Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual

Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

Module 15
Respiratory System and Respiration

Activity 15.1
Respiratory Structures
Name: __Princess Abegail A. Caolboy_____ Date:November 25, 2022__
Section: _BSN 1-2__________________ Score:_________

A. Complete the table below:

Structure Function(s)
Nasal Cavity to humidify, warm, filter, and act as a conduit
for inspired air, as well as protect the
respiratory tract through the use of the
mucociliary system
Nasal septum allows the air that we breathe in through
our nostrils to go directly from the tip of the
nose into the back of the nose and into the
lungs
Nares: Internal & External allow air to enter the nose and pass into the
nasal cavity
Hard Palate separates the oral cavity from the nasal
cavity while also aiding swallowing and
speaking
Soft Palate elevate the nasopharynx, effectively closing
the communication from the oropharynx to
the nasopharynx.
Conchae: superior, middle, inferior divide the nasal cavity into four groove-like
air passages.
Paranasal sinuses: maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, Increasing resonance of the voice
sphenoid
Nasopharynx connect your nasal passages to the rest of
your respiratory system.
Oropharynx It allows air, food and fluid to pass through.
Laryngopharynx a crucial connection point through which
food, water, and air pass.

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Laryngeal cartilages protect the lower respiratory tract from

aspirating food into the trachea while
breathing.
Vestibular fold protection of the more delicate vocal folds
that lie beneath.
Vocal folds To protect the airway from choking on
material in the throat. To regulate the flow of
air into our lungs.
Trachea carry air in and out of your lungs.
Primary bronchi help moisturize the air you breathe and
screen out foreign particles
Secondary bronchi conducts air to and from one of the lung's
five lobes.
Tertiary Bronchi conduct air in and out of the
bronchopulmonary segments
Lungs: Lobes, lobules bringing oxygen into the bloodstream and
removing carbon dioxide.
Pleurae: visceral, parietal allow optimal expansion and contraction of
the lungs during breathing.
Bronchioles carry air into your lungs.
Terminal Bronchioles ensure that air is distributed to all parts of
the lungs and can be used by the alveoli for
gas exchange.
Respiratory bronchioles The bronchioles carry air to small sacs in
your lungs called alveoli.
Alveolar ducts collect and direct the oxygen entering the
alveoli and the carbon dioxide exiting the
lungs
Alveoli where the lungs and the blood exchange
oxygen and carbon dioxide during the
process of breathing in and breathing out.

B. Put in Order (Arrange these structures in the order through which air passes during
inspiration.
Larynx nasal cavity
Pharynx primary bronchi
Respiratory bronchioles secondary bronchi

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Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

Terminal bronchioles tertiary bronchi

Trachea

ANSWERS:

1. Nasal Cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
4. Trachea
5. Primary bronchi
6. Secondary bronchi
7. Tertiary bronchi
8. Terminal bronchioles
9. Respiratory bronchioles

C. Label the DIAGRAM below

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Sphenoid sinus
Frontal sinus
Nasal cavity
Pharyngeal tonsil
Nasal vestibule

Nasopharynx
Nosetrills

Hard palate
Palatine tonsil

Oropharynx
Esophagus
Thyroid gland
Larynx

Vocal fold

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Nasal cavity Frontal sinus

Upper respiratory system Sphenoidal sinus
Nasal Cavity
Nose
Internal nares
Pharynx
Tongue

Hyoid bone
Esophagus Larynx
Lower respiratory system Trachea
Clavicle Bronchus
Bronchioles

Diaphragm
Ribs

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Bronchioles

Pulmonary arteriole
Terminal bronchiole

Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar capillary

Elastic fibers

Alveolar sac

Alveolar duct

Capillaries

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Bronchi

Trachea

Apex Apex

Upper lobe

Superior lobe

Horizontal
fissure
Oblique fissure

Middle
lobe
Inferior lobe
Inferior lobe

Cardiac notch

Oblique fissure

Activity 15.2
Pulmonary Volumes and Capacities
Princess Abegail A. Caolboy November 25, 2022
Name: ______________________ Date: __________
Section: ____________________
BSN 1-2 Score: _________

1. Review Questions.

Multiple Choice. More than one choice may apply.

D_1. When you exhale, air flows through respiratory structures in which sequence?
a. Alveolus, bronchiole, bronchus, larynx, trachea, pharynx, nasal cavity
b. Alveolus, trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity
c. Alveolus, bronchus, bronchiole, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity
d. Alveolus, bronchiole, bronchus, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity

_D__2. When you inhale, the diaphragm

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a. relaxes and moves inferiorly.

b. relaxes and moves superiorly.
c. contracts and moves superiorly.
d. contracts and moves inferiorly.

_B__3. During inspiration, intrapulmonary pressure is

a.greater than atmospheric pressure.
b. less than atmospheric pressure.
c. greater than intrapleural pressure.
d. less than intrapleural pressure.

_B__4. Lung collapse is prevented by

a. high surface tension of the alveolar fluid.
b. adhesion of the pleural membranes.
c. high pressure in the pleural cavities.
d. the high elasticity of lung tissue.

B & C__5. Disorders classified as COPDs include

a. pneumonia. c. bronchitis
b. emphysema. d. sleep apnea

REFERENCES

Module 15 The Respiratory System and Respiration

Airofit. (n.d.). Understand the importance of forced vital capacity. Airofit. Retrieved May 4, 2020, from
https://www.airofit.com/blogs/all-blog-posts/forced-vital-capacity

Forced Vital Capacity. Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second. Obstructive Vs. Restrictive lung diseases.
Pulmonary Function Test PFT. - ppt download. (n.d.). Slideplayer.Com. Retrieved July 26, 2020, from
https://slideplayer.com/slide/8714887/

Maurya, N. (2018, July 27). NEET PG High Yield & Latest Trending Topic. Www.Medicoapps.Org.
https://medicoapps.org/m-fissures-lobes-of-lungs/

Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System | Anatomy and Physiology II. (2012).
Lumenlearning.Com.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cuny-kbcc-ap2/chapter/organs-and-structures-of-the-respiratory-sys
tem/

All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any means
, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written
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Anatomy and Physiolology Laboratory Manual
Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

pleurae, pleural cavity, pericardial membrane, the root of the lung at hilum | Respiratory system,
Thoracic cavity, Respiratory. (n.d.). Pinterest. Retrieved July 26, 2020, from
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/120963939967753333/

Respiratory Cycle. (n.d.). Www.Simply.Science. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from

https://www.simply.science/images/content/biology/human_physiology/respiratory_system/conceptma
p/Respiratory_cycle.html

All rights reserved. No part of this Manual maybe reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or any means
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Volume 2, Series of 2020 JBD

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