SMKS PLUS QURROTA A’YUN

SAMARANG

MODUL AJAR
MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA
INGGRIS

KELAS XI

SMKS PLUS QURROTA A’YUN SAMARANG

TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022

Disusun oleh :

Solihatin, S.Pd
 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
MODUL PEMBELAJARAN / HAND OUT

Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris

Kelas/Semester : XI / I
Sekolah : SMKS Plus Qurrota A’yun Samarang
Tahun Pelajaran : 2021 / 2022

Disahkan pada:
Tanggal : 20 Juli 2021
Di : Samarang – Garut

Guru Mata Pelajaran,

Solihatin, S.Pd

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 CHAPTER I
Offers and Suggestions

KOMPETENSI DASAR
3.1 Menerapkan fungsi sosial, sruktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi transaksional
lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait saran dan
tawaran, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaanya. (Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan should, can)
4.1 Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional, lisan dan tulis, pendek dan sederhana, yang
melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait saran dan tawaran, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai
konteks.

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A. Pre-Activity

4
 B. Building Blocks

SUGGESTIONS
➢ Giving suggestions means giving an idea, solution, advice or plan for someone’s
consideration. It can be accepted or refused.
We will ask for a suggestion from our parents, family, and best friend to make any decision
if we know nothing or get confused on something.
➢ Social function: to facilitate interpersonal communication between different people.
➢ Expressions
Asking for Suggestions Giving/making Suggestions
- Do you have any suggestion for me? - I think we’d better …
- Do you have any ideas for me? - You’d better …
- Any ideas? - What about …?
- Would you mind giving me your suggestion? - Why don’t we/you …?
- Can you tell me what I should do? - I suggest you …
- What should I do? - It would probably be a good idea to …
- Etc. - Maybe you could …
- Let’s … (informal)
- How about … (informal)
- Etc.

Accepting Suggestion Refusing Suggestion

- That’s a good idea - No. I don’t think so.
- Alright - I don’t think we should.
- Good/okay/right - Well, not really.
- That sounds like a good suggestion - No. Let’s …
- Yes, you’re right - That’s too boring.
- That’s interesting. - Etc.
- Etc.

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➢ Formula

We should watch The Hanger Game

in the cinema.
Subject + Modal (should, ought to,
could, etc) + V + Complement
Shall I bring you some tea?

FORMAL
I suggest (that) we should go to
Subject1 + Suggest + (that) + the theater.
Subject2 + should + V +
Complement (penggunaan “should”
itu pilihan) I suggest (that) we go to the
movies.

What about going to the cinema

WH question tonight?
(what, where, why,
when, which, how )
INFORMAL How about going to Sam’s place first?

Why don’t you do your homework

before going out?

On giving a suggestion, we use: ➢ Example of Suggestion

- Let’s go to the library.
• You should + Verb 1 (V1) - Let’s go to movie.
• You had better + V1 - Why don’t you do your homework
• You ought to + V1 before going out?
• I suggest you to + V1 - We could eat at home today.
• What about + Ving - What about eating at the new place?
• How about + Ving - How about going to Sam’s place first?
• Let’s + V1 - I suggest that we call it a day.
• Why don’t you + V1 - You need to change your sleeping habits.
• Couldn’t you + V1 - I think you should go and meet her.
- I think we should do it this way.
Also we can use with “could”, “let’s”, “why - Etc.
don’t”, and “shall”. 6
OFFERS
➢ Offer means to give something physical or abstract to someone, which can be taken as a gift
or a trade.
Offer can be given in terms of food, money, solutions, friendship, or a bargain. It can be taken
or refused.
➢ Social function: to facilitate interpersonal communication between different people.
➢ Expressions

Making Offers Accepting Offers Declining Offers

Can I help you?
Shall I bring you some tea?
Would you like another
helping of cake?
How about I help you with
this?
Can I take you home?
Etc.
Yes, please. I really
appreciate it.
Thank you, it is very kind of
you.
Ye, please. Yhay would be
lovely.
Yes, please, that would be
very kind of you.
Thank you, I appreciate
your help.
It’s okay, I can do it myself.
No, thank you.
No, thanks. I don’t want
another helping.
Don’t worry, I will do it
myself.
That’s alright, I will manage
on my own.

