or any
other coloring materials

III. LEARN

Manicure and pedicure treatments are carried out on hands, feet, and nails of
clients. To provide better service, good and clearer understanding of the nail
structure is important. Nails (technical name, onyx) are the transparent plates that
protect the tips of fingers, toes, and the nail bed. It is an appendage of the skin.
Knowledge of the nail structure will identify the condition of the nail, and prevent
damage to nail during manicure and pedicure application.
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Structure of the Nail

The Nail consists of 8 main parts:

Parts Definition
1. Nail Plate The nail plate consists of keratin (a protein which is the chief
component of the hair and nails) and semi- translucent cells
packed closely together. It is the visible portion of nail that
rests on the nail bed. It extends from the root to the free
edge. The nail plate can become dry, brittle and separate into
two layers. This condition is caused by wear and tear as well
as harsh chemicals.
2. Free edge The free edge is the end portion of the nail plate that reaches
over the tip of the finger or toe. This is the part of the nail that
is filed giving it a desired shape.
3. Nail groove Nail groove are slits or tracks at either side of the nail upon
which the nail moves as it grows.
4. Cuticle The cuticle is the overlapping skin at the base of nail.
Cuticles become dry from excessive exposure to water and
chemicals and also because of the natural aging process. A
manicurist/ pedicurist pays particular attention to cuticles
ensuring that they are well conditioned. They pr event
infection of the matrix.
5. Nail wall The nail wall is made up of folds of skin overlapping the sides
of the nail, providing protection for the nail.
6. Nail bed The nail bed is the portion of skin upon which the nail plate
rests. It contains blood vessels that provide nourishment for
growth. It also contains nerves.
7. Matrix New cells are formed in the matrix and they move forward,
hardening on the nail bed until they make up the free edge. It
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contains nerves, lymph, and the blood vessels that nourish

the nail; it produces cells that generate and harden the nail.
Damage to cells in the matrix will affect the growth of nails.
8. Lunula The lunula is seen as a half-moon located at base of nail. It is
caused by reflection of light.
Source: Mazhani, O., Sibanda, L., and Deurwaarder, J. (2015). Manicure and
Pedicure. Francistown College of Technical and Vocational Education.
Fracistown, Botswana.

The structure of the nail gives the manicurist the idea of the nail
condition of the clients. Manicurist must be aware of the acidity and alkalinity
of the products they use during and after manicuring. Alkaline products may
cause the skin to be irritated specially the sensitive skin types. A product is
considered to have an acid balance when it has a pH of 07; a product is
alkaline when it has a pH of 7-14. Soap is alkaline having a pH of 9.
Therefore, manicurist/ pedicurists should avoid over exposure of client’s
hands and nails to soap or any other alkaline product.

To check whether the nail is healthy, it should be firm, flexible, and

slightly pinkish in color. The surface of the nail must be smooth and slightly
curve. An average nail growth is .3125cm per month.

Assessment of Client’s Nail Condition

Assessment is an examination of the nails in order to evaluate and work out
with a treatment plan. The assessment of the nail includes the following:

Cuticle Check whether the cuticles are dry, tight or cracked, soft,
and supple.
Nails Inspect whether the nails are strong or weak, brittle or
flaking, discolored or stained.
Classify the shape of the nails whether square, round, or
oval; long or short, or bitten.
Hands Evaluate whether the skin is dry, rough, chapped, soft, or
smooth. Check if the skin color is even.
See whether there are signs of inflammation or infection.

After the assessment, the client is advised to work out with a treatment plan and
agreed on an expected outcome. For example, if the client’s nails are dry you may
advise him of paraffin or hot oil treatments.

Nail Disorders are any irregular condition of the nail but not infectious. The
knowledge and awareness of nail disorders give the manicurist the idea to treat the
nail accordingly. Most of the nail disorders are treated with oil manicure procedure.
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Oil manicure is the most luxurious, relaxing, and expensive nail treatment that you
can ever try for cleaning your nails, softening your cuticles, and providing deep
nourishment. Instead of traditional manicure ingredients like acrylic powders, nail
polishes, etc., it uses a heated mixture of natural oils.

Nail Disorder Illustration Conditions and Nail Repair

1. Leuconychia
These are white spots on the nails. It
disappears when the nail continues
to grow.

2. Onychsxis It is an overgrown nail, usually in

thickness not in length.

Nail Repair:
Proceed with manicure if there is no
sign of infection; gently buff the nail
with pumice powder.

3. Corrugations Corrugations are wavy ridges caused

by uneven growth of nails.

Nail Repair:
Carefully buff nails with pumice
powder.
4. Furrows These are depressions running
across or lengthwise on the nail.
These are a result of injury or illness
to the cells near to the matrix.

These are depressions running

across or lengthwise on the nail.
These are a result of injury or illness
to the cells near to the matrix.

Nail Repair:
Great care must be taken during a
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manicure. Avoid use of metal

pusher. Instead, use an orange
wood stick wrapped in cotton wool.
5. Onychatrophia It is a condition where the nail loses
luster, becomes smaller, and
sometimes sheds entirely.

Nail Repair:
The nail should be lightly filed with
the fine side of the emery board.
The client should be advised to
avoid exposure to strong soaps.
6. Pterygium It is a forward growth of the cuticle
that adheres to the nail.

Nail Repair:
Use oil manicure procedure and
remove excess nails using cuticle
nippers.
7. Onychophagy These are bitten nails.

Nail Repair:
Regular oil manicure will soften
cuticles.

8. Onychorrhexis These are split and brittle nails

caused by injuries or vitamin
deficiency.

Nail Repair:
Use oil manicure.
9. These are ingrown nails. The
Onychocryptosis condition is commonly on toenails.

Nail Repair:
Cut the toenails straight across. If
infection occurs, refer the client to
the doctor.
10. Blue Nails

It is blue discoloration of the nails

caused by poor blood circulation,
trapping blood under the nail.
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11. Eggshell Nails are thin, white and unusually

flexible. In severe cases the nail
plate separates from the nail bed and
curves at the free edge.

Nail Repair:
Use Oil Manicure.
12. Bruised Nails
Nails that are dark, purplish spots
due to injury.

Nail Repair:
Avoid applying pressure during
manicure

IV ACTIVITY/PERFROMANCE TASK
Directions: Draw one nail condition a bond paper and write down nail treatment
repair plan for it. You may research additional information using the internet, or ask
your parents personally, friends or relatives (online) about it.

Rubrics
Indicators 10 8 6
Creativity Very creative, the nail Creative and Not so creative.
disorder is presented very the illustration
well. is presentable.
Nail Repair
The suggested Nail Repair The suggested Nail Repair Incorrect Nail Repair
Treatment Treatment is appropriate and Treatment is appropriate Treatment.
extensive in information. and based only on this
module.

V. ASSESSTMENT

Directions: Make your own routine and ways on how to take care of your nails. List down
five ways on how you take care of your nails. (2 points each)