1 Spread footing: Foundation3 Number: 1

1.1 Basic data Z-1

1.1.1 Assumptions

 Geotechnic calculations according to : EN 1997-1:2008/AC:2009

 Concrete calculations according to : ACI 318-11
 Shape selection : without limits

1.1.2 Geometry:

A = 2.40 (m) a = 0.40 (m)

B = 1.80 (m) b = 0.40 (m)
h1 = 0.35 (m) ex = -0.99 (m)
h2 = 1.85 (m) ey = 0.00 (m)
h4 = 0.05 (m)

a' = 30.00 (cm)

b' = 30.00 (cm)
c1 = 5.08 (cm)
c2 = 5.08 (cm)

1.1.3 Materials

 Concrete : CONCR_3.5; Characteristic strength =

245.75 kgf/cm2
Unit weight = 2407.31 (kgf/m3)
 Longitudinal reinforcement : type Grade 60 Characteristic
strength = 4218.42 kgf/cm2
 Transversal reinforcement : type Grade 40 Characteristic
strength = 2812.28 kgf/cm2
 Additional reinforcement: : type Grade 40 Characteristic
strength = 2812.28 kgf/cm2

1.1.4 Loads:

Foundation loads:

CRV 1
 Case Nature Group N Fx Fy Mx My
(kgf) (kgf) (kgf) (T*m) (T*m)
DL1 dead load 3 15038.50 -3.22 -1618.44 -0.10 -0.00
DL2 dead load 3 358.13 -0.52 -241.93 -0.02 0.00
DL3 dead load 3 985.90 -2.69 -889.78 -0.04 -0.00
LL1 live load 3 1014.56 -2.12 -659.01 -0.04 0.00
WIND1 wind 3 132.96 -1130.12 -120.23 -0.00 -3.30
WIND2 wind 3 -1733.79 57.35 2634.79 -0.18 0.20

Backfill loads:
Case Nature Q1
(kgf/m2)

1.1.5 Combination list

1/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL211
2/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL211+0.90DL2111
3/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL211+0.90DL21111
4/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21
5/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL211
6/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL211+0.90DL2111
7/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL211+0.90DL21111
8/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21
9/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL2111
10/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL21111
11/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL2111
12/ ULS A1 : 1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL21111
13/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL2111
14/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL21111
15/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL2111
16/ ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL21111
17/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.30DL211
18/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.30DL211+0.78DL2111
19/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.30DL211+0.78DL21111
20/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21
21/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+0.91DL211+1.30DL2111
22/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+0.91DL211+1.30DL21111
23/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.30DL2111
24/ ULS A2 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.30DL21111
25/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211
26/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21
27/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL2111
28/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL21111
29/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211+1.00DL2111
30/ SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211+1.00DL21111
31/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL211
32/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21
33/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.00DL211+1.60DL2111
34/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.00DL211+1.60DL21111
35/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL2111
36/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL21111
37/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL211
38/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21
39/* ULS : 1.40DL1+1.40DL2+1.40DL21
40/* ULS : 0.90DL1+0.90DL2+0.90DL21
41/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21
42/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+0.80DL2111
43/* ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+0.80DL21111
44/* ULS : 0.90DL1+0.90DL2+0.90DL21
45/* ULS : 0.90DL1+0.90DL2+0.90DL21+1.00DL2111
46/* ULS : 0.90DL1+0.90DL2+0.90DL21+1.00DL21111
47/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211
48/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21
49/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL2111
50/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL21111
51/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211+1.00DL2111
52/* SLS : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211+1.00DL21111

CRV 2
 1.2 Geotechnical design
1.2.1 Assumptions

 Cohesion reduction coefficient: 0.00

 Take account of plastic redistribution of allowable stresses
 Sliding with soil pressure considered: for X and Y directions
 Design approach: 1
A1 + M1 + R1
' = 1.00
c' = 1.00
cu = 1.00
qu = 1.00
 = 1.00
R,v = 1.00
R,h = 1.00
A2 + M2 + R1
' = 1.25
c' = 1.25
cu = 1.40
qu = 1.40
 = 1.00
R,v = 1.00
R,h = 1.00
1.2.2 Soil:

Soil level: N1 = 0.00 (m)

Column pier level: Na = 0.00 (m)
Minimum reference level: Nf = -2.20 (m)

well graded gravels

• Soil level: 0.00 (m)
• Unit weight:2242.58 (kgf/m3)
• Unit weight of solid: 2702.31 (kgf/m3)
• Internal friction angle: 42.0 (Deg)
• Cohesion: 0.00 (kgf/cm2)

1.2.3 Limit states

Stress calculations

Soil type under foundation: not layered

Design combination ULS A1 :
1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL2111

CRV 3
 Load factors: 1.35 * Foundation weight
1.35 * Soil weight
Calculation results: On the foundation level
Weight of foundation and soil over it: Gr = 29175.32 (kgf)
Design load:
Nr = 52556.45 (kgf) Mx = 9.82 (T*m) My = -31.93 (T*m)

Allowable stress calculation method: Semi-empirical - stress limit

Load eccentricity:
|eB| = 0.61 (m) |eL| = 0.19 (m)
Equivalent foundation dimensions:
B' = B - 2|eB| = 1.19 (m)
L' = L - 2|eL| = 1.43 (m)

qu = 1.20 (kgf/cm2)

ple* = 0.71 (kgf/cm2)