➢ Formula

Modal verb + Subject + Object

Let’s take a look at the sentence structure to offer something.
Modal Verb Subject Object
Should I bring you a cup of coffee?
Can I help you?
Would you care for another cup of tea?
Will you have tea with that?
shall we take you there?

On giving an offer, we use:

1. Formal
- Can I get you some...?
- Would you like some...?
- May I offer you some...?
- Would you like me to get you some...?
2. Informal
- How about some...?
- What about some...?
- What do you say about some...?
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- Are you up for some...?
➢ Example of Offers
- May I give you a hand?
- Can I help you?
- Shall I bring you some tea?
- Would you like another piece of cake?
- How about I help you with this?
- Can I clean the car for you?
- Shall I help you with your homework?
- I will do the washing, if you like.

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C. Let’s Practice

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 CHAPTER 2
Opinions & Thoughts

KOMPETENSI DASAR
3.2 Menerapkan fungsi social, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi transaksional
lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait pendapat dan
pikiran, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaanya. (Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan I think, I suppose, In
my opinion.)

4.2 Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional, lisan dan tulis, pendek dan sederhana, yang melibatkan
tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait pendapat dan pikiran, dengan memperhatikan
fungsi social, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks.

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 A.Pre-Activity
With a partner, read the conversational text given.

Discuss these questions with your partner.

1. What is happening between Siti and Jane?
2. What kind of conversation are they having?
3. Whom do you agree with, Jane or Siti? Why?
4. Have you witnessed bullying? Describe how you felt.

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 B. Building Blocks
Opinions

An opinion is the way you feel or think about something. Our opinion about something or
someone is based on our perspective. Whenever we give or express our opinion it is important to
give reasoning or an example to support our opinion.

Let’s look at the sentence structure to express opinions.

Subject Verb Object

I agree
We believe
I reckon
I agree
I doubt
We assume
I don’t agree
I think
I think
with what you are saying.
this is not the right way to handle things.
this could be right considering the reasons you have
provided.
that i didn’t look at it from this perspective.
that this is possible.
you are biased on this issue.
with you.
you are mistaken.
so too.

Expressions
➢ Asking Opinion

Formal Informal

• Would you give me your opinion on ….? • What do you think of …?

• What is your reaction to …? • What do you think about …?
• What is your opinion about …? • What is your opinion?
• Do you agree with that …? • Why do they behave like that?
• Do you have anything to say about it? • Do you think its going?
• What are your views on …? • How do you like?
• Do you have any idea …? • How about …?
• What is your feeling about …? • Give me your comment about …?
• Have you got any comments on …? • Is it good if …?
• May I know your opinion about …, please? • How do you think of Rina’s idea?
• Etc. • Etc.

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 ➢ Giving Opinion

Personal Point of View General Point of View

A general point of view creates a balance in
writing and helps avoid absolute
statements.
• What I mean is …. • Most people do not agree ….
• In my opinion …. • Almost everyone ….
• I would like to point out that …. • Some people say that ….
• To my mind …. • Some people believe ….
• I reckon …. • Of course, many argue ….
• As I see it …. • While some people believe ….
• I think …. • Generally it is accepted ….
• Personally, I think …. • The majority disagree with ….
• I strongly believe that …. • It is sometimes argued ….
• From my point of view …. • It is considered ….
• Etc. • Etc.

➢ Responding Opinion

Agree Disagree
• Of course. • I am sorry, I don’t agree with you.
• This is absolutely right. • I am not sure I agree with you
• I agree with this opinion. • I don’t agree with you.
• I couldn’t agree more. • I am afraid I have to disagree with
• I agree with what you are saying but have you.
you ever …. • I do not believe that.
• I agree, I never thought of that. • I disagree with you.
• Neither do I. • I think you are wrong.
• That’s a good point. • That’s not the same thing at all.
• I think so too. • I am not convinced that ….
• Etc. • I can’t say I agree with this, and here’s
why ….
• Etc.

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Example
Satement Agree Disagree

Smoking should be banned I totally agree that smoking I am sorry but I tend to
in public places. should be banned in public disagree with you on this.
places.

Bullying is so prevalent in I couldn’t agree more with I think it would be wrong to

most schools. you. generalize.

Women should not work. I think so too. Women I am afraid I have to

should stay at home and take disagree with you on this.
care of their children.

