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CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4 - DANH ĐỘNG TỪ
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4 - DANH ĐỘNG TỪ
A. THEORY
I. GERUND (danh động từ)
Thay cho một mệnh đề: Mệnh đề độc lập trong câu
ghép, Mệnh đề phụ trong câu, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ
thời gian, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do
Chức năng
Dùng như một tính từ
của phân từ
hiện tại
Cấu trúc: There + be + Noun + present participle
III. PERFECT GERUND (danh động từ hoàn thành) và PERFECT PARTICIPLE (phân từ
hoàn thành)
Công thức: HAVING + VP2
Danh động từ hoàn thành Phân từ hoàn thành
▪ Dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh ▪ Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề khi hành động trong
động từ khi chúng ta đề cập đến hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước.
quá khứ. ▪ Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời
gian.
B. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Decide the underlined parts are gerund (G) or present participle (P).
Question 1: Staying up late is harmful to skin. G
Question 2: Her boss caught him speaking privately in the working time, so he was fired. P
Question 3: After completing the plan, we had a vacation in Hawaii. G
Question 4: This is the most embarrassing problem that I have ever seen.
Question 5: The painting was beautiful. I stood there admiring it for a long time. P
Question 6: I’ve just heard that there’s been a major accident that has all of the traffic tied up. If we
want to get to the play on time, we’d better avoid taking the high way.
Question 7: Did you ever finish designing the office for that new client of yours?
Question 8: It was their 25th wedding anniversary last week.
Question 9: My sister was cleaning the floor when the telephone rang.
Question 10: My brother is fond of pointing out my mistakes.
Question 11: My habit is sleeping whenever I’m sad.
Question 12: My hobby, playing table tennis, makes me feel happy.
Question 13: He washed his car, singing happily.
Question 14: Walking in the rain gives me a pleasure.
Question 15: The girl lending me this book is my best friend.
Question 16: Leaving school, he has worked in a restaurant.
Question 17: I saw your children playing on the street.
Question 18: She said how much she appreciated the overwhelming generosity of the public in
responding to the appeal.
Question 19: Neil denied breaking the window.
Question 20: Driving carelessly, he had an accident.
Exercise 4: Rewrite each of the following sentences with gerund or present participle or perfect
participle.
Question 1: Christopher apologized. He’d forgotten to pay.
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Question 2: When Tom had repaired the car, he took it out for a road test.
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Question 3: The porter just stood there. He expected a tip.
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Question 4: Because he was the youngest child, Natasha was her father’s favorite.
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Question 5: Mitchell picked up the phone and dialed a number
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Question 6: He left the phone ring for 5 minutes and then slowly replaced the receiver.
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Question 7: After she had worked hard all day, Sarah was exhausted.
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Question 8: We saw Rupert. He was looking into a shop window.
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Question 9: Since Daniel had spent all his money, he couldn't afford a new jacket.
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Question 10: He took out a gun and put it in his briefcase.
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Question 11: Shall we go for a walk?
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Question 12: Why don’t we visit our teacher?
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Question 13: It is really quite easy to learn English.
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Question 14: I don’t want to go to the movie tonight.
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Question 15: Complaining about the matter is useless now.
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Question 16: It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour.
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Question 17: Could you turn the radio down, please?
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Question 18: Are you going to the seaside this summer?
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Question 19: Will you invite your friends on Sundays?
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Question 20: He didn’t say goodbye to anyone when he left the room.
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Question 21: He would rather read books than watch television.
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Question 22: “Do you want to play tennis?” “No, not really.”
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Question 23: “You were driving too fast.” “Yes, it’s true. Sorry.”
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Question 24: “You broke into the shop.” “No, I didn’t.”
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Question 25: Shall we go away tomorrow instead of today?
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