TERJEMAHAN BUKU

“MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND APPLIED CALCULUS”

HALAMAN 81-82

NAMA : Siti Nur Maghfiroh

KELAS : Teknik Informatika B
NIM : 220605110036

1.5 INVERSE FUNCTIONS

MONOTONIC FUNCTIONS HAVE INVERSES.

Let f(x) be a function. If f(x) is increasing on its domain or if it is decreasing on its domain,
then it has an inverse.

EXAMPLE 8 Use monotonicity to explain why each function in Figure 12 does or does not have
an inverse.

Solution. (a) The line in Figure 12(a) is decreasing on its domain of (-∞,∞), which means that it has an
inverse.

(b) The curve in Figure 12(b) is increasing on (-∞,2) and (2,∞), but decreasing on (-2,2). Therefore, this
curve does not have an inverse, because it exhibits more than one type of monotonicity
‰ QUESTION 7 Use monotonicity to explain why each function in Figure 13 does or does not have an
inverse.

CHAPTER 1. FUNCTIONS FOR MODELING DATA

Finding Inverses Algebraically
We know how to find the inverse of a function when the function is presented in a table (swap
the input and output rows) and when the function is presented graphically (reflect across y = x).
In addition to tabular and graphical presentations of functions, algebraically presented
functions are also of interest. Determining whether a given algebraic function does or does not
have an inverse can be accomplished by graphing such a function with RStudio and then
applying the horizontal line test. If such a function does have an inverse, the following two-step
process is used to find the algebraic presentation of its inverse function:

FINDING INVERSES OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS.

If y = f(x) is a function that has an inverse, then f-1(x) is found as follows.
1. Solve y = f (x) for x in terms of y.
2. Interchange the variables x and y.

In the first step of “solve y = f(x) for x in terms of y,” an expression is sought that takes an output from
the original function, reverses all the function’s actions, and returns the output to the corresponding
input. In this way, the algebraic expression for the inverse function can be found.

The second step of “interchange the variables x and y” is more of a book-keeping step, because
functions are usually presented in terms of input variable x and this step extends this convention to the
inverse function. For example, recall the discussion of f(x) = x+1 immediately after the definition of an
inverse function. Working intuitively, the operation of adding one is reversed by subtracting one, which
means that the inverse of f(x) = x + 1 is f-1(x) = x-1. This statement of the inverse follows the standard
convention of presenting f-1(x) in terms of x, rather than in terms of y as f-1(y) = y-1.
EXAMPLE 9 Verify each function has an inverse and find its algebraic expression:

(a) y = 4x-7
(b) y=x3+5

Solution.

(a) The line y = 4x-7 has a positive slope of m = 4 and is increasing on its domain of (-∞,∞). Therefore,
this function has an inverse because increasing functions have inverses. An algebraic expression for
this inverse is found by first solving for x in terms of y.

y = 4x – 7 Given function
y + 7 = 4x Add 7 to both sides
y+ 7
=x Divide both sides by 4
4
1 7
y + =x Simplify
4 4