Harry Potter series is much Yes, I agree. Harry Potter It’s not justified to say
better than Twilight series. series has a much better and because both have different
well-developed story line. plots.

Online gaming should be Absolutely right. It should I don’t agree with you. It is a
banned. be as it distracts students venue for students to
from studying. develop their skills.

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C, Let’s Practice
A. Choose the correct answer by crossing (x) a, b, c or d!

Dialogue for no. 1-2 1. Does Rini also drink the rose tea?
Rini : What do you drink, Tia? a. No, she does not.
Tia : I drink rose tea. Would you like some? b. No, she do not.
Rini : Rose tea? You mean tea which is made of c. Yes, she doesn’t.
rose? d. Yes, she does.
Tia : Yes. Do you never drink it?
Rini : I don’t know if rose can be made for tea. 2. The underlined sentence shows that Tia
In my experience, rose is just a kind of ….
flower. a. agrees with Rina’s opinion
Tia : I think you’re wrong. Rose can be used b. doesn’t agree with Rina’s opinion
also for tea, jelly, and cosmetic.
c. gives her opinion about rose tea
Rini : Really?
Tia : Of course, rose contains high vitamin C. d. asks for Rina’s opinion about rose
Rini : I want to drink it now, Tia. Can you give
me the rose tea, please?
Tia : Sure. What do you think about it?
Rini : Wow. According to me it’s better than
3. Tedy: I think
commonthis country’s
tea. problem all come from inflation.
Ellen: well I’m not sure that I agree with you.
The underline sentence is?
a. Offering help c. Asking for opinion
b. Giving opinion d. Disagreeing opinion
4. Ellen: I think unemployment is a big problem.
The sentence above is?
a. Opinion c. Offering Help
b. Suggestion d. Advice
5. Dirk: Can you give me an opinion about my sculpture?
Jake: Sure thing! I think you should have had fixed the hand.
Dirk: Thanks, Jake.
Jake: No problem!
From the dialogue above, Dirk is...
a. Asking for help c. Giving an opinion
b. Giving help d. Asking for an opinion

Dialogue for no. 6-7

Aldi : I get a serious problem now. I don’t know how to solve it. I am confused.
Rian : Would you please tell us your problem.
Aldi : There’s a big chance for me to stop my study next semester. My father retired last
month so he cannot pay my school fee.
Danu : Take it easy.
Aldi : How can I solve the problem?
Danu : I reckon you ask for a letter from authority telling that your family can’t afford the
school fee. Then you submit the letter to your school or to the parents’ representative.
Rian : In my opinion, you can also request scholarship. I think you are the best.
Aldi : I agree, I never thought of that. I’l try to do that. Thanks a lot. 18
Danu : Good luck.
6. To whom should Aldi submit the letter?
a. Rian’s parents c. Danu
b. Aldi’s father d. Aldi’s school

7. Does Aldi agree with his friends’ suggestion?

a. Yes, he does. c. No, he does not.
b. No, he is not. d. No, of course.

8. Carter : I like the chocolate cake.

According to me it is the greatest food at the party.
Adam : …. I like it for it is so nice. It’s so sweet and the texture is so soft.
a. This is absolutely right. c. I can’t agree with you.
b. I don’t think so. d. Do you agree with me?

9. Rendi : Look at the bag!

Tulus : I think it’s an expensive price for a bag.
Rendi : …. The bag is so good so it’s normal if the price is expensive.
a. I agree with you. c. I am with you.
b. I don’t think so. d. Do you agree with me?

10. Which one is not the expression of asking for opinion?

a. What do you think?
b. Do you have any ideas?
c. What is your opinion?
d. Do you have any opinion?
e. What is your point of view?

B. Complete the dialogue with the words in the box!

assignment finishes save right next

report registration look idea bring

Mawar : Why do you (1) … so sad, Vera?

Vera : Yea. I won’t join the study tour (2) … two month.
Mawar : Why?
Deni : We must join the study tour because the students must make the (3) ... about it as the
final (4) ….
Vera : I know that, but I don’t have money to pay the (5) … My father must pay my brother’s
school fee.
Mawar : I think you can (6) … your money everyday.
Vera : that’s a good (7) …, but I need my money to buy food and drink at the break time. You
know I am always hungry because our school (8) … at 2 p.m.
Deni : In my opinion you can (9) … food from house. Therefore you will not be hungry, so
you can save your money to join the study tour.
Vera : You’re (10) …. Thanks a lot friends.