De = Dmin - d = 2.20 (m)
kp = 1.00
q'0 = 0.49 (kgf/cm2)

qu = kp * (ple*) + q'0 = 1.20 (kgf/cm2)

Stress in soil: qref = 0.98 (kgf/cm2)

Safety factor: qlim / qref = 1.22 > 1

Uplift

Uplift in ULS
Design combination ULS A1 :
1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.05DL211+1.50DL2111
Load factors: 1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight
Contact area: s = 0.32
slim = 0.33

Sliding

Design combination ULS A1 : 1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21

Load factors: 1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight
Weight of foundation and soil over it: Gr = 21611.35 (kgf)
Design load:
Nr = 37993.87 (kgf) Mx = 5.89 (T*m)My = -16.29 (T*m)
Equivalent foundation dimensions: A_ = 2.40 (m)B_ = 1.80 (m)
Sliding area: 3.88 (m2)
Foundation/soil friction coefficient: tan(d = 0.00
Cohesion: cu = 0.00 (kgf/cm2)
Soil pressure considered:
Hx = -6.43 (kgf) Hy = -2750.15 (kgf)
Ppx = 7216.36 (kgf) Ppy = 1683.82 (kgf)

CRV 4
 Pax = -283.56 (kgf) Pay = -690.00 (kgf)
Sliding force value Hd = 1756.34 (kgf)
Value of force preventing foundation sliding:
- On the foundation level: Rd = 0.00 (kgf)
Stabilility for sliding: 1.15 > 1

Average settlement

Soil type under foundation: not layered

Design combination SLS :
1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL211+1.00DL2111
Load factors: 1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight
Weight of foundation and soil over it: Gr = 21611.35 (kgf)
Average stress caused by design load: q = 1.65 (kgf/cm2)
Thickness of the actively settling soil: z = 3.60 (m)
Stress on the level z:
- Additional: zd = 0.18 (kgf/cm2)
- Caused by soil weight: z = 1.30 (kgf/cm2)
Settlement:
- Original s' = 0.08 (cm)
- Secondary s'' = 0.00 (cm)
- TOTAL S = 0.08 (cm) < Sadm = 5.00 (cm)
Safety factor: 62.06 > 1

Settlement difference

Design combination SLS :

1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.00DL2111
Load factors:
Settlement difference:
Safety factor: 59.48 > 1
1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight
S = 0.08 (cm) < Sadm = 5.00 (cm)

Rotation

About OX axis
Design combination
1.35DL1+1.35DL2+1.35DL21+1.50DL211+0.90DL2111
Load factors:
Weight of foundation and soil over it:
Design load:
Nr = 45369.26 (kgf)
Stability moment:
Rotation moment:
Stability for rotation:
ULS A1 :
1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight
Gr = 21611.35 (kgf)
Mx = 10.29 (T*m) My = -28.81 (T*m)
Mstab = 41.12 (T*m)
Mrenv = 10.58 (T*m)
3.886 > 1

About OY axis
Design combination: ULS A1 :
1.00DL1+1.00DL2+1.00DL21+1.50DL2111
Load factors: 1.00 * Foundation weight
1.00 * Soil weight

CRV 5
 Weight of foundation and soil over it: Gr = 21611.35 (kgf)
Design load:
Nr = 38193.30 (kgf) Mx = 6.28 (T*m)My = -25.17 (T*m)
Stability moment: Mstab = 30.07 (T*m)
Rotation moment: Mrenv = 8.70 (T*m)
Stability for rotation: 3.455 > 1

1.3 RC design

1.3.1 Assumptions

 Concrete exposed to earth and weather : no

1.3.2 Analysis of punching and shear

Punching

Design combination ULS : 1.40DL1+1.40DL2+1.40DL21

Load factors: 0.90 * Foundation weight
0.90 * Soil weight
Design load:
Nr = 42384.43 (kgf) Mx = 8.24 (T*m) My = -22.78 (T*m)
Length of critical circumference: 1.80 (m)
Punching force: 17206.11 (kgf)
Section effective height heff = 0.29 (m)
Shear stress: 3.31 (kgf/cm2)
Admissible shear stress: 12.47 (kgf/cm2)
Safety factor: 3.769 > 1

1.3.3 Required reinforcement

Spread footing:

bottom:

ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.00DL211+1.60DL2111
My = 0.00 (T*m) Asx = 6.30 (cm2/m)

ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL211
Mx = 6.24 (T*m) Asy = 6.30 (cm2/m)

As min = 6.30 (cm2/m)

top:

ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.00DL211+1.60DL2111
My = -9.55 (T*m) A'sx = 6.30 (cm2/m)

ULS : 1.20DL1+1.20DL2+1.20DL21+1.60DL211
Mx = -0.02 (T*m) A'sy = 6.30 (cm2/m)

CRV 6
 As min = 6.30 (cm2/m)

Column pier:
Longitudinal reinforcement A = 21.42 (cm2) A min. = 16.00 (cm2)
A = 2 * (Asx + Asy)
Asx = 4.44 (cm2) Asy = 6.27 (cm2)

1.3.4 Provided reinforcement

2.3.1 Spread footing:

Bottom:

Top:

2.3.2 Pier
Longitudinal reinforcement

2 Material survey:
 Concrete volume = 1.81 (m3)
 Formwork = 5.90 (m2)

CRV 7