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 Deni : Don’t mention it.
C. Answer the questions based on the dialogue above!
1. Why is Vera sad?
Answer:
.........................................................................................................................................................
2. Why will not Vera join the study tour?
Answer:
.........................................................................................................................................................
3. Why must Vera join the study tour?
Answer:
.........................................................................................................................................................
4. Why cannot Vera pay the registration?
Answer:
.........................................................................................................................................................
5. What will Vera do to join the study tour?
Answer:
.........................................................................................................................................................

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 CHAPTER 3
FORMAL INVITATION

3.3 Membedakan fungsi social, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks khusus
dalam bentuk undangan resmi dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait kegiatan
sekolah/tempat kerja sesuai dengan konteks penggunaanya.
4.3 Teks undangan resmi
4.3.1 Merangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fugsi social, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan teks khusus dalam bentuk undangan resmi lisan dan tulis, terkait kegiatan
sekolah/tempat kerja.
4.3.2 Menyusun teks khusus dalam bentuk undangan resmi lisan dan tulis, terkait kegiatan
sekolah/tempat kerja, dengan memperhatikan fungsi social, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan secara benar dan sesuai konteks.

A.Pre-Activity

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 Perform the dialogue below!
Good morning, Mrs.
James
Very well, thank you.
Yes. My husband
and I happily live
here. Thank you.
We’d love you and
your husband to
come to have dinner
with us tonight.
You know we just moved
here yesterday. So, we want
to introduce ourselves to
neighbours here by having
dinner together.
Good morning, Mrs.
Brown. How are you?
Do you enjoy living in
this residence? I need
to know that for you
are new here.
I’m glad to hear that.
That would be
wonderful. We’d love
to come. Thank you.
That’s very good indeed. It
makes us know one another.
That’s right. Well, See you, Mrs. Brown.
Mrs. James see you
tonight.
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 B. Building Blocks

Types of Invitation

Formal invitation Informal invitation

•Formal invitation is the official •Informal invitation is not an

invitation usually written reply official invitation written or oral
came from such invitations and and this invitation is usually
companies, etc. given to friends, family and
•It is a letter, written in formal others.
language, in the stipulated •It is a letter written in an friendly
format for official purpose. manner to someone you are
•Written to; business, familiar with.
collage/institute, employer, •Written to: friend, family,
organizations. acquaintances.
•Passive voice, long, simple, •Active voice, short and simple
precise, concise words, complex sentences.
sentences and detailed
information.

Formal Invitation
Formal invitation is an invitation which follow a dignified form, tone or style, in
agreement with the established norms, customs or values (Websters, 2012).
The tone should be friendly and sincere. Words should be chosen carefully. The style
of writing should be formal.

Social Function

Inviting someone to go somewhere, to do something or to participate in an event.

Common Format of a Formal Invitation
- The first line is the name(s) of the person(s) who invite(s)
- The second line is the request for participation.
- The third line is the names of the person(s) invited.
- The fourth line is the occasion for invitation.
- The fifth line is the time and date of the occasion.
- The sixth line is the place of the occasion.
- The last line is the request for reply (RSVP).

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 Example of Formal Invitation
- An invitation to the opening of a school
- An invitation to the Graduation ceremony
- An invitation to a wedding
- An invitation to a meeting
- An invitation to the birthday party

Format of Layout

Addresses of the addresser and the addressee

Salutation
Body
- State for whom the invitation is and by who it is given
- Reasons of invitation
- Date
- Time
- Place
- R.S.V.P (it is a French word “Respondez S’il Vous Plait” which means “Please
Reply”

Signature

Responding to Formal Invitations

 Formal invitations should be responded to

within 3 days
 Replies are written in third person
 Replies have to be handwritten
 Reason should be briefly stated for declining
the invitation

Example of RSVP:

1. Acceptance
Mr. and Mrs. Wibowo accept the invitation with pleasure.

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 2. Declining
Mr. and Mrs. Wibowo regret to decline the invitation due to health reasons.

3. Responding card
Responding card comes with the invitation card. This card should probably be
handwritten.

Expression of Invitation
Most spoken invitations are in the form of questions begin with will, would, would you like,
would you care, etc.

Inviting Accepting Refusing

- I’d like to invite you to ….
- Would you like to come to …?
- I’d like you to come to ….
- I’d love you to come to ….
- Do you mind coming to …?
- Would you please come to …?
- We would like to join us ….
- Would you join us?
- Could you come to ….
- I’ll be happy if you come to
….
- I’d love to, thank you.
- Sure, thank you.
- I’ll come. Thank you for
inviting me.
- That would be
wonderful. Thanks for
the invitation.
- Yes, with a pleasure.
- Sure. I’ve been waiting
for the best moment to
join it.
- I’d love to come, but I
can’t. I’m sorry.
- Thank you for inviting
me, but I can’t.
- I wish I could, but ….
- Please forgive me, but ….
- I’m sorry. I have lots of
work to do.
- Actually I’d like to come,
but I have something to do
next Sunday.

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Inviting to a Meeting

27
Inviting to a Wedding

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 C. Let’s Practice
 Task 1
Read the following text loudly!

Twig Corp.
St. Marry Street No. 77
7736 Quebec
Canada
10/10/2017
Steven Philips
Radcliff Street No. 16
7741 Quebec
Canada

Dear Mr. Steven Philips,

You are kindly invited to a gala dress ball celebrating the birthday of Mr. James Brown. The ball
will take place at the Crystal Hotel on Wednesday the 22 nd of October. The dress code is formal.
Proceedings will start with a display of fireworks at 8 p.m. while a program of events will be
delivered to you upon arrival. A four course dinner will be served in the Montgomery hall at 9.00,
whereby Mr. Brown will make his arrival and welcome each of personally. Free parking will be on
disposal to guests at the front gate of the venue.
Please complete full details on the attached R.S.V.P. and return to the address stated above by
the 20th of October. Unfortunately we are not in position to accept replies received after this date. On
behalf of Mr. Brown, I look forward to your attendance.

Mr. Ryan Bean

Assistant to Mr. Brown.

 Task 2
Answer the questions according to the letter above!
1. Who is the sender of the letter?
Answer: ........................................................
2. Who writes the letter?
Answer: .......................................................
3. To whom is the letter addressed?
Answer: .......................................................
4. What is the goal of the letter?
Answer: ........................................................
5. When is the ball held?
Answer: ........................................................
6. Where is the ball held?
Answer: ........................................................
7. What should Mr. Philips wear to attend the
event?
Answer: ........................................................
8. What time will the dinner be served?
Answer: ........................................................
9. Where do the guests park the car?
Answer: ........................................................
10. What does R.S.V.P. mean?
Answer: ........................................................

 Task 3
Complete the dialogues below with expressions of inviting, accepting, and refusing invitation!
1. A : Could you come to my house for dinner?

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 B : …. I will come at six o’clock.
2. A : Would you please accompany me to watch the movie in the cinema?
B : …. I must visit my uncle at hospital.
3. A : … the barbeque party tonight?
B : I’d like to, but tomorrow I have a test so I must study tonight.
4. A : … to my brother’s graduation party?
B : How nice of you, thanks a lot.
5. A : I’d be glad if you come to my concert tomorrow.
B : …. There will be my parents wedding anniversary tomorrow.

 Task 4
Complete the following dialogues with the appropriate response!
1. Niko : How about having dinner in a café tonight?
Desi : (decline) …………………………………..
2. Bobby : Would you like to watch the concert of Celine Dion next week?
Clara : (accept) …………………………………..
3. Diana : I would like to come to my birthday party.
Riska : (accept) …………………………………..
4. Sania : We would be pleased if you could meet our family tomorrow.
Joan : (decline) …………………………………..
5. Lily : Would you like to come to my house to have a barbeque party?
Deasy : (accept) …………………………………..

 Task 5
Fill in the blanks with the words provided in the box!

STUDENTS ORGANIZATION
OF SMA NEGERI 88 SURAKARTA
Jalan Anggrek No.58, Solo 57155, Telephone: (0271) 736389

Surakarta, October 25th 2017

Raharjo Sudirman
Headmaster of SMA N 88
Surakarta

We (1) … you to a meeting of Students Organization for (2) … the 50 th (3) … of SMA
Negeri 88 Surakarta.
Day : (4) ….
(5) … : October 27th, 2014
(6) … : 1.00 p.m.
Place : School (7) … of SMA Negeri 88, Surakarta
We certainly (8) … forward to your (9) … at the meeting.
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(10) … of Students Organization
Mega Rini
 Monday secretary date invite presence
Discussing hall anniversary look time

C. Let’s Create/Contribute

Choose one of the activities given below.

- With your group, create a formal invitation for the head of your school, inviting him/her to
the graduation ceremony in your school. Use the format you have learnt in the building
blocks.
- With your group, create a formal invitation for the head of your district, inviting him/her to
the ribbon cutting ceremony to inaugurate the new science laboratory in your school. Use
the format you have lea learnt in the building blocks.
- With your group, create a formal invitation for organization of your school, inviting the
leader of the organization to the OSIS meeting. Use the format you have learnt in the
building blocks.
- With your group, create a formal invitation for your brother’s wedding, inviting the all
people you know to your brother’s wedding. Use the format you have learnt in the building
blocks.
- Design and create a formal invitation card template.

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 CHAPTER 4
ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

3.4 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks
eksposisi analitis lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait isu
aktual, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.

4.4 Teks eksposisi analitis

4.4.1 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan teks eksposisi analitis lisan dan tulis, terkait isu aktual
4.4.2 Menyusun teks eksposisi analitis tulis, terkait isu aktual, dengan memperhatikan
fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai konteks.

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Read the text below.

Global Warming
Is it an end to our world?

Global warming is a phenomenon used to describe the gradual increase in the temperature of
Earth's atmosphere and oceans. Global warming is not a new problem but lately people are
acknowledging that we are facing a serious problem. Climate change is apparent everywhere.
Failed crops, economic slowdown, and deforestation are among the several impacts of global
warming.

First of all, there is irrefutable evidence that human activities have changed the atmosphere of our
earth. Since the time we have been industrializing, we started polluting our waters and air, and
have been releasing greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.

Secondly, according to research by the Greenpeace organization, there is evidence of extensive

deforestation being carried out in Indonesia and other tropical countries around the world. These
forests are used to grow crops like palm sugar, palm oil and coffee-the lifeline of Western society
(Green-peace report, 2007). The impact of climate change is noticeable throughout Asia-Pacific,
either during hot days or too much rain accompanied by wind and thunderstorm. This has started
to affect the economy as well.

Furthermore, the shifting weather patterns have made it difficult for farmers to grow crops. A
recent study has shown that due to unpredictable weather patterns, there have been lot of failed
crops (Reuters, 2007).

In conclusion, global warming is not a new problem nor are we solely responsible for it. But as the
citizens of the world, we have to take every possible action to help overcome this issue. It is not
only for us but for all the future generations to follow.

Discussion
1. What is global warming?
2. Is it a severe problem? Why?
3. What kind of text is given above?

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 Analytical Exposition
Text

The argument and point

In your life if you have tried to
An analytical exposition of view have to be
persuade anyone on a certain
text evaluate a topic supported by facts and
issue or argued relentlessly
critically but focuses only relevant information. The
about something with someone,
on one side of an thesis statement has to
then you have used an
argument. be reiterated in the
exposition.
conclusion.

Social Function
The purpose of an exposition text is to persuade your audience to look at an issue with your
perspective.

Speeches/Lectures

Legal Defense Editorials

Example of exposition
texts are
Letters Newspaper
Articles

Political Essays
Leaflets

An exposition text needs to;

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 clearly state the point of view,

use valid research findings to support your viewpoint,

Defend your viewpoint,

Support the viewpoint with factual data like graphs, pictures, charts.

Generic structure of exposition text:

Thesis Introducing the topic and indicating the
writer’s point of view.
Argument Explaining the argument to support the
writer’s position. The number of arguments
may vary but each argument must be
supported by evidence and explanation.
Reiteration/Conclusion Restating the writer’s point of view or to
strengthen the thesis.
We can use the following phrase to make
conclusion in reiteration;
- From the fact above ….
- I personally believe ….
- Therefore, my conclusion is ….
- In conclusion ….
Language features of an Exposition text:

• Use descriptive persuasive words with emotive connotations to emphasize your

viewpoint. These words can either be positive or negative.
• Use thesaurus to find an appropriate word.
For example:
- Instead of using “bad”, USE appalling, unfavourable, ghastly, terrible;
- Instead of using “good”, USE fantastic, incredible, momentous, remarkable;
- Instead of using “persuading”, USE convincing, urging, enticing, realistic;
- Instead of using “persuasive”, USE credible, realistic, rational, sane, coherent.
• Use the present tense
Subject + V1 (e/es) + Complement (vebal) We have to take every possible action.
Subject + auxiliary verb ( to be) + Global warming is a phenomenon used to
Complement (nominal) describe the gradual increase.
• Use mental verbs such as I believe; I prefer; I agree; I doubt; I disagree.
• Use saying verbs to support the argument such as people say; it is said; research
indicates, etc.
• Use connecting words to link to arguments so that the flow of the arguments is logical
and fluent.
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 Some examples are: additionally, furthermore, not only, also, in addition, moreover,
likewise, firstly, secondly, etc.
• Use causal conjunction to indicate a cause or reason of what is being stated.
For example: because, consequently, despite, due to, for that reason, in that case, even
though, yet, otherwise, etc.
• Use words that express the author’s attitude; to qualify or confirm.
For example: will, frequently, may, must, usually, typically, habitually, commonly,
doubtless, characteristically, in all probability, etc.
• Use persuasive techniques:
- Use generalizations to support viewpoints or arguments. Generalizations are common
beliefs, general statements.
- Use evidence and facts to back up the generalizations like using research, expert
opinions, testimonies or quotes.
- Use exaggerations to make things or issues appear better or worse than they actually
are.

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 Task 1
Please read and identify the text below!

Cars Should be Banned in the City

Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and
cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world.
Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and
‘triggers’ of asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars
commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads
biggest killers.
Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep
at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone.
In conclusion, I agree that cars should be banned from the city for the reasons
listed.
1. Generic Structure

Structure Sentence / Evidence from the text

1. Thesis …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

2. Argument 1 …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

3. Argument 2 …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

4. Argument 3 …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

5. Argument … …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

6. Reiteration …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

2. Language Features

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 Language Feature Sentence / Evidence from the text
1. Simple Present …………………………………………………………………
Tense …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

2. Mental Verbs …………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………

3. Connecting …………………………………………………………………
words …………………………………………………………………

4. Internal …………………………………………………………………
Conjunctions …………………………………………………………………

5. The author’s …………………………………………………………………

attitude …………………………………………………………………

 Task 2
Arrange the paragraphs below into a good analytical exposition text!

A
From all of that, having mobile computer is absolutely useful for students who
want to catch the best result for their study. Buying laptop online is advisable because
it will cut the price. This online way is recommendation since online shop also
provides several laptop types. Students just need to decide which type they really need.
B
Secondly, finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was. Recently
there is an online shop which provides comprehensive information. The best is that
the shop has service of online shopping. The students just need to brows that online
shop, decide which computer or laptop they need, and then complete the transaction.
After that the laptop will be delivered to the students’ houses. That is really easy and
save time and money.

C
Conventionally, students need book, pen, eraser, drawing book, ruler and such
other stuff. Additionally, in this multimedia era, students need more to reach their
progressive development. Students need mobile keyboards to record every presented
subject easily. Of course it will need more cost but it will deserve for its function.

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 D
First, modern schools tend to apply fast transferring knowledge because the
school needs to catch the target of curriculum. Every subject will tend to be given in
demonstrative method. Consequently, students need extra media cover the subject.
Since there is a laptop on every student’s desk, this method will help student to get
better understanding.

Write an analytical text!

Please answer the questions below using skimming and scanning techniques according
to the text that you have arranged!
1. What do students need in the multimedia era?
Answer: ...............................................................................................................................
2. Why is there any laptop in every student’s desk in modern school?
Answer: ...............................................................................................................................

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 3. According to the text, how to find an appropriate laptop for students?
Answer: ...............................................................................................................................
4. Why is buying laptop from online shop is advisable?
Answer: ...............................................................................................................................
5. Show the generic structure of the text!
Answer: ...............................................................................................................................
 Task 3
Read aloud the exposition text that you have made in front of the class, with the correct
pronunciation and word stress.

 Task 4
Write an analytical exposition text on any of the recent issues in the media. Give at least two
(2) arguments plus an explanation to support your thesis statement.

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43
 Daftar Pustaka
- Buku Penunjang Kurikulum 2013 Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI, Kemendikbud, Revisi
Tahun 2017
- Modul Pengayaan Bahasa Inggris, Robertus W., Kurikulum 2013

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